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Biomedical subjects

P Fric

Publications and source records attributed to P Fric.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

An adapted program of colorectal cancer screening--7 years experience and cost-benefit analysis.

The Czech program of colorectal cancer screening differs from most foreign programs in a number of points. The age interval of screened population was limited to 45 to 60 years. Screening was multicentric, with one reference center. More than 95% of the subjects screened were asymptomatic employees of various factories, boards and institutions. Total colonoscopy was the primary procedure in all Haemoccult-positive subjects. Some 109,213 subjects received 3 Haemoccult slides. Compliance was 83.1%, and Haemoccult was positive in 2.92% of the subjects. The diagnostic program revealed 347 (13.1%) cancers, 763 adenomas in 592 (22.2%) subjects, and other bleeding conditions in 1043 (39.2%) persons. Dukes A or B colorectal cancer was found in two-thirds of the screened subjects and in only one-third of non-screened symptomatic patients. Average diagnostic and therapeutic costs were almost the same in both groups. Gross national product savings realized by one asymptomatic subject were 315,540 Czechoslovak Crowns (approximately 18,560 US-dollars at the 1989 exchange rates). The adapted program was found to be effective, and its use in a population with a high incidence of colorectal neoplasia deserves consideration.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Comparison of immunochemical and biochemical tests for occult hemorrhage in feces].

The authors compared in a group of 104 patients assessment of occult haemorrhage in faeces made by the immunochemical test HemeSelect (HS-SmithKline Diagnostics) and the biochemical Haemoccult test (HT-Röhm Pharma). In all patients subsequently total coloscopy was performed. In the whole group the sensitivity of HS was 49.3% and of HT 16.0% (p << 0.001) and the specificity 72.4% and 100% (p << 0.01). The predictive value in polyps, 10 mm in size or larger, was 65.2% (positive) and 60.0% (negative). The assessed sensitivity and predictive values of HS do not permit to recommend immunochemical tests of this type as an alternative procedure to repeated colonoscopic checks in the dispensarization of high risk groups of colorectal cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Carcinoma in non-specific inflammatory intestinal diseases-- epidemiology, clinical aspects, dispensarization].

Idiopathic proctocolitis and Crohn's disease are important precancerous conditions in particular in patients with the onset of the disease at a young age. The causes of colorectal carcinoma in these diseases remain hypothetical. The risk must not be underrated but it is not high enough to justify prophylactic colectomy. The fundamental contribution to dispensary programmes was the discovery of dysplasia, i. e. precancerous changes of the intestinal epithelia. The main method of dispensarization is coloscopy with multiple biopsies of different segments of the colon and rectum. It is recommended to initiate dispensary programmes 10 years after the onset of the disease. Dysplasia is not an ideal marker of the increased risk of carcinoma and other indicators of malignant transformation in intestinal biopsies are intensely sought. The further development of dispensary programmes depends on these efforts and the results of cost-benefit analyses.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

[Endoscopic ultrasonography of the upper part of the digestive tract. II].

Endoscopic ultrasonography is a new method of visualization which makes it possible to visualize reliably and in detail the wall the digestive tract and its close surroundings. Indication is above all diagnosis of tumours and their staging. The authors submit their initial experience with the method in a group of 71 examinations in 65 subjects. The conclusions of endosonography were confirmed as correct in 96.7% and provide evidence of the asset and possibilities of the method in the differential diagnosis of diseases of the upper portion of the digestive tract.

Endoscopy, Digestive System↗
PubMed1992

[Endoscopic ultrasonography of the upper digestive tract].

Endoscopic ultrasonography is a useful combination of endoscopy and abdominal ultrasonography. It visualized in detail the wall of the digestive tract and is thus indicated for the diagnosis of pathological processes of the wall and its close surroundings, in particular the differential diagnosis of tumours, assessment of their size and operability. The method has become available also under our conditions. The present paper deals with its technique and informative value.

Digestive System↗
PubMed1992

[Comparison of immunochemical and biochemical methods for determination of occult fecal blood].

The authors compared two tests of occult Fecal Blood Loss--the immunochemical Hemolex test based on agglutination of latex particles lined with antibodies against human haemoglobin and the biochemical Haemoccult test. Both tests were used to examine 55 patients invited to the department for endoscopic polypectomy or coloscopy as part of dispensarization after resection of colorectal carcinoma. The sensitivity of the Hemolex test (48.6%) is statistically significantly higher, as compared with the Haemoccult test (17.1%), the specificity is insignificantly lower in the Hemolex test (90%), as compared with the Haemoccult test (100%). The results indicate some advantages of the immunochemical examination of occult Fecal Blood Loss and the assumed area of its application.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effective peritoneal therapy of acute pancreatitis in the rat with glutaryl-trialanin-ethylamide: a novel inhibitor of pancreatic elastase.

