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Biomedical subjects

P Fossati

Publications and source records attributed to P Fossati.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Hormone levels, celioscopy and ovarian histology in the hirsutism-anovulation syndrome].

Among 50 women with hirsutism, spanio- or amenorrhoea and anovulation, coelioscopy and histological examination of ovarian biopsies showed that 26 had typically polycystic ovaries (PCO), 17 had "borderline ovaries" (BO)--i.e. apparently normal or subnormal but with histological abnormalities identical to those of PCO--and 7 had normal ovaries. The hormonal profiles of BO and PCO were very similar. An increase in LH or in LH response to LHRH, which is regarded as characteristic of polycystic ovarian disease, was only observed in 75% of women with PCO or BO. The PCO and BO detection value of simple basal LH determination was slightly enhanced by the LHRH test, and no further enhancement was observed after repeated LHRH injections. 38% of PCO's and 75% of BO's were associated with adrenal hyperandrogenism, as evidenced by a rise in dehydroepiandrosterone values. Thus, more than one half of hirsute and non-ovulating women have polycystic ovaries. Most of these can be diagnosed by hormonal investigations without having recourse to coelioscopy. However, some do not display, at least permanently, the hormonal profile characteristic of polycystic ovarian disease.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1983

[Basal C peptide levels in response to intravenous tolbutamide in the detection of incorrect insulin therapy (or prolonged misuse)].

Fifty nine insulin dependant diabetics were hospitalised for a trial withdrawal of insulin: 17 patients rapidly showed signs of lack of insulin, 18 did not develop cetoacidosis but could not be stabilised on diet and oral hypoglycemic agents, 24 were stabilised without insulin. A statistical study (multifactorial analysis of correlations, plotting of ROC graphs) validated the classification of these diabetics into 3 groups. It also showed that in patients with hypoglycemia, the values of C-protein, and after intravenous injection of tolbutamide, were good predictive factors for insulin-dependance: all patients with basal C-protein less than 1,9 ng/ml could not be stabilised without insulin; when the basal C-protein greater than or equal to 1,9 ng/ml and the amplitude of response at the 5th min was greater than or equal to 0,4 ng/ml, the diabetes could be stabilised by diet and oral hypoglycemic agents in 90 p. 100 of cases. This institutes an easy, reliable and economic method of detecting abusive insulin therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Investigative strategy of hyperandrogenism in women.

Investigative procedures in the assessment of female hyperandrogenism are reviewed. Based on their experience, the authors suggest an inexpensive investigative strategy in hyperandrogenic females consisting of the following: the first step depends upon the clinical symptoms--in cases of hirsutism with regular menstrual cycles, plasma testosterone (T) and plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHA-S) are assayed, and the basal body temperature chart is recorded. In cases of hirsutism with irregular or anovulatory menstrual cycles, in addition to T and DHA-S, plasma 17-hydroxyprogesterone and urinary-free cortisol are assayed. In case of anovulation without hirsutism, T and DHA-S are assayed, and the LHRH test is performed. The results of this first investigation allow to attribute to the woman one of the six following hormone profiles: (1) metabolic hyperadrenalism; (2) tumoral hyperandrogenism; (3) 21-hydroxylase defect; (4) nontumoral DHA-S increase; (5) nontumoral ovarian hyperandrogenism; (6) idiopathic hirsutism. The additional investigative procedures required in each of these groups are detailed.

Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital↗
PubMed1983

[Profile of gonadal hormones in 8 cases of male anorexia nervosa studied before and during weight gain].

Hormonal investigations were performed in 8 cases of male anorexia nervosa at the time of their maximum emaciation. In 6 cases, these investigations were repeated during weight gain. At the time of the maximum emaciation, serum testosterone (T) was decreased in every case. Mean values of serum T, estradiol (E2), LH and FSH were significantly lower than those of controls with a comparable age and a normal weight. Four times out of five serum gonadotropins did not increase after LHRH injection. During weight gain, values of T, E2, LH, FSH and the gonadotropins' response to LHRH increased. T values and the corpulence index were significantly correlated (p less than 0,001), though these 2 parameters did not constantly change in a parallel way. Thus, male anorexia nervosa is associated with a severe hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. This hypogonadism results from weight loss, but also from other factors, especially psychosomatic ones.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Enzymic creatinine assay: a new colorimetric method based on hydrogen peroxide measurement.

