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Biomedical subjects

P Altmeyer

Publications and source records attributed to P Altmeyer.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Malignant thymoma with polymorphic exanthema and erosive mucous membrane changes].

We report on a 30-year-old female patient with therapy-refractory polymorphous exanthema and widespread erosions in the oral and genital mucosa. The alterations demonstrated in the skin and genital mucosa were associated with a malignant thymoma with metastases being interpretatet as a paraneoplastic syndrome. There was a remarkably large spectrum of circulating antibodies, which had no corresponding clinical correlation. Our examination results indicate a dysregulation between cellular and humoral immunity, obviously caused by the malignant thymoma, with an extraordinary, uncontrolled production of antibodies against structures belonging to the body and alien structures.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Morphological and functional findings of fixed phagocytes in psoriatics.

Twenty-one psoriatics as well as 24 normal healthy adults were studied by functional bone marrow scintigraphy using Tc-99m-labeled human serum albumin millimicrospheres (Tc-99m-HSA-MM). Functional bone marrow scintigraphy is an in vivo test system for the assessment of various functional properties of fixed phagocytes. Of psoriatics who had no systemic drug treatment, 59% demonstrated peripheral extension of the bone marrow space, indicating hyperplasia of bone marrow phagocytes. This phenomenon could be observed only in one normal subject who was a high-performance sportsman. Of psoriatics treated with aromatic retinoid, 83% (n = 6) demonstrated bone marrow extension, as did 100% (n = 3) of psoriatics with cirrhosis of liver. The "capacity' of bone marrow phagocytes to engulf Tc-99m-HSA-MM ("uptake ratio') was diminished in 34% of nontreated as well as 66% of psoriatics treated with aromatic retinoid. The phagocytic and proteolytic turnover of Tc-99m-HSA-MM in the bone marrow, spleen, and liver was found to e accelerated in 66% of nontreated psoriatics, normal (83%) or accelerated (17%) in psoriatics treated with aromatic retinoid, and considerably delayed in all of the psoriatics with cirrhosis of liver. Functional bone marrow scintigraphy proved to be an appropriate in vivo test system for revealing abnormalities of fixed phagocytes in psoriatics. Furthermore, therapeutic effects as well as the influences of preexisting disorders on different phagocyte populations can be assessed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Functional studies of sessile macrophages in liver and spleen of psoriatics.

In 24 psoriatics of either sex aged between 22 and 84 years, functional analysis of sessile macrophages in liver and spleen revealed an accelerated metabolic elimination of Tc-99m labeled human serum albumin millimicrospheres. In psoriatics treated with aromatic retinoid, macrophage activity in liver and spleen was found to be normalized compared to the group of systemically nontreated psoriatics. 3 psoriatics with cirrhosis of the liver demonstrated an unequivocally delayed tracer accumulation in liver and splenic macrophages, the former showing decelerated phagocytosis and proteolysis of ingested albumin particles. The method used allows measuring of phagocytic and proteolytic properties of tissue-fixed macrophages in psoriatics as well as assessing the therapeutic effects of systemically administered drugs on macrophage functions.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Modification of endocrinologic parameters by total body UV irradiation].

In 49 healthy test persons we measured various endocrine parameters (ACTH, cortisol, prolactin, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, TSH) prior to and after whole-body irradiation with UV light of varying quality and quantity. 60 min after sunlamp and SUP exposure a marked decrease in the average cortisol plasma level appears which is less than the daily circadian variation. After irradiation with a lamp that mainly emits UVA rays these reactions fail to appear. After sunlamp and SUP irradiation also the concentrations of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine and thyroxine show a decrease of 22.1 and 13.7%, respectively, which is, however, statistically significant for triiodothyronine only. ACTH and TSH values remain unchanged. According to these results we can conclude that depending on the quality of rays defined endocrinological reactions are caused. Peripheral "consumption" of these hormones and concomitant insufficient central stimulation are suggested.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1983

[Microangiopathy, connective tissue changes and amyloid deposits in chronic renal failure].

