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Biomedical subjects

P Beaufils

Publications and source records attributed to P Beaufils.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Effect of nitroglycerin and N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-morpholinosydnonomine on the walls of large arteries].

Systemic arterial compliance was measured in 20 patients with left ventricular failure due to congestive cardiomyopathy. The method consisted in evaluating arterial compliance by analysing the exponential fall of the arterial pressure curve on a simple visco-elastic model. In the patient group, significant correlations were found between arterial compliance and age (r = 0,64 ; p less than 0,01) and arterial compliance and systolic blood pressure (r = -0,58 ; p less than 0,001). These relationships suggest that arterial compliance depends on the height of the systolic blood pressure and/or the elasticity of the arterial walls. Two groups of patients were defined : Group I (10 patients) given a single oral dose of 7,5 mg of nitroglycerine (Lenitral), and Group II (10 patients) giben a single oral dose of 4 mg N ethoxycarbonyl-3-morpholinosydnonomine (Molsidomine). There was no significant difference in the hemodynamic parameters or arterial compliance between the two groups before administration of these drugs. However, systolic blood pressure was significantly lower (p less than 0,01) and compliance significantly higher (p less than 0,05) after treatment in Group II. In Group I, nitroglycerine caused a significant increase in compliance (p less than 0,01), a significant decrease in systolic (p less than 0,02) and mean blood pressure (p less than 0,05) whilst heart rate, cardiac output and total systemic resistance remained unchanged. In Group II, Molsidomine caused a significant increase in arterial compliance (p less than 0,01), a decrease in systolic (p less than 0,001), diastolic (p less than 0,01) and mean blood pressure (p less than 0,01) and in cardiac output (p less than 0,01), whilst heart rate and total systemic resistance remained unchanged. This study shows that both drugs studied had significant effects on the walls of the large arteries.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Detection of residual myocardial function in acute transmural infarction using postextrasystolic potentiation. A computerized angiographic study.

Twelve subjects without clinical or hemodynamic heart failure, admitted for a first untreated anterior transmural myocardial infarction, were evaluated within the first 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. Pulmonary angiography was performed while a right ventricular extrastimulus was delivered every fourth beat at 50% of the RR interval to systematically analyze the basal and the postextrasystolic left ventricular frames. Left ventriculograms were quantitatively processed to determine the ejection fraction (EF) and the percentage of the end-diastolic circumference showing hypokinetic (%HK) or akinetic (%AK) areas. Left ventricular angiography was performed 1 month later in all cases at the same paced atrial heart rate to compare this final angiogram to the basal and the electrically induced postextrasystolic initial beats. During the 1-month period of the study none of these subjects had complications such as recurrent chest pain, heart failure or rhythm disturbances, and no drug administration was necessary. Comparing the basal cycle of the initial angiogram and the final cycle, a poor correlation was found between the corresponding values of EF (r = 0.34), %HK (r = 0.38) and %AK (r = 0.48). The correlations were much better when a comparison was made between the postextrasystolic cycle of the initial angiogram and the final cycle (EF, r = 0.84; %HK, r = 0.96; %AK, r = 0.95). These results indicate that, from the first day after a TMI, the analysis of the postextrasystolic frame allows accurate estimation of the final left ventricular function and regional wall motion abnormalities. Postextrasystolic potentiation may be useful in the acute state of transmural infarction to discriminate potentially reversible ischemic from definitely jeopardized areas.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

[Recurrent ventricular tachycardia due to right ventricular dysplasia. Association with left ventricular anomalies].

The authors report a case of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia in a 61year old male with a 9 year history of recurrent ventricular tachycardia with a left bundle branch block configuration and without any signs of cardiac failure. A right ventricular angiography showed morphological changes suggestive of Uhl's anomaly and left ventricular angiography showed segmental wall dysfunction. In the absence of coronary artery disease, this case raises the questions of left ventricular extension of right ventricular dysplasia and of the value of left ventricular angiography in adult forms of Uhl's anomaly.

Bundle-Branch Block↗
PubMed1979

[Acute myocarditis simulating myocardial infarct with regressive heart failure].

