Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Chapman

Publications and source records attributed to P Chapman.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

A controlled trial of misonidazole in the curative treatment of infiltrating bladder cancer.

Between 1980 and 1983 a total of 89 patients with infiltrating transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were entered in a multi centre randomised controlled clinical trial with either misonidazole or placebo added to the first 40.00 Gy of radiotherapy. Depending on their referring clinican, patients then completed treatment with either further radiotherapy to a radical dose, or surgery four weeks later. All patients have been followed up for a minimum of three years, and no significant difference has been found in local control, survival, or pathological downstaging of the tumour. The neurotoxicity was considerable, with 43% of patients receiving misonidazole developing a peripheral neuropathy, starting five weeks on average after beginning treatment, and with a mean duration of 27 months. Eighty per cent of patients affected still had peripheral neuropathy at three years or their prior death. There is a suggestion that alcohol may predispose to the neuropathy. This study failed to show any benefit of misonidazole in tumour control and produced unacceptably high levels of toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Extended use of the Mustardé dancing man procedure.

Webs other than epicanthal folds can be corrected by the Mustardé "dancing man" procedure. A series of 20 patients is presented in whom this method has been used to correct either minor degrees of congenital syndactyly or burn scar contractures in fingers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Traumatic spondylolysis--a case report.

The repeated minor stress of sport can produce a fatigue fracture of the neural arch. A case of unilateral spondylolysis progressing to bilateral defects and developing spondylolisthesis is described. A review of the literature is presented and the aetiology of spondylolysis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Giant cell granuloma of the orbit with intracranial extension.

An 8-year-old boy presented with acute proptosis of the right eye. Examination revealed 8 mm of exophthalmos, limitation of upward gaze, optic disc swelling, and normal visual acuity, but an inferonasal quadrantic visual field defect. Orbital ultrasound and computed tomographic scanning demonstrated a superotemporal tumor of the right orbit with intracranial extension. At operation, this proved to be a "reparative" giant cell granuloma. After partial resection, the remaining mass resolved spontaneously without further specific treatment. There had been no recurrence at the 1-year follow-up examination.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Operation corporate--the Sir Galahad bombing. Woolwich Burns Unit experience.

During Military Operations in the South Atlantic to recover the Falkland Islands in 1982, the troopship Sir Galahad was bombed. Initial treatment of the injured in field medical units was followed by transfer to the hospital ship SS Uganda and evacuation to the United Kingdom where 48 patients were treated in the Burns and Plastics Unit, Queen Elizabeth Military Hospital, Woolwich. The treatment of these patients is described and the management of war burns discussed.

Burns↗
PubMed1984

Amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity.

Amiodarone hydrochloride, an investigational drug used to suppress ventricular arrhythmias, may cause pulmonary toxicity with associated radiographic abnormalities. Two patients are presented who illustrate the variability of these abnormalities. One of these patients died of respiratory failure while the other recovered after amiodarone was stopped and corticosteroid therapy was started.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Monoclonal antibodies to two mouse bladder carcinoma antigens.

Carcinomas of the urinary bladder of mice were induced by 3-methyl-cholanthrene or fanft [(4-5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thioazolyl formamide]. On transplantation in vivo, tumor lines consisting of well-differentiated transitional-cell carcinomas were established. Some tumors were also explanted in vitro. A rat was immunized with a pool of carcinomas and normal bladder tissue and its spleen cells were hybridized with NS-l mouse myeloma cells. Supernatants of hybrid cells ("hybridomas") were screened for antibody binding to antigens present in bladder carcinomas but not in normal syngeneic urinary bladder, with cell extracts as targets. Hybridomas that appeared to have the required specificity were cloned, tested further against transitional-cell bladder carcinomas, an anaplastic bladder tumor, rhabdomyosarcomas, a mammary carcinoma, myelomas and lymphomas, and normal adult urinary bladder, kidney, lung, spleen, heart, brain, thymus, and whole embryo. Antibody formed by one hybridoma, 2H5, gave significant binding to membranes from five of seven transitional-cell carcinomas but not to membranes from many other tissues. A second hybridoma, IE6, formed antibody to an antigen present in bladder carcinomas and normal liver and, in smaller amounts, in several other normal and neoplastic tissues. Fluorescence microscopy established that both antigens were present at the cell surface of transitional-cell bladder carcinomas. Immunoprecipitation and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used to identify the target antigens from 125I-labelled cell membrane proteins. The antibody formed by 2H5 was found to identify a protein with a molecular weight in the range of 140 kilodaltons, which was detected in transitional-cell bladder. The molecular nature of the antigen defined by hybridoma IE6 is not known.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Results and prognostic factors in salvage surgery for squamous carcinomas of the tongue.

Fifty-six patients who had undergone salvage surgery for residual or recurrent squamous carcinomas of the tongue between 1967 and 1977 were reviewed. Failure to obtain operative clearance led to certain local recurrence. The tongue or cervical lymph nodes were involved in 27 of the 28 patients who died with recurrent tumour. The overall age-corrected actuarial postoperative survival was 45.1 per cent at 2 years and 35.3 per cent at 5 years. Survival was reduced in women and patients aged over 60 years at operation, and in patients whose tumors were at first biopsy moderately or poorly differentiated, classified as stage III or IV at initial presentation or preoperatively, or recurred within 6 months of completing primary treatment.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1982

The results of treatment of laryngeal cancer in Auckland New Zealand 1965-1979.

A retrospective review of laryngeal cancer in Auckland over the period 1965-1979 has revealed a generally poorer prognosis for supraglottic cancer than for glottic cancer. The use of radiotherapy for supraglottic cancer and for advanced glottic cancer has not been as successful as primary surgery but has yielded good results in early glottic carcinoma. Salvage surgery after failed radiotherapy was significantly more successful for glottic tumours than supraglottic. Stomal recurrence was more likely if a patient had required an emergency tracheotomy for airway obstruction.

Adult↗