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Biomedical subjects

P Banks

Publications and source records attributed to P Banks.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Effects of low temperatures on microtubules in the non-myelinated axons of post-ganglionic sympathetic nerves.

The effect of temperature changes on the number of microtubules in non-myelinated axons has been studied in cat inferior mesenteric ganglion/hypogastric nerve preparations incubated at various temperatures in Eagles minimal essential tissue culture medium in vitro. At 37 degrees C the non-myelinated axons contained 28.4 plus or minus 0.8 S.E.M. (54) microtubules per axon. After incubation at 0 degrees C for 4 h this number fell to 2.3 plus or minus 0.1 S.E.M. (41) but returned to normal levels when the nerves were rewarmed. This loss of microtubules on cooling the nerves and their reappearance on rewarming was a rapid process; it was independent of the influence of the nueronal cell body and of protein synthesis within the axon. The preservation of the microtubules was improved when D2O was present in the incubation medium. Reformed microtubules appeared to function normally with respect to their possible role in the transport of noradrenaline storage vesicles along the axons.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

A method of localisation and fixation for mid-facial osteotomies.

A preliminary report on a method of localisation and fixation for mid-facial osteotomies is described. The method depends on the localisation of the mandible in a predetermined open-mouth position, so allowing surgery to be performed with an oral tube. The method offers advantages in terms of surgical safety and accuracy. It is theoretically applicable to a wider range of osteotomies than the Le Fort II procedure described here.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

Condylotomy. A clinical and experimental appraisal of a surgical technique.

211 cases of temporomandibular joint pain/dysfunction syndrome treated by condylotomy were traced. 172 operations were investigated by questionnaire and 119 patients examined clinically and radiographically. Operated patients constituted less than 3% of all patients with the syndrome. 91% were cured or improved by surgery. The anatomical structure involved in the technique and operative complications, are discussed. Principal effects of surgery were to produce an increase in radiographic joint space and shortening of the ramus with minimal long term change in the position of the condylar head from its postoperative position. The clinical findings as regards remodelling were confirmed and investigated histologically in a primate model. The mechanisms of pain production in the temporomandibular joint pain/dysfunction syndrome are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

A correlation between the effects of anti-mitotic drugs on microtubule assembly in vitro and the inhibition of axonal transport in noradrenergic neurones.

1. Podophyllotoxin, colchicine and griseofulvin inhibit the intra-axonal movement of noradrenaline storage vesicles in cat hypogastric nerve/inferior mesenteric ganglion preparations maintained in vitro, cause the disappearance of axonal microtubules and inhibit the assembly of microtubules from tubulin in vitro. The order of potency of the three effects is podophyllotoxin greater than colchicine greater than griseofulvin. 2. Lumicolchicine is without effect on the three parameters and does not interfere with the binding of tritiated colchicine to tubulin. 3. Podophyllotoxin causes a more rapid loss of microtubules from axons than the same concentration of colchicine. 4. The experiments provide strong evidence that microtubules are components of the system responsible for the intra-axonal migration of noradrenaline storage vesicles.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Metabolic aspects of the synthesis and intra-axonal transport of noradrenaline storage vesicles.

1. Constricted cat hypogastric nerve/inferior mesenteric ganglion preparations have been maintained for 24 hr in vitro, in either test-tubes or a two compartment box, and used to study the roles of energy metabolism, protein synthesis and calcium ions in the synthesis and transport of noradrenaline storage vesicles in sympathetic neurones.2. When preparations were incubated so that the nerve trunks but not the ganglia were made anoxic, dense-cored vesicles lost their store of noradrenaline and did not accumulate above the ligature. This was accompanied by profound ultrastructural damage to the nerves.3. When in contact with the ligated nerve trunks, sodium fluoride inhibited the intra-axonal movement of dense-cord vesicles but did not deplete them of their stored noradrenaline. When sodium fluoride and pyruvate were present in the medium bathing the nerve trunks the movement of noradrenaline storage vesicles was unaffected.4. Whilst a reduction of the calcium ion concentration in the incubation medium and the inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide prevented the synthesis of dense-cored vesicles in the neuronal perikaryon they had no effect on the movement of preformed dense-cored vesicles along non-myelinated axons.

Animals↗