The six hour peritoneal lavage with glutaryl-trialanin-ethylamide, a low molecular competitive inhibitor of pancreatic elastase (IC50-8 mumol/l), effectively suppresses the evolution of taurocholate induced acute pancreatitis in the rat. The lavage alone is followed by a marked decrease of fat necrosis and amylase and lipase activity in serum. The area of pancreatic haemorrhage was significantly reduced only after the lavage solution was supplemented with Glt-Ala3-NHEt. The effect was not enhanced by a bolus injection of the inhibitor before starting the lavage. The combination of Glt-Ala3-NHEt with aprotinin or nafamstate mesilate produced only marginal greater benefit. The effect of Glt-Ala3-NHEt on pancreatic haemorrhage is time and dose related even with delayed onset of the lavage. Animals treated with peritoneal lavage without Get-Ala3-NHEt lived longer than controls (p less than 0.05), but by 60 hours the survival rate of both groups was almost the same (76 v 74%). All animals lavaged with Glt-Ala3-NHEt survived 120 hours and the difference in the survival rate between this and both remaining groups was significant (100% v 76% v 74% - p less than 0.05). The results were considered favourable and preliminary clinical trials of Glt-Ala3-NHEt in subjects with acute pancreatitis justified.

Amylases↗
PubMed1991

[Costs and benefits of screening for colorectal tumors using the Hemoccult test in asymptomatic individuals 45-60 years of age].

Screening of colorectal tumours by the Haemoccult test (HT) in asymptomatic subjects aged 45-60 years makes it possible to assess the diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma (CR-CA) in two-thirds of the affected subjects in Dukes stage A and B, as compared with one third of symptomatic patients of the same age group. The mean diagnostic and therapeutic costs related to the relative incidence of individual stages of Dukes staging of CR-CA in screened asymptomatic individuals and symptomatic patients are approximately equal. The analysis is not concerned with costs of care after surgical and supplementary treatment which are considerable in subjects with the advanced form of the disease. Its incidence is significantly higher in symptomatic patients. The mean expected productive age under 60 years is in symptomatic patients 2.604 years and in asymptomatic individuals 4.357 years. The mean national product assembled during this period is 468.720 Kcs and 784.260 Kcs resp. The difference in favour of one asymptomatic subject in the analyzed group is 38,495.880 Kcs. These facts fully justify further extension of screening programmes of CR-CA in our population.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Relationship between gliadin peptide structure and their effect on the fetal chick duodenum.

The tendency to form a beta-turn in alpha-gliadin was estimated using the B-cell determinant prediction program based on the Chou and Fasman probability of beta-turn formation. Six sequences possessing a high probability of beta-turn formation were found. A statistically high agreement was found between these six sequences and three areas in alpha-gliadin with the occurrence of Pro-Ser-Gln-Gln sequence which has recently been considered responsible for toxicity in coeliac disease. By means of solid-phase synthesis seven peptides were obtained covering the above-mentioned regions. Their toxicity was tested using the fetal chick duodenum. The results support the suggestion that peptides containing the sequences Pro-Ser-Gln-Gln and Gln-Gln-Gln-Pro may be involved in the pathogenesis of coeliac disease.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

[Techniques of endoscopic treatment of malignant colorectal adenomas with respect to the subsequent prognosis of the patients].

Since 1981 we detected in 45 patients (28 men, 17 women) 31 adenomas with severe dysplasia (ATD; formerly intramucous carcinoma) and 22 invasive carcinomas in the adenoma (IK penetrating beneath the muscularis mucosae). 95% of all findings were in the left colon before the lienal flexure. Patients with ATD were subjected only to endoscopic operation; of 22 of the subjects with IK 15 were recommended for surgery, and endoscopic treatment alone was provided to seven patients. Forty subjects were followed up on a long-term basis (on average for 34 months). Of 23 patients with ATD one female patient died from ischaemic heart disease, the remainder survive without signs of colorectal carcinoma. Of 17 subjects with IK followed up on a long-term basis five died (all after surgery as a result of generalization of the disease). All 7 patients with IK who had only endoscopic treatment survive without signs of relapse of the disease. In patients with ATD the authors consider EP as the definite therapeutic method, if it is feasible from the technical aspect. Patients with ATD and IK who were subjected to EP are checked after 6 weeks. A total coloscopic check-up is made subsequently in subjects with IK during the first year twice a year and in later years once a year, in subjects with ATD after annual intervals for a period of 5-6 years.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1991

[Ultrasonic findings in pancreas divisum].

In 36 subjects with pancreas divisum an ultrasonic examinations of the pancreas were made after filling the stomach with 600 ml of fluid. In 27 subjects (75%) it was possible to evaluate the entire pancreas reliably, incl. the area of the dorsal segment. The gastric filling and positioning of the patients during examination improved in 47% the quality of the visualization, in particular in the left half of the pancreas. In three patients sonography revealed marked inflammatory changes in the entire gland. The applied examination procedure protracted the examination time of the pancreas to 30-40 minutes. Aimed ultrasonic examination with gastric filling is recommended as part of the examination procedure in subjects with pancreas divisum.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[Low opening of the cystic duct and parapapillary diverticula--a new syndrome?].

The authors proved in a group of 1574 patients (706 men and 868 women) with adequate filling of the bile ducts on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) that parapapillary diverticula (PPD) are significantly more frequent (p less than 0.001 for both sexes when there is a low opening of the cystic duct, i.e. less than 5 cm above the papilla on X-ray pictures made during ERCP. In women with PPD and a low opening of the cystic duct concrements in the biliary system are significantly more frequent than in PPD with a normal opening (p less than 0.05). The increased incidence of PPD in cases with a low opening of the cystic duct in the authors' patients cannot be ascribed to their age. The low opening of the cystic duct may act as a factor interfering with evacuation of bile and facilitating the formation of hypersaturated bile. During concomitant PPD the low opening of the cystic duct can facilitate and potentiate the action of lithogenic factors known in PPD.

Adult↗