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Biomedical subjects

P Banfai

Publications and source records attributed to P Banfai.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Unanswered questions concerning the indication for cochlear implant.

In a discussion of the function of cochlear implant (CI), the following criteria should be mentioned: (1) If possible, all deaf persons (including the prelingually deaf and children) should benefit from CI. (2) Since the number of patients with late deafness is doubtlessly decreasing with better prevention and medical care (elimination of ototoxic damage, decrease of iatrogenic deafness), the percentage distribution of the deaf will be displaced in favor of the prelingually deaf. At present, the ratio of cases of late deafness to those of prelingual deafness among our CI candidates is 1:3. (3) The objective of CI must be to provide the advantage of the procedure to children as early as possible. This means that under certain circumstances a technique that is as low in risks as possible and with a handy implement should already have been used in patients at the age of 3 to 4 years.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1986

Extracochlear sixteen-channel electrode system.

This article summarizes 10 years of work by the Cologne-Düren Research Group. The purpose of our research was to develop a noninvasive operation technique and to avoid opening the inner ear cavities (extracochlear technique). On the basis of empiric experience, a 16-channel electrode system was developed. The electrodes were fixed on a "hedgehog" contact plate with an arrangement corresponding to the projection of the cochlea. A microprocessor, which enables individual programmability in the different groups of deaf persons (prelingual, postlingual deafness), was integrated into the speech processor. Experience to date was summarized in statistical data. Not only the results of the psychoacoustic tests, but also the applicability of the cochlear implant as seen by the patients were considered. We next plan to miniaturize the system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Extracochlear eight-channel electrode system.

The Cologne-Düren research group has developed a new extracochlear eight-channel electrode system. The first observations on six cases have shown encouraging psychoacoustic results.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1984

Our extra-scalar operating method of cochlear implantation. Experience with 46 cases.

We attempted to elaborate an operating method, whereby the electrodes could be placed without opening the scale tympani or vestibule. In this respect the medial wall of the tympanic cavity, i.e. the bony cochlear wall provides the most favourable means of access. It is easy to reach surgically and provides adequate access to the cochlea.

Cochlea↗
PubMed1984

Cochlear implants. Selection of patients.

Apart from detailed clinical ENT investigations on the indication for cochlear implant, we considered the following conditions and corresponding preliminary investigations to be indispensable: (1) confirmation of diagnosis of complete deafness, (2) the detection of sufficiently functional auditory nerve fibers, (3) clarification of the sociocultural conditions of the patient, (3.1) family conditions; possibility of auditory training at home, (3.2) psychological state, motivation for auditory training, and (3.3) degree of intelligence. Individual points are explained in accordance with our statistical data.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Cochlear implants. Clinical results: the rehabilitation.

In principle, an acoustic contact with the environment can be achieved in all cochlear implant patients. However, the results vary greatly in our 37 surgically treated cases. On average, our patients can (1) perceive background noises, (2) recognize different human voices, (3) differentiate differences in pitch, (4) improve lip reading and (5) improve pronunciation appreciably. (6) In addition, closed speech is largely understood. Apart from these average values, we were able to observe a beginning of open speech in 20% of the cases (simple sentences from everyday speech). A precise statistical documentation is presented with an evaluation table we have elaborated. The results of comparison between the pre-lingual and post-lingual patients are analyzed statistically. The special significance of subjective evaluation of the advantages of cochlear implant on the part of the patients is pointed out. The lower age limit in our patient material is 10 years.

Auditory Perception↗
PubMed1982

[Contribution with regard to the standardization of the terminology, the data and the rehabilitation program in cochlear implant research].

In the Field of Cochlear Implant Research the new terms are presented in a number of different ways. Further the achieved results have been based on varying data, making a comparison extremely difficult when not impossible. The contributors to this publication attempt to standardize the terminology, electrical data, and the evaluation of the hearing result, in order to achieve an objective comparison.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1981

[Mass data and psychoacoustic interpretations of patients with 8-channel cochlear implants (author's transl)].

Six patients are described following insertion of an 8-channel cochlear implant. The prosthesis was modified from the Vocoder technique, and was implanted by a simplified method of the procedure previously reported by us. In addition to the perception of background noise as well as the differentiation of periodicity and frequencies, a distinct improvement of the patients' speech discriminations could be observed with this technique.

Audiometry, Speech↗
PubMed1980

[Laryngotracheal stenoses following long-term intubation and its surgical management in children (author's transl)].

The problems of laryngotracheal stenosis are discussed in respect of causal factors, including the technique and duration of intubation, and upper airways pathology. The author describes his operative technique, important aspects of which are the non-excision of wide scars, and the use of split-skin grafts, "open groove" techniques and dilatations. - Further discussion is made on the complications of difficult decannulation, aspiration, the persistent tracheostoma, and psychiatric problems. The results of 10 patients are presented.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1978

[A surgical approach for the cochlear implant (author's transl)].

Although the round window is most commonly employed for insertion of a cochlear electrode, manipulation through this route can be difficult. The author gives data for orientation to a new approach for placing a cochlear implant. In this manner, the nerve fibers of the N. cochlearis in the entire cochlear region can be reached and stimulated.

Cochlea↗