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Biomedical subjects

P Axelsson

Publications and source records attributed to P Axelsson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Effect of fluoride containing dentifrice, mouthrinsing, and varnish on approximal dental caries in a 3-year clinical trial.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the separate effect of fluoride dentifrice, fluoride mouthrinsing and fluoride varnish on approximal dental caries. All 252 13-14-yr-old children at an elementary school were selected at random and divided among four groups for a 3-yr longitudinal study. Group 1 received a fluoride dentifrice for home care and a fluoride mouthrinse once a week. Group 2 received a fluoride dentifrice for home care and a placebo mouthrinse once a week. Group 3 received a fluoride dentifrice for home care and a fluoride varnish once every 3 months. Group 4 received a placebo dentifrice for home care and a fluoride rinse once a week. Fluoride rinsing did not give any additional effect compared with placebo-rinsing when a fluoride dentifrice was used for home care. Fluoride varnish gave a significant caries reduction compared with fluoride rinsing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

A 30-month longitudinal study of the effects of some oral hygiene measures on Streptococcus mutans and approximal dental caries.

The effects of some oral hygiene measures on Streptococcus mutants and approximal dental caries were evaluated. One hundred and eighty-seven 13-year-old individuals with high levels of salivary S. mutans (greater than 10(6)/mL) were selected. They were randomly distributed into three groups. Group I initially received professional mechanical tooth-cleaning, tongue-scraping, chlorhexidine treatment, and oral hygiene instructions concentrated on the approximal surfaces most colonized by S. mutans. The treatment was given four times with intervals of two days, followed by one single treatment every six months throughout the experimental period. The initial treatment period for group II, also consisting of four visits, included the same oral hygiene instructions as for group I. The instructions were repeated every six months. Group III was maintained in the preventive program provided by the local Dental Health Office, based on mechanical plaque control and topical use of fluorides and chlorhexidine at individualized intervals. Group I showed a significant immediate reduction of S. mutans in saliva as well as an approximal tooth surfaces. After six months, there were no differences among the three groups regarding these variables. Compared with baseline, there was a significant reduction of S. mutans in all groups. There was no significant difference in caries progression among the three groups. However, the selected "high-risk" individuals in group I developed 0.25 new manifest caries lesions approximally/year, compared with 0.27 for all children of the same age group in the area. Seventeen individuals had approximal surfaces with consistently high or consistently low S. mutans levels. Forty-six percent of the surfaces with high values developed new or progressive caries, compared with 2% of the surfaces with low values.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Caries prevalence, salivary Streptococcus mutans and dietary scores in 13-year-old Swedish schoolchildren.

388 13-yr-old schoolchildren from Karlstad, Sweden, participated. Dental caries experience was expressed as number of decayed (D) and filled (F) tooth surfaces (S), and registered on bite-wing radiographs and obtained from records. Salivary Streptococcus mutans counts were determined by a spatula method. A dietary score was calculated for each individual based on an interview concerning the intake frequency of 23 sugar-containing products. Significantly lower DFS values were found in the group with no detectable S. mutans compared to three of the four groups with salivary S. mutans (P less than 0.01). No differences were found between the DFS values of individuals with high, moderate or low dietary scores. There was no statistically significant association between dietary scores and levels of S. mutans. Among the children with no detectable S. mutans, there were higher DFS-values with increasing intake frequency. No relationship between initial caries lesions, S. mutans and diet was found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Effect on caries and gingivitis of a preventive program based on oral hygiene measures and fluoride application.

The present investigation was performed to estimate the effect on caries and gingivitis of a plaque control program delivered at different intervals and supplemented with different fluoride compounds. The study ran for 2 years and was completed by 260 children who were 13-14 years old at the beginning. Professional tooth cleaning in combination with detailed oral hygiene instructions repeated once a month or every 3 months significantly improved their oral hygiene status and reduced clinical signs of gingivitis. The addition of fluoride (NaF or MFP) in mouthrinses and toothpastes significantly reduced the number of new carious lesions. No significant differences were observed in gingival health and caries activity between the programs delivered once a month and every 3 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Effect of mechanical and chemical plaque control measures on oral microflora in schoolchildren.

