The aims of the present study were (1) to analyze the separate effects on plaque, caries, and gingivitis of several measures (oral hygiene instruction, professional tooth cleaning with mechanical instruments, topical application of sodium monofluorophosphate - MFP) which have been incorporated in a prophylactic treatment program, described by AXELSSON & LINDHE1, and (2) to prevent caries and gingivitis by applying the combined treatment but replacing the professional mechanical tooth cleaning with chemical cleaning using a chlorhexidine-containing gel. 164 children, 13-14 years old, divided into four groups, participated in a 2-year trial. All participants were recalled once every 2nd week for preventive treatment provided by dental nurses. During the 1st year Group 3 and 4 received prophylactic treatment identical to that described by AXELSSON & LINDHE1. During the 2nd year the professional tooth cleaning was omitted but oral hygiene instruction was given every 2nd week. During the 1st year Groups 1 and 2 were treated with 0.5% chlorhexidine but during the 2nd year they were subjected to professional tooth cleaning with mechanical instruments. Throughout the trial Groups 1 and 3 rinsed once every 2nd week with a 2% MFP solution. The results showed that by oral hygiene instruction and frequently repeated professional tooth cleanings it was possible to substantially reduce the frequency of gingivitis and prevent caries. When this treatment was used, mouthrinsings with 2% MFP had no additional effect on caries. The substitution of the mechanical cleaning procedure with topical application of a 0.5% chlorhexidine gel failed to (1) remove supragingival plaque accumulations, (2) reduce the frequency of gingivitis, and (3) retard the rate of caries development. The data also revealed that interdental cleaning with mechanical instruments was of decisive importance in the prevention of approximal surface caries.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed1975

[Dental health of looo persons aged 3 to 7o yrs within Jönköping County. 2. Clinical study of health of teeth and jaws and prevalence of dentures].

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Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

Effect of proper oral hygiene on gingivitis and dental caries in Swedish schoolchildren.

The present paper reports the effect of a 3-year study of regularly repeated professional toothcleaning on oral hygiene status, gingivitis, and dental caries. At the initiation of the study in 1971, the children were 7-8 years old (Group 1), 10-11 (Group 2) or 13-14 (Group 3). The children were divided into test and control groups. Before the study all the children were examined regarding oral hygiene, state of the gingiva and dental caries. Throughout the 3-year period the controls brushed their teeth with a 0.2% sodium fluoride solution once a month under supervision. During the first 2 years of the trial all the children of the test groups were given professional oral prophylaxis once every second week during the school terms. During the third year the interval between consecutive prophylactic sessions was prolonged to 4 weeks in Groups 1 and 2 and to 8 weeks in Group 3. The results demonstrated that regularly repeated professional cleaning of the teeth combined with fluoride applications and toothbrushing instructions, over a 3-year period in schoolchildren resulted in the establishment and maintenance of excellent oral hygiene standards. Inflammation of the marginal gingiva almost entirely disappeared, and practically no new carious lesions developed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

Effect of fluoride on gingivitis and dental caries in a preventive program based on plaque control.

The purpose of the investigation was to estimate the relative effect of fluoride on caries in a preventive program based on meticulous plaque control. The material consisted of 82 children; 41 in the test and 41 in the control group. At the start of the study the children were 13-14 years of age. In August 1973 an examination was performed to obtain baseline data for the trial. Prophylactic treatment was given to the children once every second week. A total of 18 treatments were given during a 10-month period. In the control group an abrasive paste was used containing 5% sodium monofluorophosphate (Jodka Fluor Polerpasta). In the test group an abrasive paste was used which was identical with the control paste except that it did not contain any fluoride components. Twelve months after the baseline examination the test and control groups were reexamined. The trial demonstrated that, in children, fortnightly professional cleaning of the teeth combined with meticulous toothbrushing instructions result in (1) a high standard of oral hygiene and (2) only very few new carious surfaces. Though the control group children received fortnightly topical application of F- during the prophylactic sessions and used a fluoridated dentifrice, there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding number of new carious tooth surfaces per child per year.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975