Skin biopsies were taken from 59 patients with chronic renal failure (52 patients were on regular dialysis treatment, and seven patients were predialytic). The histological examination of the skin biopsies revealed microangiopathy and pericollageneous deposition of a substance with the histochemical behavior of amyloid. In electron microscopy studies these deposits were found to be fine granular, but microfibrillar structures could also be detected. The alterations of the vessel walls are obviously caused by a non-reactive deposition of immunoglobulins, complement components, and fibrinogen. The alteration of the connective tissue mainly imposes as actinic elastosis. These findings could be demonstrated in both predialytic patients and patients on regular dialysis. The extent of the observed alterations seemed to be dependent on the duration of uremia. Atrophy of sweat and sebaceous glands also characterizes the skin lesions of patients with chronic renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Proliferative myositis].

A 86-year-old female patient is reported with myositis proliferans according to the criteria described by Enzinger and Dulcey (1967). This disease, first described by Kern (1960), impressed as a painful, firm and immovable tumor of almost 3 cm in size situated at the upper lip of our patient. Myositis proliferans can simulate a sarcoma, histologically and clinically; therefore, this disease shall be introduced to the dermatologic literature avoiding unnecessary invasive treatment. There is a relationship to fasciitis nodularis; a clinical and histological differentiation is possible as in our patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Modification of alpha-MSH by UVA irradiation of the skin].

On 40 healthy male volunteers with different pigmentation level (Caucasians: skin types I-III, negroes: skin type VI) the basal alpha-MSH-secretion as well as the influence of UV-A-wholebody-irradiation (6 J/cm2) on alpha-MSH-serum concentration were measured. The mean basic values of red-haired and blondes are with 73,0 respectively 71,6 pg/ml significantly lower than the mean values of negroes with 99,6 pg/ml. After UV-A-irradiation the alpha-MSH mean values within one hour among red-haired persons increase 26,7%, among blondes increase 22,6%. Dark-haired caucasians (skin type III) as well as negroes show no significant changes in alpha-MSH serum level. These results support a peripheral sensor for UV-A-rays which induce a hypothalamic-pituitary response (alpha-MSH secretion) obviously on a nervous way. One can point out that genetic and/or racial characteristics influence this central-nervous reaction due to UV-A-irradiation of the skin. The connection between the development of malignant melanoma and the UV-A-induced changes of alpha-MSH level is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Morphological and functional changes in the reticuloendothelial system in psoriatics].

99mTc-HSA-MM proved to be a valuable agent for both bone marrow visualisation and exploration of the phagocytic and proteolytic function of the RES-macrophages in psoriatic patients. 24 psoriatics and 24 normal healthy adults were examined. 18 (75%) of the psoriatics studied demonstrated peripheral extension of the bone marrow space, whereas this phenomenon could not be observed in normal subjects. The phagocytic and proteolytic turnover of 99mTc HSA-MM in liver, spleen and bone marrow was found to be accelerated in 66% (n = 12) of the systemically untreated persons. Six psoriatics treated systemically with aromatic retinoid for a longer period showed 2x a delayed and 4x a normal turnover; three patients with cirrhosis of liver showed in each case a delayed turnover of HSA-MM - Human Serum Albumin-Millimicrospheres.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Necrobiosis lipoidica].

The most important morphological aspects and pathogenesis of necrobiosis lipoidica concerning histological and clinical aspects are reported. In case of diabetes we find more frequently necrobiosis lipoidica localized out of the shank than in cases of necrobiosis lipoidica without diabetes. Necrobiosis lipoidica must be differentiated from granulomatosis disciformis, localized scleroderma and atrophy of the skin of another origin. Beside normalization of diabetes and application of corticosteroids physical and surgical treatment is recommended.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1982

[The place of lymphoscintigraphy in the treatment of malignant melanoma of the skin (author's transl)].

