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Biomedical subjects

P Costello

Publications and source records attributed to P Costello.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Multilayer film analysis: evaluation of ion-selective electrolyte slides.

We evaluated the Kodak Ektachem multilayer ion-selective electrolyte slides. For various types and concentrations of control material the precision (CV) within- and between-day ranged from 0.5 to 1.3% (1.7-2.1%) for sodium, 1.2 to 2.2% (2.7-2.9%) for potassium, 2.9 to 4.6% (5.9-6.7%) for carbon dioxide, and 0.7 to 1.6% (1.3-1.4%) for chloride. For all these analytes, analytical recovery was about 100%, except in the supra-physiological ranges, for which carbon dioxide recovery was about 110-120%. Either serum or heparin-treated plasma can be used, interchangeably, for analysis; use of serum treated with lithium iodoacetate is unacceptable. Comparisons with results by continuous-flow procedures demonstrated good correlation for sodium, potassium, and chloride; carbon dioxide comparisons indicate an Ektachem calibrator change may be required. Abnormally low protein concentrations or lipemia had no observed effects on results for electrolytes. Abnormally high protein concentrations affect sodium results slightly (approximately 5 mmol/L).

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1983

Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage. Complications due to multiple duct obstructions.

The medical histories of fifty-three consecutive patients who were scheduled for percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) were reviewed for incidents of sepsis. Among the 52 patients who were successfully catheterized, there were 14 incidents of sepsis, three incidents of abscess and sepsis, and two incidents of sepsis following a pulled catheter (a total incidence of 36.5%). In 14 instances, the sepsis was attributed primarily to the presence of enteric bacteria combined with bile stasis caused by multiple duct obstruction from disseminated malignancy. The presence of bacteria in the bile of well-drained patients did not necessarily lead to sepsis. This series highlights the importance of medical alert for signs of sepsis in biliary drainage patients and suggests that external drainage is preferable in patients with incomplete emptying of the biliary system during PTBD.

Abscess↗
PubMed1982

CT-guided biopsy: a simplified approach.

A technique of CT-assisted biopsy using the grid reference system and light lasers is described. Ten lung and 13 abdominal biopsies were performed. Advantages of the method include simplicity, speed, and reproducibility. The advantages of CT thoracic biopsy over conventional fluoroscopy are discussed.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1981

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia.

Eleven patients with exogenous lipoid pneumonia are reported. A history of usage of oil was obtained in all, but in five only retrospectively after thoracotomy. The clinical presentations ranged from occasional cough to severe respiratory difficulties. The radiologic manifestations varied from a solitary lipoid granuloma and larger consolidations simulating carcinoma to extensive subacute bronchopneumonia. The definitive diagnosis was made by history and radiographic findings in three, by history and analysis of sputum or bronchial washings in two, and after thoracotomy in six.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Varicosities of renal venous system.

A forty-four-year-old woman was evaluated for filling defects in the renal pelvis by intravenous pyelography and was found to have varicosities of the renal vein by renal vein angiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Radiographic features of recurrent intrathoracic Hodgkin's disease following radiation therapy.

Of 254 consecutive, surgically staged, IA-IIIB Hodgkin's disease patients treated at the Joint Center for Radiation Therapy between April 1969 and July 1976, 21 developed intrathoracic relapses. This study evaluated the radiographic features of relapse in these 21 patients. The superior mediastinum (nine patients) and the lung parenchyma (10) were the most frequent sites of involvement. In contrast to patients who initially had Hodgkin's disease, extranodal lung relapses were not associated with radiographically detectable relapses in the hilum or mediastinum. The appearance of the pulmonary relapses included both single and multiple nodules, with or without cavitation, and with both sharp and irregular margins. Due to this nonspecific appearance at relapse, tissue should be obtained in patients suspected of having recurrent Hodgkin's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Pulmonary actinomycosis. A report of three cases.

The diagnosis of thoracic actinomycosis is readily made when the patient presents with the constellation of poor oral hygiene, pulmonary infiltrates, empyema, sinus tracts, and osteomyelitis of the ribs. However, in the absence of rib and chest wall involvement, the disease may be overlooked. Three cases of primary pulmonary actinomycosis are presented showing three different pulmonary forms of the disease and comprising (a) subacute patchy pulmonary infiltrates, (b) a cavitary lesion simulating tuberculosis, and (c) a central mass lesion simulating bronchogenic carcinoma.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1978

Radionuclide emission computed tomography of the body of laboratory animals.

Selective studies in the monkey and baboon demonstrate the normal physiologic distribution of 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals using single-photon emission computed tomography. The cases demonstrated the ability of the Cleon Transverse Section Brain Imager TM to do emission computed tomography of various organs. This experience shows what can be expected when equipment for emission computed tomography of the body becomes available for patient studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The angiography of intrarenal leiomyoma.

A patient with a leiomyoma of the kidney was studied by ultrasound, intravenous pyelography and angiography. Only three renal leiomyomas have been investigated by angiography. The angiographic features of our patient's tumor differed from these others, being much more vascular with multiple tortuous vessels and an inhomogeneous capillary phase.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Problems in the diagnosis of adrenal tumors.

The angiographic findings of cortical nodular hyperplasia, adenolipoma, and intracaval extension of recurrent pheochromocytoma were correlated with the pathological findings. Adenolipoma was angiographically similar to other adrenal neoplasms, adding difficulties to its differential diagnosis. Two cases of cortical nodular hyperplasia showed possibly pathognomonic patterns of discrete vascular cortical accumulations of contrast media which represent capillary malformations within the hyperplastic nodules. Intracaval extension of recurrent pheochromocytoma was found to be similar to other tumors which invade veins.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1977

Subselective angiography in localizing insulinomas of the pancreas.

Preoperative angiography was performed on 10 patients who had insulin-producing islet cell adenomas. Eight of the 10 islet cell tumors were localized. Seven of the eight adenomas were demonstrated only on subselective injections into the small intrapancreatic arteries, and one was demonstrated by a selective injection into a large artery. Failure to localize two islet cell adenomas was probably caused by the inability to subselect the small intrapancreatic arteries supplying the tumor. One tumor was seen only with subtraction techniques, which were used in all cases. Localization was not related to vascularity, size of tumor, or location within the pancreas. Vasoconstrictive pharmacoangiography was not helpful; magnification was helpful but not essential. The most important factor in localizing islet cell tumors is demonstrating the complete pancreatic blood supply with subselective injections into the small intrapancreatic arteries supplying the tumor (inferior and superior pancreaticoduodenal and dorsal arteries).

Adenoma↗