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Biomedical subjects

P Banks

Publications and source records attributed to P Banks.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1971

The influence of the intracellular concentration of sodium on the uptake of L-( 14 C)valine by chopped tissue from cerebral cortex.

1. The intracellular concentrations of sodium, potassium, ATP and creatine phosphate in chopped tissue from guinea-pig cerebral cortex were altered by a 10min period of electrical stimulation. 2. The ability of the tissue to take up l-[(14)C]valine and incorporate it into protein was tested at various times after the cessation of electrical stimulation. 3. The restoration of the ability of the tissue to accumulate l-[(14)C]valine correlated closely with the restoration of the resting intracellular concentrations of sodium and ATP.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1971

Studies on the translocation of noradrenaline-containing vesicles in post-ganglionic sympathetic neurones in vitro. Inhibition of movement by colchicine and vinblastine and evidence for the involvement of axonal microtubules.

1. Methods are presented for studying axonal transport mechanisms in preparations of constricted hypogastric nerve/inferior mesenteric ganglia maintained in vitro for periods up to 48 hr. Under these conditions the ultrastructure of the tissue is excellently preserved.2. The proximo-distal movement of noradrenaline and noradrenaline storage vesicles in the non-myelinated axons of these preparations is inhibited by both colchicine (10 mug/ml.) and vinblastine sulphate (1 mug/ml.) whilst the movement of mitochondria appears to be unaffected.3. Neither colchicine nor vinblastine sulphate depletes accumulated dense-cored vesicles of their stores of noradrenaline.4. These drugs reduce the accumulation of noradrenaline and densecored vesicles against a constriction when they are in contact with the nerve trunks only, and are denied direct access to the nerve cell bodies in the ganglion.5. The only other morphological change that can be attributed to the action of colchicine and vinblastine is a marked reduction in the number of axonal microtubules.6. The experiments provide strong support for the view that the axonal system of microtubules is closely involved in the proximo-distal movement of noradrenaline storage vesicles within noradrenergic neurones. The microtubular system does not appear to be involved in mitochondrial movement.

Animals↗
PubMed1971

Further evidence for the involvement of microtubules in the intra-axonal movement of noradrenaline storage granules.

1. Constricted cat hypogastric nerve/inferior mesenteric ganglion preparations maintained in vitro for 48 hr have been used to study the effects of different concentrations of colchicine on axonal microtubules and on the proximo-distal movement of catecholamine containing dense-cored vesicles in non-myelinated axons.2. In low concentrations (0.03-0.3 mug/ml.), colchicine had no effect on the number of microtubules per axon and did not diminish the amount of noradrenaline accumulating proximal to the constriction.3. Higher concentrations of colchicine (1.0-10 mug/ml.) produced a dramatic reduction in the number of microtubules per axon. This was associated with marked reductions in the number of dense-cored vesicles and the amount of noradrenaline accumulating above the constriction.4. There was some morphological evidence for a structural relationship between dense-cored vesicles and microtubules.5. These results further support the view that axonal microtubules are involved in the relatively fast proximo-distal transport of noradrenaline containing dense-cored vesicles in non-myelinated sympathetic axons.

Animals↗
PubMed1970

The effect of electrical stimulation on the incorporation of L-[U-14C] valine into the protein of chopped tissue from guinea-pig cerebral cortex.

1. Chopped tissue from guinea-pig cerebral cortex carried out an energy-dependent incorporation of [(14)C]valine into protein. 2. At all times studied the nuclear fraction of the homogenized tissue accounted for about 25% of the total labelled protein. 3. Electrical stimulation at first increased, but subsequently decreased, the rate of incorporation of [(14)C]valine into protein of the chopped tissue. 4. The initial increase in the incorporation of [(14)C]valine into protein occurred in the nuclear fraction. At later times electrical stimulation decreased the incorporation into all the subcellular fractions, but the relative contribution of the nuclear fraction to the total labelled protein increased. 5. These changes are discussed in relation to the changes in the rates of respiration, glycolysis, high-energy phosphate content and intracellular Na(+) and K(+) concentrations, which were measured under the same experimental conditions as those used to study protein synthesis.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1970

The effect of electrical stimulation and ouabain on the uptake and efflux of L-[U-14C] valine in chopped tissue from guinea-pig cerebral cortex.

1. Chopped tissue from guinea-pig cerebral cortex carried out an energy-dependent accumulation of l-[(14)C]valine. 2. The uptake was dependent on the extracellular concentration of Na(+) and was markedly inhibited by ouabain (20mum). The extent of the inhibition of uptake by ouabain was also Na(+)-dependent. 3. The accumulation of labelled valine was not directly dependent on the ATP and creatine phosphate contents of the slices. 4. Electrical stimulation increased the rate of [(14)C]valine uptake at first but ultimately led to a net loss of the label so that the amount of label present in the tissue was lower than in the controls. 5. The rate of loss of label during prolonged stimulation was dependent on the extracellular concentration of Na(+). 6. The efflux of labelled valine from slices preloaded at 164mm-Na(+) was studied at 164, 80 and 40mm-Na(+) with and without electrical stimulation or ouabain. 7. Lowering the Na(+) concentration or adding ouabain increased the rate of efflux. 8. Electrical stimulation had little effect on the rate of efflux at first but ultimately led to a more complete loss of label from the tissue than occurred in the control. A kinetic analysis of the efflux curves was attempted.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1969

The effects of iproniazid and reserpine on the accumulation of granular vesicles and noradrenaline in constricted adrenergic nerves.

1. The accumulation of granular vesicles proximal to a constriction applied to hypogastric nerves has been investigated with the electron microscope in cats treated with reserpine and/or iproniazid.2. The ultrastructural changes have been correlated with the accumulation of noradrenaline at the same site in similarly treated animals.3. The findings give further support to the view that granular vesicles constitute a major storage site for intraneuronal noradrenaline.

Animals↗