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Biomedical subjects

P David

Publications and source records attributed to P David.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Identification of risk factors of hypercholesterolemia in children--9-year follow-up].

According to the hypothesis that atherosclerosis originates in childhood, it would be important for preventive purpose to identify and correct its risk factors among children, particularly hypercholesterolemia; 116 children belonging to a cohort of 556 children were found with total cholesterol level of greater than or equal to 200 mg/dl at least once during the first three years of life. These children at risk for hypercholesterolemia were followed up after nine years and compared with a control group of children having total cholesterol level of below 200 mg/dl and matched by sex and age. Both groups were submitted to a clinical examination, blood lipid determination, anthropometric measurements and were tested for food consumption. The average levels of total cholesterol (CT), triglycerides (TG), LDL-cholesterol, Apo B and CT/HDL-cholesterol (IA), Apo A/Apo B ratios were significantly higher among the children at risk, but HDL-cholesterol was lower. Forty per cent of children at risk had the CT level greater than or equal to 190 mg/dl in comparison with 15% of controls. The proportion of IA greater than or equal to 4.5 was 30% for the group at risk versus 8% for controls. The supra-iliac skinfold thickness was higher among the children at risk. Likewise the mothers of children at risk had higher weight and Quetelet index than the controls. The energy intake provided by the saturated fatty acids was higher for the group at risk, having a CT greater than or equal to 200 mg/dl. The intake of proteins, carbohydrates and fibres was significantly different in the two groups. Amino-acids were consumed less among the children at risk. Only 10% of children follow the recommendation for the proportion of calories supplied by fats. These results suggest that the intervention should be undertaken on dietary habits of the child as well as of its family in order to lower the risk of hypercholesterolemia.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1987

Light and ultrastructural studies in sural biopsies of the pseudopolyneuropathic form of ALS.

The aim of this work was to study the neuropathological picture of the sural nerve in the pseudopolineuropathic form of A.L.S. Five patients were considered: in all cases the clinical and electromyographic follow-up excluded other diseases. EMG-studies were repeatedly performed: they showed the progressive evolution of the spinal anterior horn cell pathology from lower spinal to cervical levels. The sural nerve was processed according to the procedure used in our laboratory for light and ultrastructural examination. Quantitative analysis of myelinated fiber density was carried out on photographic enlargement and reported on histograms. The light and ultrastructural examination showed a severe loss of myelinated fibers; the decrease affected all types of fibers, but predominated in the largest ones. In the axons there was an increase of mitochondria, dilation of the small vesicles and increase in the number of neurofilaments. It is our opinion that all histopathologic data obtained in the sural nerve biopsy in this form of A.L.S. reveal a clear involvement of the sensory neurons of the spinal ganglia and the results can be useful for the study of precocius lesions in the A.L.S.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗
PubMed1987

Evolution of peripheral nerve function in hypoxaemic COPD patients taking almitrine bismesylate: a prospective long-term study.

Almitrine bismesylate has been thought to provoke peripheral neuropathies in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there seems to exist alterations of peripheral nerve function in patients with COPD, who have not taken almitrine. We have therefore examined 22 patients with COPD and no other cause of peripheral neuropathy (PN), before and after 6 and 12 months of treatment with almitrine (50 mg bd). Seventy-eight similar patients, who did not take almitrine, were also studied (controls). Sixty-four per cent of controls, and 55% of almitrine patients initially had at least one neurophysiological abnormality. There was no change in the studied parameters after 6 months and one year's treatment with almitrine.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Peripheral neuropathy in course of progressive systemic sclerosis. Light and ultrastructural study.

Progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the connective tissue with involvement of the skin and other organs. The disease is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of collagen in all tissues and by microangiopathy. The involvement of the peripheral nervous system during PSS is very unusual and few cases are reported in the literature. A morphological study on the neuropathy associated with sclerodermia has been performed in rare cases. In this paper we demonstrate the role that the vascular lesions have in the pathogenesis of neuropathy during scleroderma. In particular, the primary role of the peripheral microangiopathy during PSS (observed in different clinical cases) is verified.

Female↗
PubMed1986

[Amyloid pseudotumor disclosing non-secretory myeloma. Ultrastructural demonstration of the role of histiocytes in intratumoral amyloidogenesis].

