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Biomedical subjects

P Albert

Publications and source records attributed to P Albert.

100 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Validation protocol of sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer using radioactive tracer at the Institute of Oncology Bucharest "Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu"].

The sentinel ganglion concept originates in the assumption according to which the primary tumor drains into a specific lymph node area and then runs through the lymphatic nodes in an orderly, sequential mode. When neoplastic dissemination along the lymphatic pathway occurs, there is an initial invasion of a specific lymph node (rarely more than one) located on the drainage route. That first lymph node has been identified as the sentinel node, which mirrors the regional lymph node status. In order to establish the indication for lymphadenectomy and avoid the situations in which such a surgical procedure would be of no use (N-), the only correct method consists in the identification and biopsy of the sentinel node which can be performed using vital staining (blue dye), radioactive tracers or both. The technique of sentinel lymph node identification and biopsy by means of radioactive tracing includes: -pre-surgical lymphoscintigraphy, -identification of the sentinel lymph node and its excisional biopsy, -intra-operative histopathological examination, paraffin embedded sections and immunohistochemical stains of the sentinel lymph node. The paper presents the refinement of the technique and the validation of the method for identification and biopsy of the sentinel lymph node in breast cancer with the intra-operative use of NEOPROBE 2000 gamma probe at the "Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu" Oncological Institute in Bucharest. It is a prospective study which enrolled 93 patients with breast cancer between September 2003-December 2005, who underwent sentinel node biopsy. Complete axillary dissection (back-up lymphadenectomy) was performed in all cases. By comparing the pathological results of the frozen section of the sentinel node, with the paraffin embedded and immunohistochemical ones of the remaining axillary nodes, we present the following results: sensibility 97,15% (34/35), specificity 100% (93/93), positive predictive value 100% (34/34), negative predictive value 98,3% (58/59).

Axilla↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hysteroscopy for gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT).

Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) is performed currently using laparoscopy. We report on a pilot-study from 1.1.1987 to 31.12.1987 and from 1.5.1988 to 30.4.1989, in which we used hysteroscopy instead of laparoscopy for the GIFT-procedure. The entering conditions were: unexplained (idiopathic) infertility, failure of previous treatments, proven fertilization capability of the gametes in at least one IVF attempt, and request of the married couple to dispense with laparoscopy during GIFT procedure. Hysteroscopic GIFT was initially performed on hysterectomy specimens, using the Chorionoskop. Continuous flow CO2 through the fallopian tubes did not result in loss of gametes. Twenty-four treatment cycles were performed in 16 patients. In 19 cycles, gametes were transferred into one tube, and in two cycles they were transferred into both tubes. Four of 16 women conceived: one patient delivered at term, three pregnancies ended in a first trimester abortion. These results demonstrate that the hysteroscopic approach to intrafallopian gamete transfer can be successful. However, the technique is demanding and requires extensive training. We conclude that further improvements of hysteroscopic GIFT are needed.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnosis and therapy of an in the cesarean section scar implanted early pregnancy].

The diagnosis of a 7 weeks-old pregnancy implanted in the uterine scar after caesarean section is reported. The sonographic findings prompted the adequate intervention without time-loss. The removal of pregnancy prevented the life-threatening complication of rupture of the uterus and enabled the preservation of the uterus and thus the fertility of the patient.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antepartum prevention and postnatal therapy of respiratory distress syndrome].

The introduction of surfactant in the therapy of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) reduced mortality and long term complications in very premature infants. Nevertheless, the obstetric management influences critically the outcome. In a prospective study of 116 premature infants with RDS treated with natural surfactant preparations after birth, mortality was significantly reduced by antepartum corticosteroid therapy suggesting a synergistic effect of corticosteroids and surfactant on the immature lung. It is assumed that a preventive administration of surfactant immediately after birth would benefit neonates at risk for RDS more than a delayed surfactant replacement after the development of RDS. But without a reliable assessment of fetal lung maturity before birth more than 50% of our premature infants with birth weights less than 1500 g would be exposed to surfactant unnecessarily. It is important that fetal asphyxia is avoided. Acquired respiratory distress syndrome occur even in premature infants after shock or meconium aspiration and may respond poorly to surfactant replacement. This is also the case in lung hypoplasia or perinatal infection, where the combined efforts of obstetricians and neonatologists are needed to attain better results.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of stage Ta,T1 and Tis bladder tumors using Calmette-Guérin bacillus vaccine].

The authors report a series of 71 patients (sex ratio: 1F/4M, mean age: 68 years) with stage Ta (n = 20), T1a (n = 32), T1b (n = 14) and Tis (n = 5) bladder tumours treated by endoscopic resection followed by a course of intravesical BCG instillation (120 mg/week for 6 weeks). The mean follow-up was 15 months (3-36 months). The overall recurrence rate was 42%. A recurrence occurred in 50% of Ta (median time to recurrence: 10.1 months), 32% of T1a (median: 5.8 months), 65% of T1b (median: 7.3 months) and 20% of isolated Tis (median: 7 months). Disease progression was observed in 9% of stage T1 tumours. The following risk factors for recurrence were identified: stage T1b (p = 0.05), multifocal tumours (p = 0.05), resistance to previous chemotherapy (mitomycin C) (p = 0.001) and association with Tis for stages T1 (p < 0.02). The following risk factors for disease progression were identified: stage T1b (p < 0.001), grade III for stage T1 (p = 0.05) and association with Tis (p < 0.05). Ten patients (14%) developed transient BCGitis. BCG was found to be effective in the prophylaxis of recurrence of stage Ta, T1 and Tis bladder tumours. This treatment is proposed for recurrent stage Ta grade II and III tumours and stage T1 tumours in the presence of recognised risk factors. The high risk of progression for stage T1b grade III tumours associated with Tis demands rigorous surveillance.

Administration, Intravesical↗