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Biomedical subjects

P Carson

Publications and source records attributed to P Carson.

89 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1971

Left ventricular wall movement in heart failure.

Of 34 patients admitted to hospital with left ventricular failure seven died before echocardiograms could be repeated after treatment and in three no echocardiograms could be obtained owing to chronic obstructive lung disease. In the remaining 24 patients echocardiograms were taken soon after admission and compared with echocardiograms taken later, after clinical improvement. The results show that in most patients both anterior and posterior motion of the posterior left ventricular wall increased. The rate of backward diastolic motion was appreciably less before and after treatment of heart failure compared with that in a small group of normal younger healthy men. This technique is a quick and apparently reliable way to assess ventricular function. The rate of diastolic motion is probably a reflection of left ventricular wall compliance.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A retrospective chart review of uncontrolled use of metformin as an add-on therapy in type 2 diabetes.

The hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and obesity syndrome associated with type 2 diabetes can have debilitating consequences. The biguanide metformin has a mechanism of action that is complementary to those of insulin and the sulfonylureas, suggesting that combination therapy that includes metformin may result in improved glycemic control. The purpose of this retrospective chart review was to determine the effects of adding metformin in an uncontrolled fashion to existing therapy in obese patients with type 2 diabetes who had suboptimal glycemic control and insulin resistance. For the review, the records of 124 patients were divided into two groups: group 1 included 71 patients who were taking insulin with or without a sulfonylurea, and group 2 consisted of 53 patients who were taking a sulfonylurea alone. Metformin was added to patients' existing therapy in conjunction with downward titration of the sulfonylurea and insulin doses. A retrospective chart review was conducted at the end of 6 months for group 1 and at the end of 12 months for group 2 to determine the change from baseline in measures of diabetes control (ie, insulin and sulfonylurea dose, glycated hemoglobin [Hb A1c] value, body mass index [BMI], and lipid profiles). In group 1, the mean insulin dose decreased from 46.4 U/d at baseline to 6.1 U/d at the end of follow-up. Eighty-three percent of the patients were able to discontinue insulin therapy completely. Similarly, group 2 had statistically significant reductions in mean sulfonylurea dose. Both groups also achieved statistically significant reductions in Hb A1c, BMI, and total cholesterol level. The addition of metformin to treatment with insulin or sulfonylureas, either alone or in combination, significantly improved glycemic control and cholesterol levels and promoted weight loss in obese type 2 diabetic patients with insulin resistance. Less than 5% of patients reported mild, transient gastrointestinal side effects, none of which required cessation of metformin therapy. Five patients discontinued metformin due to lack of efficacy.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characterization of transmitted motion in fetal lung: quantitative analysis.

A simple two-dimensional analytic model is evaluated for transmitted cardiac motion in fetal lung. The model treats the latter as being an incompressible viscoelastic medium. The mean radial deformation in an elastic medium is demonstrated to depend on a length parameter l approximately square root of mu/rho omega 2, where mu, rho, and omega correspond to elastic shear modulus, mass density, and frequency of cardiac motion, respectively. Digitized M-mode images are demonstrated as a feasible method to measure such deformations in vivo. Data for two patients are presented to illustrate the technique.

Elasticity↗