Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Hartemann

Publications and source records attributed to P Hartemann.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Dysthyroidism and Parkinson's disease].

Associations between hyperthyroidism and Parkinson disease have been reported. The treatment of the hyperthyroid state seems to improve the extrapyramidal symptomatology. We report a case of a woman suffering from Parkinson disease and hypothyroidism. The treatment with thyroxine increased parkinsonian tremor. Dopamine regulation of TSH circadian and pulsatile release is not clear. These observations stress the possible role of thyroid hormones in regulating dopaminergic metabolism.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the human thyroid gland: a technical improvement for follicular cell observation.

SEM is a valuable tool for the examination of hollow organ free surfaces. It has been used in a few studies of human thyroid. The cell surface observation is usually limited by the presence of colloid in the follicular lumen. A technique of direct removal of the colloid has been previously proposed. It gives good morphological results. But this method needs preliminary fixation and critical point drying of thyroid samples. Antigenic properties of tissue blocks are then unsuitable for further staining. We describe a fast and easy technique for colloid removal by washing thyroid samples in a saline solution. Colloid is correctly removed from the tissue block surface prior to fixation. Apical cells are left undamaged. The exposure of thyroid blocks to ultrasound did not improve colloid removal. A post-fixative chemical drying in hexamethyldisilazane shortens processing time. We have studied the efficiency of this technique on 24 human thyroid samples obtained by surgery (normal tissue, Grave's disease, heteromultinodular goiter, toxic solitary adenoma). All specimens were observed by SEM and transmission electron microscopy in order to assess the good preservation of cell surface details. This easy technique could be used as a routine process.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1989

Decreased lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 molecule expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with Graves' disease.

Humoral and cellular abnormalities have been described in autoimmune thyroid diseases, but a deficient cooperation between humoral and cellular systems has been poorly investigated in such diseases. Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), a glycoprotein expressed on T- and B-lymphocytes, plays an important role in cell-cell interaction mechanisms and is involved in the homing phenomenon. The expression of this molecule was investigated on peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients suffering from various thyroid disorders. Decreased numbers of LFA-1-positive cells were observed in 30 patients with Graves' disease, while normal values were present in 8 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 37 subjects with nonautoimmune thyroid disorders. Treatment-induced improvement of Graves' disease was associated with an increase in LFA-1-positive cell number.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Prevalence of non-thyroid autoantibodies in autoimmune dysthyroidies].

Organ- and non organ-specific autoantibodies can be detected in patients with AITD but large comparative studies have seldom been performed. This study evaluated the prevalence of anti-thyroid, -smooth muscle, -mitochondria, -parietal gastric cells, -salivary duct, -nuclear and -ds DNA autoantibodies assayed by indirect immunofluorescence in 224 patients with Graves' disease or Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Results evidenced a high prevalence of antinuclear antibodies, mostly of non homogenous fluorescence in Graves' (63.1%) and Hashimoto's patients (65.5%), as well as for antisalivary duct antibodies (55.2 and 75%). No positive anti-ds DNA were noticed. No correlation was found between antithyroid antibodies and the others. Different hypothesis could explain this observation which favours a general dysregulation of the autoimmune system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Multiplication of bacterial pathogens in intravenous fluids.

The growth of 10 bacterial species in 10% dextran solution, 0.9% saline solution, Rheomacrodex solution, Totamine solution and extracorporeal circulation fluid was quantified at room temperature. Depending on the bacterial species, doubling time ranged from 2 to 18 h. These differences can be explained by microbial metabolism, and the pH and osmotic pressure of the solutions tested. These results emphasize once more the necessity for aseptic preparation and careful storage of intravenous fluids.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1986

Epidemiology of infectious diseases transmitted by drinking water in developed countries.

Research on the epidemiology of infectious diseases attributable to drinking water, common in the US during the past 20 years at least, is not yet really widespread in France. The role played by water in the transmission of certain infectious agents was important in European countries during past centuries but at present the incidence of waterborne diseases can be considered as very low. The absence of well-established data is due to the difficulty in reporting correctly a few minor outbreaks in a situation of very low endemicity. After a survey of the reported outbreaks, this paper deals with risk assessment of waterborne diseases in developed countries as well as special problems linked with proving transmission via water and with the nature of the infectious agents, and the development of monitoring methods for increasing our knowledge of this epidemiology.

Communicable Diseases↗
PubMed1986

[Treatment of thyroid ophthalmopathies by external orbital radiotherapy].

From January, 1977, through December 1983, 62 patients with thyroid edematous ophthalmopathy were given external orbital radiotherapy according to S.S. Donaldson's technique: 5,5 MV photons produced by a linear accelerator were used to irradiate the muscular conus, with a total of 20 grays in 10 sessions over 2 weeks. Good results were obtained in 46 patients (77%). This simple therapy may be a first choice in recent ophthalmopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Activity of non antiseptic soaps and ethanol for hand disinfection.

This study was done to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of the successive use of non-antiseptic soaps with different pH and ethanol at different dilutions during in-use tests on the natural cutaneous flora for both surgical and hospital hand-washing. The successive combinations of detergents and alcohol were less effective than the use of alcohol alone. The influence of humidity and pH could be taken into consideration. The antibacterial effect of ethanol after hand-washing is relatively slow. Taking into account this delayed effect, the antibacterial action of soap + ethanol is of the same order as that obtained with antiseptic preparations which have more efficient immediate results. The existence of large individual variations during repeated assays suggests an important role of local phenomena in the cutaneous coat. Thus for surgical purposes (= with glove-wearing), the use of ethanol after hand-washing with an acidic soap could be taken into consideration, but for hygienic purposes (= immediate effect, without glove-wearing) the application of ethanol after hand-washing with non antiseptic soap is not advantageous from a bacteriological quantitative point of view.

