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Biomedical subjects

P Altmann

Publications and source records attributed to P Altmann.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Surface tension properties of the amniotic fluid obtained by serial puncture in normal pregnancies (author's transl)].

Serial amniotic fluid samples were obtained in the last trimester of pregnancy during the course of 12 uneventful pregnancies. The surface tension properties of the amniotic fluid samples were measured in the surface (Wilhelmy) balance. Eight pregnancies showed a normal pattern of surface activity parameters, whereas in four pregnancies the pattern was abnormal. The pattern of surface activity parameters is shown individually for each of the 12 pregnancies and the possible reasons for individual variations are discussed.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1977

[A case of thoracopagus with an unusual cardiac anomaly].

A case of Siamese twins is described being especially interesting because of the rare kind of heart malformation. The joint heart shows in particular a reduction of the heart rooms, a defect of the ventricular septum and a transposition of the big vessels in one of the individuals. Moreover a multilobularity of the lungs, a fusion liver and a partly joint portion of the small intestine is to be seen.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1976

[Connexions between instrumental delivery and cerebral damage in the infant (author's transl)].

An interdepartmental investigation was carried out on the incidence of brain injury, especially so-called minimal brain injury, after instrumental delivery of infants by means of forceps or vacuum extractor. There is no statistically-significant difference in the incidence of brain injury in infants delivered by means of forceps as compared with the vacuum extractor; there is, however, a significant increase in incidence of brain injury in infants following instrument-aided delivery as opposed to spontaneous delivery. A thorough explanation of the methods is given and the results are discussed.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1976

Electro-acupuncture's influence on the closure mechanism of the female urethra in incontinence.

The influence of electro-acupuncture on the sphincter of the female urethra was checked on 20 patients with stress incontinence without gross anatomic variation. This was determined by means of simultaneous cysto-urethromethrometry. After 30 minutes of electric stimulation through acupuncture needles which were placed into the skin of the lower legs and lower abdomen, a significant increase in the so-called "closing pressure" was found. Seventeen patients even showed positive pressure. In a control group of another 20 patients who, however, did not undergo acupuncture, there were only two cases of slight increase in closing pressure. In addition, a second control group of 20 patients was given a placebo suppository in order to eliminate any psychic factor as far as possible. Significant change of the closing pressure could not be found in any of these cases. Even though the actual working mechanism of electro-acupuncture is not understood, these experiments seem to confirm the assumption of electro-acupuncture's positive influence on the closing mechanism of the female urethra.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1976

[The success prognosis of plastic diaphragma operation on women with stress incontinence (author's transl)A1].

The paper refers to 126 patients on whom a plastic diaphragma operation was performed at the 1st Department of Obstet. and Gynec. of the University of Vienna. Based on the results one year after the operation, the success chances are shown and set into relation to several preexistent factors, such as severity of the incontinence, weight, parity, age and conduct of life. An increasing of the two first mentioned factors led to a significant deterioration of results. The influence of an incontinence remains incontested, yet a higher parity does not lead to significantly poorer operation results. As to the factor "age", there were no significant differences in our material. Conduct of life and additional stress in women employed in an occupation are being discussed. Furthermore it was possible to confirm the postoperative space of time needed until restoration of an undisturbed bladder function as a relatively reliable prognostic hint to the expected success of the operation. For this confirmation an objective examination method (sphincterotonometry) was used.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Aminolcevulinic acid excretion in women before and after delivery and in their newborn infants (authors transl)].

A report is given on the excretion of variation of-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) as an index of the lead load in pregnant women at term and at one and also at four weeks after delivery in both mothers and the newborn infants. The mean values in women were 7.2 + 3.7 before delivery 9.0 + 4.1 one week and 4.1mg ALA/1 urine four weeks after delivery; mean values of 5.2 + 3.2 one week after birth and 2.2 + 1.0 mg ALA/1 urine four weeks after birth were recorded in the newborn infants, according to the method of Davis and Andelman. Two groups were set up: mothers coming from the rural environs of Vienna and mothers living in the centre of the city. The ALA excretion was 14% lower in the former group (20% four weeks post partum) as compared with the mothers living in the city. When these data are considered against a threshold value of 10 ALA/1 urine (set up by the "Hauptverband der Berufsgenossenschafen", Bonn, West Germany, using the same method) the mean value of 9.0mg ALA/1 urine (with individual values of up to 17.4mg ALA/1 urine) in mothers one week after delivery already seems extremely serious.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The influence of intrauterine transfusion upon birthweight in rhesus hemolytic disease.

A study of the birthweight of 876 babies affected by rhesus hemolytic disease has shown that this is reduced in the most severely affected cases, when intrauterine transfusion is not required. However, in 259 very severely affected babies where intrauterine transfusion was necessary, the birthweight was similar to that of the mildly affected and unaffected babies.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1975

Blood in amniotic fluid following intrauterine transfusion and its effect on premature onset of labor.