Two patients were hospitalised with severe heart failure and hypotension thought initially to be due to acute anterior myocardial infarction because of very suggestive electrocardiographic appearances. Heart failure rapidly regressed in both cases. The young age of these two patients, the pyrexia, rapid and total regression of the ECG appearances, the absence of atheromatous lesions at coronary angiography and clinical cure with a follow-up of 10 years in one of the cases, were factors in favour of the diagnosis of acute myocarditis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Relationships between hemodynamic profiles and topography of acute myocardial infarction.

Initial hemodynamics were studied in 101 patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by shock or left heart failure. 59 had anterior myocardial infarction (AMI); 42 had inferior myocardial infarction (IMI). Data were processed by univariate analysis and correspondence analysis. AMIs and IMIs were significantly different on conduction disturbances, heart rate, left ventricular filling pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular function indices. Both patients and parameters were projected on the most meaningful factorial plane generated by correspondence analysis. This two-dimensional graphical representation showed that all the information was roughly distributed along the 2 orthogonal axes defining this plane. Survivors and nonsurvivors were fairly well separated along the first factorial axis (prognostic axis) which was highly correlated with both outcome and left ventricular function parameters. AMIs and IMIs were grossly separated along the second factorial axis (topographical axis) which was rather well correlated with location and right ventricular function parameters. These studies suggest that AMI and IMI hemodynamic profiles are modulated by the presence or absence of right ventricular dysfunction. Moreover right ventricular dysfunction may be held responsible of some lack of information about left ventricular function status.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Acute mitral valve obstruction during infective endocarditis.

Five patients were found during surgery or at necropsy to have the mitral valve orifice obstructed by vegetations. They had had unexplained severe and recurrent episodes of acute febrile pulmonary oedema, and four had few cardiac ausculatory findings. Three patients died suddenly and unexpectedly; the other two were operated on and survived. In view of its ominous prognosis, acute mitral valve obstruction should be considered in patients whose pulmonary symptoms are compatible with endocarditis and are not adequately explained by the findings on examination of the heart. The condition, which should be confirmed by echocardiography, requires emergency surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Comparison of hemodynamic and coronary effects of 2 antianginal vasodilator drugs: nifedipine and trinitrine].

Twenty patients with coronary insufficiency had measurements taken while they were in normal rhythm (NR) and during atrial pacemaking (AP) before and after taking nifedipine (n: 12) or after intravenous perfusion of trinitrin (n: 8): measurements were taken of pulmonary capillary pressure (PCP), arterial femoral pressure (AFP), cardiac output (QC) and coronary sinus flow (QCS), coronary arterio-venous oxygen difference (DaVO2), myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) and the myocardial coefficient of extraction of lactates (K).--Under nifedipine in NR and AP, AFP was decreased and QC increased. QSC was increased in NR, but was not changed under AP. DaVO2 was shortened under both sets of conditions. MVO2 decreased only during AP. Nifedipine brought back to normal the lowering of K which occurred with pacemaking.--Under trinitrin, both in NR and under AP, AFP, PCP, QC, QSC and MVO2 were lowered. K and DaVO2 were unchanged.--A plethysmographic study in 13 patients showed that these haemodynamic effects could be explained by the arterial vasodilator action of nifedipine which occurred without changing the venous tone, and the mixed action of trinitrin.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Pulmonary arterial hypertension caused by neoplastic thrombosis of the pulmonary artery].

Neoplastic thrombosis of the pulmonary artery is a rare and little known cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension. The clinical picture is one of acute respiratory failure and progressive right ventricular failure caused by pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension. In the living patient there is no way of distinguishing this condition from that of subacute cor pulmonale due to embolism, especially as the primary tumour is not always found either because it is too small or because it has already regressed by the time it has metastasised. The diagnosis usually rests on histological examination of the lungs, and two pathological types can be distinguished: carcinomatous lymphangitis with secondary invasion and thrombosis of the pulmonary arterioles on the one hand, and the neoplastic arterial emboli of a chorio-epithelioma on the other.

Adult↗