We describe a new colorimetric method for measuring creatinine in serum and urine. Creatinine hydrolysis is catalyzed by creatinine amidohydrolase, and the creatine so produced is assayed in reactions catalyzed sequentially by creatine amidinohydrolase and sarcosine oxidase in a system that generates hydrogen peroxide. The hydrogen peroxide is measured at 510 nm in a reaction catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase, with 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid/4-aminophenazone as the chromogen. This series of reactions is complete in 30 min at room temperature. A blank sample measurement corrects for endogenous creatine. The standard curve is linear for creatinine concentrations as great as 2.21 mmol/L. Analytical recovery of creatinine in human sera and urine averaged 99.8%. Within-run and between-run precision studies gave CVs of less than or equal to 3.3 and less than or equal to 4.3% for a serum with a creatinine concentration of 69 mumol/L. Results by this method agree well (r greater than 0.99) with those by both the enzymic ultraviolet method of Wahlefeld and the fuller's earth/Jaffé method.

Benzenesulfonates↗
PubMed1982

[Blood prolactin in 845 cases of clinically idiopathic sexual dysfunction].

Serum prolactin levels were measured in 845 subjects presenting with clinically idiopathic sexual dysfunction, including impotence, premature or defective ejaculation and frigidity in women. Stimulation tests using thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) and sulpiride were performed in 80 men. One p. cent of impotent subjects had high serum prolactin levels associated with pituitary adenoma in 4/5 cases; 2.2% of impotent men, 10% of men with premature ejaculation and 5.6% of frigid women had moderate hyperprolactinaemia (50 ng/ml), probably not responsible for the sexual disorder. Mean serum prolactin levels were slightly below normal values (p less than 0.05) in impotent subjects. The results of stimulation tests were normal in all but one case. The mean area under the TRH response curve was moderately reduced in subject with impotence or defective ejaculation (p less than 0,05). The present study suggests that serum prolactin levels should be systematically measured in subjects with sexual impotence.

Female↗
PubMed1982

[Dopamine-secreting phaeochromocytoma. A little known clinical and biochemical entity (author's transl)].

The authors have observed a case of phaeochromocytoma revealed by fever and poor general condition without hypertension. Urinary catecholamine assays showed predominant dopamine secretion. Only 13 cases of dopamine-secreting phaeochromocytoma have been published so far, including 4 with clinical symptoms resembling those of this patient. The metabolic and hormonal effects of high plasma dopamine levels were studied, and responses similar to those observed with TRH stimulation by dopamine infusions were obtained: TSH and prolactin responses were inhibited, and GH was increased. This case underlines the need for catecholamine assays, including dopamine, in patients with unexplained fever and apparently non-secretory adrenal tumour.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Dupuytren's contracture and diabetes mellitus].

The literature suggests that the frequency of Dupuytren's disease is ten times greater in diabetes than in the general population. We have studied 42 diabetic patients with a contracture of the palmar fascia. Dupuytren's contracture can be considered a complication of diabetes and of the local neurovascular changes since both are often associated. The contracture is usually not severe in diabetes, is nodular in form, and usually crushes the palmar surface of the long and ring fingers. It is usually well tolerated by the patients and surgery is rarely indicated, particularly in view of the advanced age of many patients. In caring for patients with Dupuytren's disease, surgeons should also rule out the presence of diabetes with appropriate test.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Serum triglycerides determined colorimetrically with an enzyme that produces hydrogen peroxide.

In this direct colorimetric procedure, serum triglycerides are hydrolyzed by lipase, and the released glycerol is assayed in a reaction catalyzed by glycerol kinase and L-alpha-glycerol-phosphate oxidase in a system that generates hydrogen peroxide. The hydrogen peroxide is monitored in the presence of horseradish peroxidase with 3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid/4-aminophenazone as the chromogenic system. The high absorbance of this chromogen system at 510 nm affords useful results with a sample/reagent volume ratio as low as 1:150, and a blank sample measurement is not needed. A single, stable working reagent is used; the reaction is complete in 15 min at room temperature. The standard curve is linear for triglyceride concentrations as great as 13.6 mmol/L. Average analytical recovery of triglycerides in human sera is 100.1%, and within-run and between-run precision studies showed CVs of less than or equal to 1.6 and less than or equal to 3.0%, respectively. The method is suitable for automation.

Glycerol Kinase↗
PubMed1982

[Bromocriptine treatment of prolactinomas and primary hyperprolactinemia (author's transl)].

The therapeutic efficacy of bromocriptine was evaluated in 48 patients; 27 with macroadenomas (16 cases before and 10 cases after surgery, and 1 isolated case); 16 with suspected microadenomas; 5 cases with primary hyperprolactinaemia and a normal sella turcica, for which the product had been prescribed alone for 1 to 4 years. Pretreatment with bromocriptine may provide for postoperative recovery this never occurring after surgery alone, whether or not it is followed by radiotherapy. Though the therapeutic effect is usually constant in other cases, recovery is rarely obtained even after prolonged treatment; it was observed in only 2 of the 21 cases treated.

Adenoma↗