[Algodystrophy of the foot. Apropos of 199 cases].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to P Doury.
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This retrospective review presents the results of treating 199 patients with sympathetic reflex dystrophy of the foot: 141 of traumatic and 58 of non-traumatic origin. Calcitonin (177 patients) improved or cured 62.2 p. 100 of these patients and was equally effective for pseudo inflammatory and ischemic (cold) stages of the disease. Among the therapeutic means available, regional sympathetic blockade with guanethidine (49 patients, 163 treatments) provided 80 p. 100 improvement or cure, with twice as many patients in the hot phase as in the cold. All patients were cured: 75 p. 100 in less than a year, 4.6 p. 100 with moderate, non-handicapping sequelae. Normal activities were partially reinstituted 3.5 +/- 2.8 months (post-trauma) or 1.9 +/- 1 months (non-trauma) after treatment. They were completely possible 5 months after the end of treatment in both groups. In the trauma group, 73 patients had work-related accidents: their evolution was the same as that of the other patients in this group. When present, psychological background (35 p. 100 of the cases) only delayed progress in the non-traumatic group (9.9 vs 6.5 months).
From a personal case, the author reviews the literature on the subject of algodystrophy of the spine, 20 cases of which have been reported. This is one of the forms of "Kümmel-Verneuil syndrome, a clinical entity which has been unjustly neglected for 30 years. The diagnosis of spinal algodystrophy is easy when preceded or followed by a typical algodystrophy of the peripheral joints. It is much more difficult or even impossible if the algodystrophy only involves the spine. The positive diagnosis is based on specific criteria but one must always rule out spinal affections of inflammatory, infectious and neoplastic nature. The treatment is simple, including a brief immobilisation of the spine during the painful phase with calcitonin associated with an early and cautious physical therapy.
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Shoulder bursitis seldom appears in rheumatoid arthritis. It is usually associated with an involvement of the omohumeral joint but it may be isolate and sometimes indicative. The production of foreign bodies is very rare (3 published cases). We report about one observation of subacromiodeltoid bursitis with rice bodies, associated with rheumatoid arthritis following a severe evolution.
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Algodystrophy, which is commonly called "reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome" in English literature, is a common but very often unrecognized disease of the locomotor apparatus. This condition is characterized by pain with a transient, inconstant pseudo-inflammatory appearance, affecting to a variable degree the different tissue layers of one or several joint areas. Algodystrophy is often difficult to diagnose because the disease mimics the different diseases of the locomotor apparatus. The etiology, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of this condition is discussed.
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The authors report on 4 cases of particularly severe and extensive reflex neurovascular dystrophy, whose clinical course was marked by the onset of a malignant tumor, without any sign of improvement in the reflex neurovascular dystrophy, despite various therapeutic regimens, until the patient's death from malignancy. At this time, the authors compiled a total of 63 case reports (4 of which were reported) and have proposed a classification to differentiate 4 types of disorders in combination according to whether there is a very probable, probable, or possible link or whether the combination is strictly a coincidence. The pathogenic mechanism remains a mystery, when a link is observed; but it never corresponds to criteria to describe a paraneoplastic disorder. Finally, the authors insist on the practical value of detecting this combination, even if due to chance: in order to systematically detect cancer in the presence of any reflex neurovascular dystrophy, and especially to be conscious of a possible reflex neurovascular dystrophy, besides possible metastatic lesions, in the presence of osteoarticular pain present in a patient with cancer. Such a diagnosis, although difficult to realize, has great prognostic and therapeutic interest.