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Biomedical subjects

P Canton

Publications and source records attributed to P Canton.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Post-transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis after cardiac surgery. Prospective analysis of donor blood anti-HBc antibody as a predictive indicator of the occurrence of non-A, non-B hepatitis in recipients.

We prospectively studied the incidence of post-transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis in 64 cardiac surgery patients: 4 (6.25%) developed non-A, non-B hepatitis after an incubation period of 4-10 weeks. Units of blood products from donors seropositive for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) were not associated with a greater risk of non-A, non-B hepatitis in recipients than units from seronegative donors. Our data indicate that donor blood anti-HBc testing is of no value as a screening method to reduce the incidence of post-transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical evaluation of timentin in intensive care].

16 patients admitted to a MICU were treated with timentin (ticarcillin + clavulanic acid) for bacterial infections: 11 cases of pulmonary infection, 3 cases of urinary tract infection, 2 septic shocks, 3 septicemias and 1 case of multifocal infection. The pathogens considered as a firmly established cause of infection were: 5 Acinetobacter, 12 Pseudomonas, 3 Serratia, 4 Klebsiella, 1 E. coli, 2 Proteus, 1 Providencia, 1 Staphylococcus aureus, 1 Staphylococcus epidermidis, 1 Streptococcus D and 1 Flavobacterium meningosepticum. The susceptibility of these pathogens to ticarcillin and timentin is reported. Timentin was prescribed alone in 9 cases and associated (with an aminoglycoside) in 7, in a daily dose of 9 to 18 g, for 6 to 45 days. 3 patients died. The value of timentin in infections due to multiresistant MICU pathogens is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Prophylactic antibiotic therapy using oxacillin in peripheral vascular surgery of the lower limbs. Preliminary results].

The rate of postoperative infections in lower limb vascular surgery was first evaluated in a retrospective study of 416 bypass procedures (68 venous grafts and 348 prosthetic grafts) in 400 patients seen over a two-year period. 31 postoperative infections (7.4%) were found. Outcome was fatal in three cases. 70% of cases were due to a methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotic prophylaxis with oxacillin given during surgery and for the first 48 postoperative hours was used for the next 112 procedures (17 venous grafts and 95 prosthetic grafts) in 107 patients. The preliminary results show a fall in the rate of postoperative infection, with only 5 cases (4.4%). The only case due to a methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus occurred after a second surgical procedure without antibiotic prophylaxis. These preliminary results are promising although the difference does not reach statistical significance. However, it is of note that no patient undergoing vascular surgery for the first time developed postoperative infection. Further prospective studies are needed to determine the optimal antibiotic prophylaxis in lower limb vascular surgery.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1984

[Role of azlocillin in the treatment of Pseudomonas urinary infections].

Ten cases of urinary tract infection (6 acute and 3 relapsing) treated with azlocillin are reported. Nine patients had a history of urinary tract catheterization or in-dwelling catheter and 6 had previously undergone surgery. Prior to receiving azlocillin, 6 of the patients had been unsuccessfully treated with other antibiotics. Renal function was altered in 6 cases. Azlocillin was administered intravenously in doses of 5 grams three times or twice a day for periods ranging from 8 days (in 2 cases) to 26 days. The antibiotic was given alone in all but 2 cases where it was associated with amikacin. Excellent clinical and bacteriological results were obtained in 9 of the 10 cases, with only one failure. No local, systemic or biochemical side-effect was recorded. Bacteriological results were most satisfactory. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of azlocillin were lower than those of carbenicillin in all cases. Sensitivity of azlocillin was even good in 3 and intermediate in 2 of the 5 cases where Pseudomonas was indifferent or resistant to carbenicillin. In spite of the small number of cases in this series, these results indicate that azlocillin ranks among antibiotics that are effective in urinary tract infections due to Pseudomonas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Bacteriologic, clinical and kinetic evaluation of cefmenoxime (SCE 1365) in the treatment of 68 cases of septicemia. A multicenter trial].

