Prevalence and detection of patients with bleeding disorders.
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Australia↗
Biomedical subjects
P A Harden
Publications and source records attributed to P A Harden.
Value of maternal anti-D concentration in predicting the outcome of Rh(D) haemolytic disease.
The outcomes of 43 pregnancies complicated by the presence of Rhesus antibodies were studied in relation to the peak concentrations of anti-D reached during pregnancy. Antibody concentration was measured by an automated method calibrated against the British Anti-D Working Standard. Where the anti-D concentration remained below 5 IU/ml, the infants at worst suffered only moderate jaundice controllable with phototherapy. Above this level the incidence of requirement for exchange or top-up transfusion was high with concentrations greater than 50 IU/ml being predictive of a very severely affected fetus. It is recommended that amniocentesis in these patients be deferred until maternal anti-D levels exceed 5 IU/ml.
Autoanalysis↗
A Caucasian family with the i phenotype and congenital cataracts.
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Blood Group Antigens↗
Blood transufsion in particular clinical situations.
Many transfusion reactions are iatrogenic in origin and reflect a lack of understanding of the indications for transfusion as well as a failure to appreciate what can be achieved with this form of therapy. The importance of anticipating problems before they arise is illustrated by a consideration of the indications for blood transfusion in several clinical situations: e.g. neonatal transfusion--exchange or replacement, cardiopulmonary by-pass, specific organ failure (cardiovascular system, the liver and the kidney) and auto-immune haemolytic anaemia. Various potentially adverse reactions are considered primarily with a view to their avoidance.
Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
Sensitivities of radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of hepatitis B surface antigen.
Radioimmunoassay (RIA) using Austria II (Abbott) was found to be more sensitive for the detection of HBsAg than the Hepanostika Micro-Elisa system (Organon Teknika), by a factor of 5- to 20-fold for subtype 'ad' (with one exception), and 2- to 5-fold for subtype 'ay'. The sensitivities of RIA and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) have also been evaluated in the screening of 178 selected serum samples contributed by 7 different laboratories. Of these, 149 were found to be positive for HBsAg by RIA, 142 were positive by Elisa and 36 were positive by CEP.
Blood Donors↗
Transfusion therapy of thrombocytopenia: a reappraisal.
In the management of thrombocytopenia, platelet concentrated (PC) were given only to patients who had neither frank haemorrhage nor significant anaemia. Fresh whole blood (FWB) was preferred for those with the former, and platelet-rich red cell concentrate (PRC) for those with the latter complication. As a result of this approach it was found that only 6% of 412 therapy courses required PC, 37% required FWB and the remaining 57% required PRC. These are the findings of a year's survey of the requirements of patients in a predominantly urban population of approximately 1,200,000. The surprisingly high proportion of patients with complications requiring transfusion therapy, and the 24-hour availability of FWB and PRC in a metropolitan blood bank, have made PC transfusion an elective procedure and eliminated the need for a PC bank. Moreover, a better approach to treatment is available whilst a significant saving of blood donations is effected.
Anemia↗
A solid-phase antiglobulin test.
A solid-phase test (SPT), a machine-readable adaptation of the indirect anti-human globulin test (IAHG), is described. The SPT level of sensitivity was comparable to that of the manual IAHG test for the detection of IgG antibodies and was compared with manual pretransfusion compatibility tests. The average difference from the mean of duplicate SPT results was 5.94 percent of the optical density value. The data also demonstrated a linear and overlapping relationship between the scores of manual IAHG tests and SPT optical density values. The accuracy of the SPT declined slightly as the concentration of red cell samples increased; the optimum concentration of immunoglobulin used in the preparation of the solid phase was about 275 mg per l. The 97.5th percentile of negative tests occurred at the same optical density (0.13) when serums from either healthy donors or hospitalized patients were tested. Compatibility tests completed on 1304 blood samples from donors and 437 serum samples from hospitalized patients showed that 1.38 percent of results were SPT-positive and manual IAHG-negative, and 5.37 percent were SPT-negative and manual IAHG-positive. The lowest possible score in the manual test was allocated to 97.14 percent of the latter group, indicating good correlation between the two techniques.
Coombs Test↗