Disinfection↗
PubMed1984

Trypsin-treated Ma-104: a sensitive cell line for isolating enteric viruses from environmental samples.

During a 1-year survey of enteroviruses in wastewater samples from the Lorraine area, three widely used continuous monkey kidney cell lines were tested: BGM, Vero, and trypsin-treated Ma-104. Decontaminated samples from secondary wastewater treatment plants (influent or effluent) were directly inoculated onto cells, and viruses were revealed after two passages with a liquid medium technique. Out of the total percentage of positive isolates with the three systems (32.7) 24.7% were found with Ma-104, 14.1% with BGM, and only 1.7% with Vero cells. Poliovirus was recovered more frequently with Ma-104 (12.3%) than with BGM (1.7%). Reovirus (3.5%) and echovirus (1.7%) were only found with Ma-104 cells; however, BGM cells allowed the isolation of a few group B coxsackieviruses (5.9%). It must be pointed out that 7.0% of samples with an unconfirmed cytopathic effect were found with BGM against 3.4% found with Ma-104, but they did not have significant differences. Because of its large spectrum of sensitivity, easy maintenance, and resistance to toxic effects, trypsin-treated Ma-104 may be recommended in conjunction with other cell lines for the detection of viruses from environmental samples, especially with the use of a liquid method.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Use of 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and electron microscopy to study phosphorus metabolism of microorganisms from wastewaters.

We used 31P nuclear magentic resonance to study the transfer of phosphorus between Pis and polyphosphates in microorganisms involved in wastewater treatment. We showed that the transfer process is reversible and of the first order in accordance with the polyphosphate concentration. The presence of nitrates in the anoxic phase led to results similar to those obtained during the aerobic phase. (Anoxic implies absence of oxygen but presence of nitrate, whereas anaerobic implies absence of oxygen and nitrate. In bacteriology, the term anoxic is not common, and the term anaerobic implies absence of oxygen and includes the conditions under which nitrate is present.) We observed that carbon dioxide lowers the pH, which entails a hydrolysis of polyphosphates, and helium seems to stop the evolution of the cells. Further, 2,4-dinitrophenol decouples the oxidative phosphorylation and brings about a decrease in the polyphosphate pool.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1983

Sampling strategy for detecting viruses in a sewage treatment plant.

A study of pollutant flows was carried out at a wastewater treatment plant in Nancy, France, which used activated-sludge treatment. To carry out observation of hourly flow variation, a sampling strategy needs to be defined. A comparison between two methods of sampling was conducted: dip samples every 2 h over a period of 24 h and one 24-h composite sample were taken from raw and treated wastewater and then analyzed for enteroviruses, fecal coliforms, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, and suspended solids. The results showed that the hourly variations of these pollutants in the effluents are in good agreement with expectations based upon the customers' usage and the characteristics of the wastewater network. Significant correlations were found between all tested parameters and enteroviruses in raw wastewater. After biological treatment, no correlation remained in treated wastewater between viruses and other parameters. As for the two sampling methods, a rather good representation of the daily load was given by the composite mode of sampling as concerns physicochemical and microbiological parameters. Biological treatment removed an average of 83% of viruses.

Enterobacteriaceae↗
PubMed1983

[Enterovirus circulation in the waste waters of the Lorraine region. Evaluation of a survey 1976-1981].

A survey of the presence of viruses in wastewater has been conducted during 6 years in 19 treatment plants of the lorraine area. The results presented in this paper show the presence of numerous viral species in the 1938 samples analyzed from 1976 to 1981 and large variations of the annual positivity rate linked to the circulation of enteric viruses in the population. By direct inoculation to cell cultures the search of virus is positive in only 15% of the samples. On the other hand a previous concentration step allows to obtain an increase of positive samples. Taking into account the important aptitudes of polio and non poliovirus to survive in water, the survey of wastewater could be a good indicator of their presence in the population. The isolation of non vaccinal polioviruses confirm the need of the continuation of the vaccination program, but perhaps also a reevaluation of the rule of the living oral vaccine because of the presence of so called "intermediary strains".

Enterovirus↗
PubMed1982

Familial hyperthyroidism without evidence of autoimmunity.

Thirty-four members of a single family were studied and 9 of them were found to be suffering from hyperthyroidism associated with diffuse goitre. Exophthalmos was absent and transmission seemed to be independent of HLA type. Four of the 9 were studied prior to treatment but in all cases serum immunoglobulin levels were normal, antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal antibodies absent, thyroid stimulating antibodies negative and the lymphocyte transformation responses to mitogens not different from those of controls. The results of testing the euthyroid family members were similarly negative, except in the case of a woman with type I diabetes mellitus who showed a low titre of antimicrosomal antibody. Seven of the patients underwent subtotal thyroidectomy. Lymphocytic infiltration of the excised portion was rarely present. Four of the glands were subjected to immunofluorescent and electron microscopy but neither immunosecreting cells nor immune complex deposits were found. These results point to the existence of a non-autoimmune form of goitrous hyperthyroidism, different from Graves' disease.

Adolescent↗