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P Coleman

Publications and source records attributed to P Coleman.

126 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Comparison of large unilamellar vesicles prepared by a petroleum ether vaporization method with multilamellar vesicles: ESR, diffusion and entrapment analyses.

Large unilamellar vesicles, prepared by a petroleum ether vaporization method, were compared to multilamellar vesicles with respect to a number of physical and functional properties. Rotational correlation time approximations, derived from ESR spectra of both hydrophilic (3-doxyl cholestane) and hydrophobic (3-doxyl androstanol) steroid spin probes, indicated similar molecular packing of lipids in bilayers of multilamellar and large unilamellar liposomes. Light scattering measurements demonstrated a reduction in apparent absorbance of large unilamellar vesicles, suggesting loss of multilamellar structure which was confirmed by electron microscopy. Furthermore, large unilamellar vesicles exhibited enhanced passive diffusion rates of small solutes, releasing a greater percentage of their contents within 90 min than multilamellar vesicles, and reflecting the less restricted diffusion of a unilamellar system. The volume trapping capacity of large unilamellar vesicles far exceeded that of multilamellar liposomes, except in the presence of a trapped protein, soy bean trypsin inhibitor, which reduced the volume of the aqueous compartments of large unilamellar vesicles. Finally, measurement of vesicle diameters from electron micrographs of large unilamellar vesicles showed a vesicle size distribution predominantly in the range of 0.1--0.4 micron with a mean diameter of 0.21 micron.

Chromates↗
PubMed1977

Sudden infant death.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Legislation, Medical↗
PubMed1975

Teratogenic effects of Colorado tick fever virus in mice.

The teratogenic effects in mice of Colorado tick fever (CTF) virus, a human pathogen, were demonstrated. Various routes of inoculation, gestational periods, and dosages of virus were studied. The incidence of stillbirth and neonatal death increased significantly after inoculation of pregnant mice with CTF virus. CTF virus crossed the placenta and replicated to high titers in the placental and fetal tissues. Mice that survived the first six weeks of life had neutralizing antibody to CTF virus. Neutralization tests, in which pregnant mice were inoculated with both CTF virus and specific antiserum to CTF virus, validated the teratogenic effects of CTF virus in mice.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Altering TestPack Chlamydia sampling swab decreases testing time.

TestPack Chlamydia protocol time was reduced from 25 min to 15 min by altering the swab used to collect endocervical specimens for direct immunoassay detection of Chlamydia trachomatis. The clinical performance of the two TestPack Chlamydia protocols was statistically equivalent when evaluated with 607 paired endocervical specimens.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis antigens in male urethral swabs and urines with a microparticle enzyme immunoassay.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: More information is needed on the natural history of Chlamydia trachomatis urethral infections in men. Newer assays for detecting antigens in male first void urine and urethral swabs identify patients for control programs. A new microparticle enzyme immunoassay from Abbott Laboratories called IMX Select Chlamydia was evaluated and compared with culture and an expanded gold standard for sensitivity and specificity. STUDY DESIGN: Paired samples of first void urine and two urethral swabs were tested from 230 men, 73% of whom had symptoms of urethritis. Both specimen types were tested with IMX Select, the other swab was cultured, and a part of the first void urine was tested by Chlamydiazyme enzyme immunoassay. Performance calculations were made against urethral culture and an expanded gold standard that included direct fluorescent staining of discordant specimens by Microtrak. RESULTS: Compared with urethral swab culture, the IMX Select test performed on urethral swabs and first void urine had sensitivities of 93.8% and 81.3%, and specificities of 95.2% and 95.7%, respectively. Calculations of sensitivity and specificity based on the expanded gold standard were: IMX Select on urethral swabs, 88.5% and 99.4%; IMX Select on first void urine, 80.8% and 100%; Chlamydiazyme after blocking confirmation on first void urine, 73.1% and 100%; culture on urethral swabs, 61.5% and 100%. CONCLUSION: This IMX Select Chlamydia enzyme immunoassay, which generates laboratory results within 2 hours, performed better than culture and an established enzyme immunoassay on male urethral swabs. The experimental first void urine protocol showed promise for noninvasive male testing.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rectal examination in hospital patients.

Rectal examination should be part of the initial examination of the patient especially those who are over the age of 50 and/or those with gastro intestinal and genito-urinary symptoms. We assessed the rate of rectal examinations carried out on acute general medical and surgical admissions over the age of 50 years.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Progress toward the elimination of hepatitis B virus transmission among health care workers in the United States.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a well-recognized occupational risk for health care workers (HCWs). Vaccination coverage, disease trends, and the need for booster doses after hepatitis B vaccination of adults have been the subject of intense study during the 15 years of the vaccine's availability. METHODS: Vaccination coverage of HCWs was determined from a review of medical records on a sample of employees from 113 randomly selected hospitals. The number of HBV infections among HCWs and the general US population for 1983 through 1995 was estimated from national surveillance data. Studies on long-term protection after hepatitis B vaccination of adults were reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 2837 employee medical records were reviewed; 2532 employees (90%) were eligible to receive hepatitis B vaccine, and 66.5% of them (95% confidence interval, 61.9%-70.9%) had received 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine. Vaccination coverage was highest (75%) for personnel with frequent exposure to infectious body fluids (phlebotomists, laboratory personnel, and nursing staff) and lowest (45%) for employees at low risk for exposure (dietary and clerical staff). The number of HBV infections among HCWs declined from 17,000 in 1983 to 400 in 1995. The 95% decline in incidence observed among HCWs is 1.5-fold greater than the reduction in incidence in the general US population. Studies on long-term protection demonstrate that vaccine-induced protection persists at least 11 years even when titers of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen decline below detectable levels. CONCLUSIONS: Although a high percentage of HCWs have been fully vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine, efforts need to be made to improve this coverage. There has been a dramatic decrease in the number of HBV infections among HCWs who are now at lower risk of HBV infection than the general US population. Vaccine-induced protection persists at least 11 years and booster doses are not needed at this time for adults who have responded to vaccination.

Adult↗