The most frequent cause of perinatal death following intrauterine transfusion in cases of severe rhesus hemolytic disease remains premature onset of labor and the resulting newborn so delivered. In the present study, 70% of all perinatal deaths were directly related to immaturity. A factor of decisive importance as an initiator of labor before the intended time is the leakage of blood into the amniotic fluid at the time of the procedure. (Mostly, this blood seems to originate from the fetal abdomen into which it was injected for therapeutic reasons.) The effect of blood-contaminated amniotic fluid on uterine activity is demonstrated on the material from Lewisham Hospital of London, where between 1 and 5 intrauterine transfusions were performed on 517 patients during a period between November 1963 and the end of March 1973. The presence of blood in the amniotic fluid was proved either by means of amniocentesis performed 2 days after intrauterine transfusion, or at the time of membrane rupture in labor. Patients who received a self-retaining catheter for any length of time were excluded from the material since the additive influence of the catheter on labor could not be assessed. Out of a total of 452 cases receiving single-use catheters, there were 208 cases (46%) with premature onset of labor. In 2-thirds of the cases this happened within the first week after the last intrauterinetransfusion. Further investigation of 332 case-histories with complete records was carried out. In 61.6% of the patients with labor before the intended time within 21 days after the last intrauterine transfusion, blood contaminated amniotic fluid was found, whereas this occurred in only 34.8% of the cases without premature onset of labor (p less than 0.001). From the same material, corresponding percentages for livebirths and stillbirths were calculated. As a consequence of these results, it is recommended that patients be kept under intensive hospital care following intrauterine transfusion whenever blood can be proved to be present in the amniotic fluid. Prophylactic measures to prevent premature onset of labor should also be considered.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1975

[Influence of age on risk-factors during pregnancy, delivery and puerperium of primiparae (author's transl)].

The course of pregnancy and delivery of 600 primiparae is being reported. These were divided into four age groups: very young primiparae (14-16 years of age, Group I), older primiparae (35-39 years of age, Group III) and old primiparae (40 years and more, Group IV). These age groups are being compared to a collective of primiparae, by whom the delivery took place at an age between 17 and 34 years (Group II). In these age groups the difference in complication rate during pregnancy, delivery and puerperium is demonstrated. The differences were statistically secured by means of X-2-test. The very young primipara shows the least tendency to delivery complications, still her pregnancy should be considered more risky as compared to Group II, owing to the higher rate of gestosis and the tendency to premature delivery. Groups III and IV show a rising risk rate with increasing age in regard to gestosis (10, 8-30, 8%) and premature delivery (15, 4-28, 6%); also the higher rate of operational delivery was significant (38, 9-44, 6%). The highest risk rate is to be expected in women, who deliver the first time at an age above 40 years. Also the perinatal mortality of newborn is at its highest in this group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[The clininal management of breech presentation].

During the period 1969--1973, a total of 7933 deliveries was carried out at the First University Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Vienna. Of these, 328 deliveries were breech presentations and 260 were single-born. The frequency of Caesarean sections in the case of breech presentations was 16,6%, i.e. about four times higher than the average frequency of Caesarean sections in relation to the overall number of obstetric patients of our clinic. The high frequency of premature deliveries in breech presentation (18,46%) is reflected in the perinatal mortality rate; 5,67% of all children born in breech position died sub or post partum. The net perinatal mortality rate was 1,15%.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1975

[The influence of electric acupuncture on the closing mechanism of the female urethra in cases of stressincontinence (author's transl)].

The influence of electric acupuncture on the sphincter of the femal urethra was checked on 15 patients with stressincontinence without gross anatomic variation recognized by means of simultaneous cystourethrometry. After 30 minutes of electric stimulation through acupuncture-needles, which were placed into the skin of the lower legs and lower abdomen, a significant increase of the so-called "closing pressure" was to be found. 11 patients even showed a positive pressure. In a control collective of 15 other patients, who however did not undergo acupuncture there was only one case of slight increase of closing pressure. In addition 15 patients were given a placebo suppository, in order to eliminate as far as possible any psychical factor. In none of these cases a significant change of the closing pressure could be found. Even though the actual working manner of electric acupuncture is not understood, these experiments seem to confirm the assumption of the electric acupuncture as having a positive influence on the closing mechanism of the femal urethra.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1975

[About the estimation of fetal risk by evalution of the serum -- amniotic liqour -- ratio of HPL during the pregnancy (author's transl)].

Radioimmunoassay of human placental lactogen (HPL) is a valuable diagnostic tool for the early recognition of placental dysfunction. But, the rather wide normal range hampers HPL estimations to be used as a good prognostic tool. However, the simultaneous determination of HPL in maternal serum and in amniotic fluid allows a better diagnosis of the fetal well-being. Results of amniotic fluid HPL levels are expressed as percent of maternal serum levels. In this pilot study it was shown that this ratio of maternal serum HPL level to amniotic fluid level is below 10% in normal pregnancies. The ratio is between 10 to 20% in subjects where fetal distress was recorded, and dystrophic babies were observed. The value is above 20% in cases where intrauterine fetal deaths were found. This good correlation of the HPL ratio in maternal serum and amniotic fluid with the outcome of pregnancy offers a new means of using HPL estimation as prognostic tool.

Amniotic Fluid↗