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Biomedical subjects

P Aggarwal

Publications and source records attributed to P Aggarwal.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Lidocaine in refractory status epilepticus: a forgotten drug in the emergency department.

Generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus is usually treated with intravenous benzodiazepines and phenytoin. Patients who do not respond to this treatment are generally treated with phenobarbital or general anesthetics both of which may require intubation to maintain respiration. Our experience of four cases with status epilepticus treated with intravenous lidocaine who had failed to respond to diazepam and phenytoin therapy is presented. Two cases responded to a single dose of lidocaine, one required a second dose of lidocaine to control seizures, and the fourth patient failed to respond and died as a result of associated severe head injury. Therefore, there is a need to conduct further studies to establish the efficacy of intravenous lidocaine in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Human rabies: epidemiological and laboratory studies in 80 cases.

Epidemiological and laboratory studies were conducted on 80 clinically diagnosed human rabies cases. Incidence of rabies was more in adult males (55%) and boys (37.5%) than adult females (5%) and girls (2.5%) and more in rural areas (76.2%) than urban areas (23.8%). Dogs constituted the main vector of transmission (92.5%). Incomplete course of antirabic vaccine had been received by 31% of cases and 2.5% of cases had complete course of antirabic vaccine. Among the laboratory tests conducted 3.8% of corneal smears and 2.5% of saliva smears were positive by fluorescent antibody technique. Rabies virus was isolated from 3.8% of saliva and 3% of cerebrospinal fluid samples. Rabies neutralising antibody titre ranged from 1:64 to 1:128 in the serum of patients who were fully vaccinated.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Albendazole in the treatment of pulmonary echinococcosis.

Ten patients with pulmonary hydatid disease diagnosed on the basis of a chest radiograph and a positive response to the indirect haemagglutination test for hydatid disease were treated with albendazole 10 mg/kg/day for eight weeks. None of the 10 patients showed any radiological or serological improvement with this treatment regimen. Albendazole in these doses appears to have little role in the treatment of pulmonary hydatid disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Profile of kala-azar in north India.

One hundred twenty-nine cases of visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) seen over a thirteen year period in a nonendemic area at a referral medical center in north India are described. The epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features of these patients are presented. A large number of patients came from nonendemic areas and showed some unusual clinical and laboratory features. Use of sodium antimony gluconate led to relapse in approximately 34 percent of cases. Lack of awareness of the occurrence in a nonendemic area and the unusual manifestations may cause considerable difficulties in establishing the diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Extracardiac malignancy presenting as cardiac tamponade.

Two cases of extracardiac malignancies presenting with cardiac tamponade are reported. One patient had adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung. Such a manifestation of this tumor has never been reported previously. The second patient had an adenocarcinoma and is the youngest case of carcinoma presenting with tamponade. The English literature has been reviewed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Increasing prevalence of high degree resistance amongst Salmonella to different antibiotics.

National Salmonella & Escherichia Centre situated at Central Research Institute, Kasauli receives Salmonella strains from all over the country. Eight hundred and fourteen Salmonella strains belonging to 14 serotypes received during 1986 were studied for antibiotic resistance and Minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) with regard to ampicillin (A), chloramphenicol (C), furazolidone (Fz) and gentamicin (G). Resistance to ampicillin was found to be highest (80%) and furazolidone the least (0.1%). Similarly a large number of strains (31%) had very high MIC values greater than 640 mcg per ml for chloramphenicol, whereas only 3.4% strains were found to have MIC values greater than 640 mcg per ml for gentamicin. The present findings have been discussed in the light of similar data published from this Centre earlier and from other sources in India.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1991

Pericardial mesothelioma presenting as a mediastinal mass.

A case of malignant mesothelioma of the pericardium, who presented with an anterior mediastinal mass, is reported. Such a presentation of the pericardial mesothelioma is distinctly rare. As in most of the other reported cases, our patient also did not have any exposure to asbestos. The diagnosis in the present case was established after surgery. Most of the cases reported in the literature, were diagnosed only at postmortem. The treatment of choice is surgical resection of the tumour. The prognosis of pericardial mesothelioma is poor and till now, only two long survivals have been reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Circulating immune complexes in tuberculosis.

To examine whether any correlation exists between the levels of circulating immune complexes (CICs) and the activity of tuberculosis, CICs were measured in the sera of 75 patients with active tuberculosis and in 25 control subjects using polyethylene glycol method. The effect of drug treatment on the levels of CICs was also estimated in 25 patients. It was found that levels of CICs were elevated in most of the untreated patients (96%) of tuberculosis and the CICs levels fell to control values in 64% of patients at the end of treatment.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1991

Pathogenic infection caused by coagulase negative multiple drug resistant Staphylococcus.

Staphylococcus epidermidis is becoming increasingly important as a cause of clinical illness. In the past, its presence in the wound, blood and urine culture was generally dismissed as contamination and went undocumented. However, more recently its pathogenic role is being recognized notably in bacterial endocarditis, postcardiotomy endocarditis, bacteraemia secondary to colonised prosthetic heart valves, postsurgical wound infection and urinary tract infection. The ability of the organism to cause local sepsis in superficial tissues is a matter of debate. A case of pyogenic infection due to multidrug resistant coagulase negative staphylococci is reported here.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Liver in kala-azar.

Sixty patients with kala-azar were studied for liver involvement. Clinically none had any evidence of chronic liver disease. Biochemical evidence of hepatitis was seen in about 25% of cases while radiological and radionuclide studies failed to reveal portal hypertension and/or cirrhosis of liver in any of the patients. Histopathology of the liver in 18 patients failed to reveal any evidence of chronic liver disease or cirrhosis. It is suggested that portal hypertension and cirrhosis of liver probably do not occur as a consequence of kala-azar.

Chronic Disease↗