Cefmenoxime (SCE 1365), a new broad-spectrum, third generation cephalosporin was used in the treatment of 68 patients with bacteremia. Cefmenoxime was given as monotherapy to 63 patients in a mean daily dosage of 3 g (range: 1 to 6 g). 63 successes were recorded. Results were inconclusive in the remaining five cases. General and biological tolerance of cefmenoxime was excellent.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Value of the assay of 4 urinary enzyme activities in the diagnosis of the infectious or toxic (aminoglycosides) origin of a renal disease. Preliminary results].

Occurrence of a renal failure in an infected patient may be referred to various causes: infection, renal toxicity of drugs (for instance aminoglycosides), shock . . . Determination of some urinary enzymatic activities might be helpful in unravelling the mechanism involved in such cases. Therefore a prospective study of the specificity of some urinary enzymatic activities was performed. The whole LDH activity, the LDH isoenzyme 5 (LDH 5), and two lysosomal enzymes, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and beta-glucuronidase (beta-GLU) were dosed systematically, in several groups of patients: I (n = 34): healthy control, with normal renal function; II (n = 24): renal impairment, without recent upper urinary-tract infection (UTI) or aminoglycoside treatment; III (n = 27): upper UTI without aminoglycoside treatment, IV (n = 22): patients treated with aminoglycosides (without upper UTI); V (n = 16): upper UTI treated with aminoglycosides. Results showed a rather good specificity of whole LDH and LDH 5 for infectious kidney damage, and of NAG for tubular injury due to aminoglycoside treatments. Values of urinary beta-glucuronidase varied over a wide range; they were little increased in group III, without a great discriminative value. No significant difference was noted between group I and group II, for any enzyme whatever.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1982

Treatment by plasma exchange of a patient with hyperlipidemia and diabetic ketoacidosis with lesional pulmonary edema and acute pancreatitis.

The authors report a case of severe hypertriglyceridemia (148.5 mmol/l) in a 27-year-old woman admitted for coma of unknown origin. Initial investigations revealed ketoacidosis, pancreatitis and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. The diabetes was unknown. Ketoacidosis was rapidly controlled. The hypertriglyceridemia was corrected by one course of plasma exchange (4,400 ml) during which the patient returned to consciousness. The patient recovered without any sequelae. Only 2 similar cases, treated by plasma exchange, have been reported in the literature until now.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

[Treatment of alveolar echinococcosis with flubendazole. Pharmacological study (author's transl)].

Several publications mention a relative efficacy of flubendazole in the treatment of alveolar echinococcosis of the liver (AE). It may seem surprising, being considered the poor intestinal absorption of this drug. A study of the plasma levels was performed in 6 patients, during the treatment with oral flubendazole (approximatively 50 mg/kg/24 h) : 3 patients with normal or subnormal liver functions, 1 hydatidosis and 2 clinically nearly latent AE (group I) ; 3 patients with a highly developed AE (group II). The levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. In the group I, the plasma levels were very low, more often inferior to 3 ng/ml, without distinct peaks. In the group II, the valley levels were higher than 0 ng/ml, and the peaks ranged from 47,4 to 50,4 ng/ml (1 to 3 hours after an intake). The increase in the dosage allowed higher levels, as opposed to previous assertions. The bile and faeces concentrations, as well as the urinary elimination, were studied in a patient with external biliary drainage. The intramusculary injectable flubendazole was used in a patient, without benefit as far as plasma levels are concerned.

Anticestodal Agents↗
PubMed1982

[Pulmonary and cutaneous lesions and terminal ileitis in a 11-year-old child: an exceptional case (author's transl)].

A 11-year-old child presented with terminal ileitis associated with pulmonary lesions showing periodic progression. The initial thoracic disorder developed two years before radiological evidence of the ileitis, the second episode coinciding with the diagnosis of the ileal lesion. Pulmonary lesions progressed simultaneously with the clinical signs of digestive tract disturbances, which are now stabilized. The exceptional cases of respiratory affections in Crohn's disease reported in the published literature are reviewed. The diagnosis of these little known associations is still further complicated by the fact that iatrogenic pulmonary affections can sometimes be induced by Salazopyrin, employed to treat this disease.

Child↗