Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Costa

Publications and source records attributed to P Costa.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Clinical experience with etomidate].

The effects of Etomidate, a new intravenous anaesthetic agent, were studied in 138 cases which underwent different procedures of variable duration under general anaesthesia. The effects on different organs and systems of this drug, alone or in association with other anaesthetics or adjuvants, were analyzed in this series. Clinical signs, plethysmography and electroencephalography were the main parameters studied. It was shown that Etomidate has a rapid, transient action and a high therapeutic index without any cumulative effects. In conclusion this drug is recommended as an excellent induction agent which could also be advantageously employed for short surgical procedures.

Anesthesia, Intravenous↗
PubMed1980

[Catheterization of the subclavian vein by the supra- and subclavicular routes. Retrospective study in 105 patients].

Central venous catheterisation via the supraclavicular and subclavicular route was performed in 61 and 44 cases respectively at the department's intensive therapy unit. A statistical assessment was made of the modalities of application, complications, time of indwelling, and reasons for removal. A large number of more serious complications (pneumothorax, haemothorax, arterial puncture) were noted with the supraclavicular technique, whereas subclavian catheterisation permitted longer residence times and was rarely responsible for serious disturbances, even though there were more instances of poor positioning. A preference is expressed for the second method. Mention is also made of employment of the internal jugular in recent cases, though these are not yet sufficiently numerous to enable any conclusions to be drawn.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1979

[Problems in the emergency surgical treatment of bleeding esophageal varices].

An examination is made of a series of emergency operations carried out in the period 1974-78 to arrest haemorrhage due to the rupture of oesophageal varices. An account is given of the personal criteria employed in the choice of candidates and the type of surgical management. Stress is laid on the need for greater aggressivity. In addition, support is expressed for the porto-systemic shunts, especially shunts of the porto-cava and meso-cava type. These are superior to other forms on account of their easy and rapid execution.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗
PubMed1979

[Problems in emergency surgery: rupture of the spleen in 2 stages. Apropos of 4 cases].

Six cases of delayed rupture of the spleen in two stages are described. One case of occult rupture is also presented. A picture of acute anaemia was observed in the five two-stage cases, whereas the occult rupture was diagnosed as organised splenic haematoma following computerised scintiscanning, arteriography and tomography. Splenectomy was performed in all cases, under emergency conditions in the first five, and of choice in the sixth. No post-operative complications were noted.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1979

[Problems in emergency surgery: segmental portal hypertension].

Three typical cases of segmental portal hypertension due to occlusion of the splenic vein are reported. This syndrome may be asymptomatic for a very long time and then present suddenly in the form of a serious picture of high digestive haemorrhage due to rupture of the varices of the fundus of the stomach as a result of hypertrophized submucous collateral drainage circulation. Useful for diagnosis are oesophagogastroduodenoscopy, which points to stomach varices, and splenoportography or superselective arteriography of the splenic artery with venous phase, which highlight pathognomonic dilatation and tortuosity of the gastroepiploic veins. Surgical exploration typically shows: presence of large epipolic vessels, splenomegaly, absence of changes in the liver and in the portal and mesenteric circulation. Resolutive treatment of choice is splenectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Total resection of distal femur or proximal tibia for bone tumours. Autogenous bone grafts and arthrodesis in twenty-six cases.

Resection of the distal femur or proximal tibia en bloc has been performed on twenty-six patients with primary bone tumours. The gap was filled with autogenous bone grafts stabilised with a long intramedullary nail, thus arthrodesing the knee. In two cases temporary stabilisation with a Küntscher rod and acrylic cement was adopted because of adjuvant chemotherapy. Union was achieved in twenty-four cases (92 per cent). Infection was the main and practically the only major complication, occurring in five (19 per cent) of the cases: it healed with union in three, healed with non-union in one, and led to an above-knee amputation in the fifth case. Follow-up has been from one to eight years with an average of four years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Age, smoking inhalation, and pulmonary function.

This study examined the relative effects of age and smoking on pulmonary function. Smoking was measured by six smoking variables, taken singly and as a composite. Subjects were 1,516 male participants in the Normative Aging Study. A stepwise multiple regression with vital capacity (VC) and forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1.0) as the criteria accounted for 24.4% and 28.3% of the variance, respectively. Two-way analyses of variance showed that the age decline in pulmonary function was substantially greater for high inhalers than it was for low inhalers or nonsmokers. Age and the inhalation index were also noticeably and independently related to a decline in pulmonary function.

Age Factors↗