A 69 year old woman presented initially with an amyloid tumour of the rib. Six months later, she developed a plasma cell tumour of the left acromion diagnosed as an IgG kappa myeloma. Electron microscopy of the initial costal lesion and the plasma cell tumour showed a close resemblance between the dystrophic plasmacytes, which had no morphological evidence of intracytoplasmic amyloid fibrils, and the histiocytes, many of which contained these fibrils and were probable sites of amyloid secretion. This suggests that the costal amyloid tumour was probably the result of transformation of a previous plasma cell tumour, and that intra-tumoural amyloid deposits have the same origin as the systemic amyloidosis observed in cases of multiple myeloma, i.e. the histiocyte.

Acromion↗
PubMed1986

Localization of protective 143/140 kDa antigens of Plasmodium knowlesi by the use of antibodies and ultracryomicrotomy.

Immune sera from mice immunized with the 143/140 kDa protein have been shown to partially block erythrocyte invasion by P. knowlesi merozoites. Therefore, immunoelectron microscopy utilizing ultracryomicrotomy, antibody to 143/140 kDa protein, and protein A gold particles were used to determine the precise localization of this protein in malarial parasites. Gold particles were not seen associated with young trophozoites but appeared in the parasite cytoplasm as the parasites grew to multi-nucleate schizonts. In presegmenter-schizonts, gold particles were associated with the well-developed endoplasmic reticulum, the parasite plasma membrane, and the parasitophorous vacuole membrane. The surface of merozoites was covered with gold particles. Maurer's clefts, which appeared in Plasmodium infected erythrocytes, were also associated with gold particles. These observations suggest that 143/140 kDa protective malarial proteins may be synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum of P. knowlesi schizonts before being transported to the surface of the schizonts and merozoites. Shedding of the merozoite surface coat may be responsible for the presence of the 143/140 kDa proteins in the parasitophorous vacuole and Maurer's clefts.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Adult pulmonary valvular stenosis, major stenosing right ventricular hypertrophy and tricuspid insufficiency. Apropos of 2 cases].

2 cases of severe pulmonary valvular stenosis in two young adults aged 21 and 29 years respectively are presented. Despite the degree of stenosis (4 mm jet), the right ventricular pressures did not exceed systemic pressures because of severe tricuspid regurgitation. This dominated the clinical and anatomical findings, causing aneurysmal dilatation of the right atrium and displacement of the tricuspid valve to the left. The diagnosis of Ebstein's anomaly was raised in one case but excluded by echocardiography and angiocardiography. In spite of the severity of the symptoms and peripheral clinical signs, surgery of the right ventricular outflow tract, tricuspid valvuloplasty and resection of part of the right atrium led to a complete and rapid cure, confirmed by catheterisation one month after operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Regional hemodynamic and metabolic consequences of temporo-sylvian anastomosis. Study of 15 patients by positron emission tomography].

Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF), Oxygen Extraction Fraction, and Oxygen utilization (CMRO2) have been studied in 15 patients before and After Extra-Intracranial Arterial bypass (EIAB), using PET and 150 steady-State Inhalation technique. Fourteen patients had carotid artery obstructive lesions and the last one a middle cerebral artery occlusion. In the whole group of patients, both CBF and CMRO2 increased significantly on both cerebral hemispheres after the EIAB. This effect was more marked in patients with extensive occlusive disease of neck vessels. This metabolic improvement afforded by EIAB in our patients suggests that long-standing hemodynamic failure may induce a metabolic depression that's still potentially reversible by surgical revascularization. On the other hand, improvement of focal CBF abnormalities depends, in our patients, upon the preoperative coupling of CBF-CMRO2 (mainly misery perfusion syndrome) as reported earlier.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of socioeconomic transformations on the nutritional status of children of the Cashibo tribe (Peruvian Amazonia)].

Investigation for malnutrition, carried out in Peruvian Amazonia, showed 16.4% of malnutrition among 98 children of the Indian Cashibo tribe. This rate is 4 times higher the rate recorded in an indian Brazilian tribe, which is protected and living aside the americano-latin civilization. Some aspects of the acculturation are discussed to explain such a difference.

Acculturation↗