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Biomedical subjects

P Alstrup

Publications and source records attributed to P Alstrup.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Two cases of anomalies of the bronchi combined with cancer in the lung.

Two cases of right-sided bronchus anomalies are described. These represent two groups, stated in the literature to be the commonest anomalies, viz. displaced apical bronchus and bronchus cardiacus superior. The first case was combined with an epidermoid carcinoma localized to the displaced apical bronchus and was found during surgery. In the second case, the anomaly was diagnosed by bronchoscopy and verified by thoracotomy with bilobectomy for adenocarcinoma. Anomalies of these types should be borne in mind in the bronchoscopic assessment of the operability and treatment of benign and malignant pulmonary disease.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1978

Bronchoscopy with normoventilation. Automatic ventilation with Sanders technique. A clinical investigation.

Forty six patients, who had to be subjected to diagnostic bronchoscopy under general anaesthesia (thiopental, pethidine, O2-N2O, suxamethonium) were ventilated using Wolf's injectomat (automated Sanders principle) in an attempt to find a setting for the apparatus that would provide normoventilation of the patient, independently of the diagnostic procedure. The first 24 patients were ventilated with the apparatus having a fixed setting: the latter being presumed to provide normo- or hyperventilation. This was confirmed and a steady state of PaCO2 was reached after ventilation for 10 min. This PaCO2 was well correlated with the vital capacity of the patients expressed factorially, in relation to the expected normal value. The investigation renders probable the observation that patients with a greatly reduced vital capacity (less than 50% of the normal value) can rarely be ventilated with the apparatus. On the other hand, a reduced FEV1 has little influence on the efficiency of the apparatus. The apparatus was adjusted in agreement with the above mentioned relation to vital capacity for the following 21 patients, in as much as the change in ventilation was carried out by a change in frequency, while the driving pressure of the apparatus and the inspiration time were maintained unchanged. Normoventilation was obtained in these patients independently of the fact that the bronchoscope was constantly open for the insertion of instruments.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed1976

Immediate and long-term results of emergency aortic valve replacement in acute bacterial endocarditis.

A surgically treated material comprising 18 patinets with heart failure from aortic insufficiency during acute endocarditis has been reviewed. At the time of operation the mean duration of heart failure was 3 weeks and duration of endocarditis 9 weeks. Blood culture was positive in half of the patients, 39% had predisposing valve disease, 14 (78%) had a preoperative heart catheterization. The peroperatively measured regurgitation averaged 55%. All 18 patients had an artifical valve implanted, and the mean observation time for 13 long-term survivors was 3 1/3 years. There were 3 postoperative and 2 late deaths. A long-term survival rate of 73% strongly supports early surgical treatment in patients with aortic insufficiency and heart failure during acute endocarditis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

The prognostic factors of arterialized bypass veins in the lower extremities.

A follow up study on 251 in situ bypass procedures on the lower extremities is done 3 years postoperatively. Patency of the bypass is correlated to smoking habits, anticoagulant therapy, age at operation and the diameter of the vein bypass. At follow up 13% of the patients had died and 217 extremities in 195 patients were examined. Using the Chi-square test we found that patency of the bypasses was primarily dependent uon the diameter of the bypass vein, and secondly on smoking habits and anticogulant therapy. Age was only of minor importance for patency.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

[Determination of intravascular and extravascular lung water after open heart surgery (author's transl)].

Total lung water (169 measurements) and intravascular lung volume (72 measurements) were determined postoperatively on 11 patients with aortic or mitral valve prostheses, by means of thermodilution (diffusable) and cardiogreen (non-diffusable). No loss of heat from the lungs occurred after injection into the trunk of the pulmonary artery and recordings in the left atrium. The admixture of the tracers was satisfactory. The extravascular volume was found to be higher than that measured by other authors, presumably owing to the greater efficacy of the thermodilution technique as compared to the use of tritiated water.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1975

Metabolic studies following thoracotomy for lung cancer with particular reference to postoperative atrial fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation has proved to be a frequent complication after thoracotomy for lung cancer. In order to study the possibility that metabolic changes are the trigger mechanism of these arrhythmias, free fatty acids (FFA), glycerol, triglycerides, serum insulin and glucose were determined pre- and postoperatively in patients both with and without this postoperative complication. In the primary series of patients, FFA were found to be increased immediately after the start of the atrial fibrillation, partly in relation to the morning values and partly to the 24-hour curve. This is a possible expression of an increased lipolysis in a causal relationship to the arrhythmia. In another series of patients, the degree of lypolysis was demonstrated using the glycerol values. With this method, no signs of increased lipolysis were found in connection with the onset of atrial fibrillation. Thus, changes in the lipoid metabolism were not found to be the trigger mechanism of the postoperative atrial fibrillation. Reduced values of serum insulin and glucose were not demonstrated either during the uncomplicated postoperative period or at the start of atrial fibrillation.

Atrial Fibrillation↗