The incidence of S. sanguis, S. salivarius, S. mutans, total streptococci and lactobacilli was examined in highly caries active 13-14-year-old schoolchildren participating in a prophylactic program. After 1 year of trial, professional toothcleaning once every second week markedly reduced the frequency of gingivitis and the caries increment. Bimonthly topical applications of a 0.5% chlorhexidine gel with or without subsequent rinsing with 2% NFP had no effect on plaque score and gingivitis but tended to reduce the caries activity. No significant changes were found in the groups with regard to the salivary number of total streptococci and S. sanguis. A reduction of the population of S. salivarius, S. mutans and lactobacilli was observed in the chlorhexidine group. In the group where chlorhexidine was combined with MFP, only S. mutans was reduced.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Effect of controlled oral hygiene procedures on caries and periodontal disease in adults. Results after 6 years.

The present report describes the result of a clinical trial in which a group of adults have been maintained on a proper oral hygiene standard over a 6-year period. In 1971--72, 375 individuals were recruited to a test group and 180 to a control group. During the 6 years of trial, 65 persons from the test group and 34 controls were lost. The patients were divided into three age groups; I less than 35 years, II 36--50 years, III greater than 50 years. The members of the test and control groups were first subjected to a Baseline examination which included assessments of oral hygiene, gingivitis, periodontal disease and caries. Following this examination all caries lesions were treated and ill-fitting dental restorations adjusted. Each patient was also given a detailed case presentation and a dental prophylaxis. The control group patients were not involved in any further dental health programs during the subsequent 6-year period. Once a year, however, they were recalled to a public dental health clinic for examination and received symptomatic dental treatment. The test group participants, on the other hand, were given a preventive treatment, repeated once every 2-3 months which included (1) instruction and practice in oral hygiene techniques and (2) meticulous prophylaxis. The patients were re-examined 3 and 6 years after the baseline examination. At the Follow-up examinations the parameters studied at the Baseline examination were recorded again. The findings demonstrated that a preventive program which stimulates individuals to adopt proper oral hygiene habits may resolve gingivitis and prevent progression of periodontal disease and caries. Traditional dental care, on the other hand, did not prevent the progression of caries and periodontitis in adults.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effect of oral hygiene instruction and professional toothcleaning on caries and gingivitis in schoolchildren.

The preset study was performed to assess the effect on caries and gingivitis of plaque control measures such as oral hygiene instruction, toothcleaning practice and professional toothcleaning. 104 children, 13-14 years old, participated in the trial. Prior to the start of the preventive treatment all children were examined regarding oral hygiene, gingivitis and caries. The caries examintion was limited to the proximal surfaces of molars and premolars. Following this baseline examination the children were randomly divided into two treatment groups A, and B. Both groups of children were recalled for professional toothcleaning once every 2 weeks during an 18-month period. In each child the professional toothcleaning was restricted to either the right or the left jaws by random selection. In addition, the children of Group A at each recall appointment received careful oral hygiene instruction and practice in proper toothcleaning methods. In conjunction with the professional toothcleaning an abrasive paste was used including fluoride. The children were re-examined 18 months after the baseline examination. The result of the present investigation demonstrated that professional toothcleaning repeated every second and week is a prophylactic measure which in children substantially improves the oral hygiene status, and effectively reduces clinical signs of gingivitis and caries. It was also observed that while oral hygiene instruction and practice in proper toothcleaning techniques reduced plaque and gingivitis, no such effect could be detected regarding the development of caries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[SBI verus GI: a clinical study].

The goal of the present study was to compare the sensitivity of the Gingival Index (GI) and the Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI). The study was performed on 111 Swedish and 119 Swiss children, 11 to 15 years old. Two investigators examined 22 gingival units in the anterior region of each child, one using the GI and the other the SBI. The examinations were conducted separately. In order to test the sensitivity of the indices the index values for each gingival unit were divided into 2 groups: the first group included all values SBI = 0, GI > 0 and the second group all values GI = 0, SBI > 0 (all other relationships were ignored). These 2 groups were compared using the @chi-squared" test for each gingival unit. In 44 comparisons (2 groups of children X 22 gingival units) the SBI was significantly more sensitive than the GI 27 times (61.4%), the GI was more sensitive 6 times (13.6%) and in 11 comparisons (25%) no significant difference between the indices could be found. When the findings for gingival units in the maxilla and in the mandible were examined separately, the GI was more sensitive than the SBI 5 times in the maxilla (2 groups X 11 gingival units = 22 comparisons) and once in the mandible. These were in all cases marginal (M) gingival units. On the other hand, for all papillary units, whether in maxilla or mandible, the SBI was always significantly more sensitive.

Adolescent↗