Lymphoscintigraphy was performed pre- or postoperatively in 42 patients with malignant melanoma of the skin. The test consisted of the injection of 1.5-2.0 mCi 99mTc-labelled antimony sulphide colloid, both intracutaneously and subcutaneously, either around the primary tumour or along its edges or into the centre of the excision scar or contralaterally. The draining lymph-node groups were scanned with a gamma-camera 4-6 hours after the injection. Except for one patient, the radioactive tracer had always disappeared from the injection site and had accumulated in th regional lymph-nodes. In 11 of 28 patients with melanoma on the trunk, lymphatic drainage was to more than one regional lymph-node group. In most cases with cutaneous melanoma on the trunk, lymphatic drainage could not be anatomically predicted, but easily and unequivocally identified by lymphoscintigraphy. On the other hand, lymphatic drainage of a melanoma of the head or neck, as well as of distal segments of the limbs, almost always followed anatomical expectations. Using lymphoscintigraphic findings, prophylactic lymphadenectomy could be performed selectively in "high risk" melanomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Increased respiratory burst activity of monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes in psoriasis.

We studied the respiratory burst activity of peripheral blood monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in eleven patients with psoriasis and eleven healthy controls, using zymosan particles to activate the phagocytes in vitro. The activation of the phagocytes was measured in a luminol-enhanced chiluminescence (CL) assay. We found a significantly higher respiratory burst activity of both monocytes and PMN in patients with psoriasis compared with the control subjects. The percentages of monocytes in psoriatics did not differ from those of the controls. The higher amount of zymosan-induced CL activity generated in the patient group was unrelated to the age of the individual. Our data indicate increased metabolic reactivity of both monocytes and PMN in psoriasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Skin changes in long-term dialysis patients. clinical study].

Fifty-one regular hemodialysis patients underwent clinicodermatologic examination. Twenty-three of them were on regular hemodialysis for 2-3 years (group I), 28 patients for more than 8 years (group II). Both groups were matched in regard to primary kidney disease, age, and sex. A characteristic feature found was a marked premature aging of the skin, mainly imposing as actinic elastosis. The incidence was related to the duration of hemodialysis (56.5% of patients of the first group and 100% of patients of the second group). There was also a correlation between time on hemodialysis and an increase of skin pigmentation. Other phenomena like xeroderma, decrease of sebaceous and sweat gland secretion, and Raynaud syndrome were also seen more frequently in the second group, but the extent of these alterations was equal in both groups. Seventy-eight percent of the patients of the first group and 43% of the second group suffered from generalized pruritus. Two different froms of pruritus could be observed, one possibly atopic, only occurring during regular hemodialysis, the other occurring independent of hemodialysis. accumulation of rare phenomena like carpal-tunnel syndrome and Dupuytren's contractures in group II together with the frequent occurrence of actinic elastosis implies systemic disturbance of collagen metabolism in long-term regular hemodialysis patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Hirsuties papillaris vulvae (pseudocondylomata of the vulva)].

Condylomata acuminata-like lesions of the vulva of two sexually mature Turkish sisters are reported. Based on clinical and histological findings the verruciform structures are interpreted as atavistic malformations without functional significance. Their relation to the papillas of corona glans penis are proved in detail.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Axillary lymph node groups--the center in lymphatic drainage from the truncal skin in man. Clinical significance for management of malignant melanoma.

In order to identify regional lymph node drainage groups of primary malignant melanomas resp. suspicious pigmented tumors on truncal skin, lymphoscintigraphy using 99mTc-Sb2S3 colloid was performed in 50 patients of either sex prior to operative treatment. The lymphatic drainage pattern proved to be practically unpredictable by conventional anatomic guidelines based on the thesis of "lymphatic watersheds". In 96 per cent of the patients examined radiocolloid uptake was to be found in one or both of the axillary lymph node groups, either solely or combined with inguinal, supraclavicular, posterior cervical or parasternal node-bearing areas. In conclusion, axillary lymph node drainage groups are the center in lymphatic drainage from the truncal skin in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Disseminated type of pagetoid reticulosis? Mycosis fungoides?].

We present a case of a 69 year old man who died with a progressive systemic disease. This case demonstrated a multiple clinical evidence with aspects of psoriasis, parapsoriasis en plaques, mycosis fungoides, lymphogranulomatosis and finally of the disseminated type of pagetoid reticulosis. The last biopsies always demonstrated the typical histology of pagetoid reticulosis. The earlier biopsies revealed findings similar to mycosis fungoides and even in part similar to lymphogranulomatosis.

Aged↗