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Biomedical subjects

O Yoshida

Publications and source records attributed to O Yoshida.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Prevention of infected urinary stones in rats by urease inhibitor: a new hydroxamic acid derivative.

We tested the inhibitory power and urinary excretion of several derivatives of hippurohydroxamic acid, including some newly synthesized compounds. m-Methoxyhippurohydroxamic acid (UCD II) strongly inhibited urease activity and high urinary excretion after oral administration to rats. UCD II inhibited the alkalinization of infected urine in vitro and in vivo and prevented bladder stone formation when it was orally administered to rats with urinary tract infection caused by Proteus mirabilis. The clinical application of UCD II to the prevention of pathologic sequelae of urinary infection with urease-producing bacteria awaits evaluation of the safety of the compound.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Protective effects of DL-tryptophan on benzidine-induced hepatic tumor in mice.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the carcinogenic effect of benzidine on the urinary bladder of mice, and the effect of DL-tryptophan on the induction of bladder cancer. Benzidine plus DL-tryptophan or benzidine alone mixed with a commercial basal diet was fed to groups of ICR strain female mice for 20 weeks, after a glass bead had been inserted into the bladder. Control mice were fed the basal diet throughout the experimental period. All the surviving mice were killed 63 weeks after start of the study. Benzidine administered with or without DL-tryptophan did not induce tumors of the urinary bladder in these mice. Hepatomas developed in 34 of 41 mice (82.9%) fed benzidine and in 24 of 51 mice (47.1%) fed benzidine with tryptophan. DL-Tryptophan counteracted the effect of benzidine and significantly reduced the development of hepatomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The mutagenic activity of anti-cancer drugs and the urine of rats given these drugs.

Twenty-one anti-cancer drugs have been tested for their ability to cause mutations in Salmonella typhimurium test strains in the Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity test. Nine of the 21 anticancer drugs showed this ability: cyclophosphmide, nitromin, thio-tepa, busulfan, 6-mercaptopurine, neocarzinostatin, daunomycin, adriamycin and estramustine phosphate. Seven of these 9 mutagenic drugs were injected continuously into the jugular veins of rats. Urine was collected through a cystostomy tube and tested for mutagenicity. The urine from rats treated with 6 of these 7 drugs was mutagenic. These were cyclophosphamide, nitromin, thio-tepa, neocarzinostatin, adriamycin and daunomycin.

Alkylating Agents↗
PubMed1979

Renal function studies using 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid.

99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), provides both a well defined renal image via preferential cortical accumulation, and a quantitative assessment of separate kidney function, correlating well with renal plasma flow obtained from the 131I-Hippuran renogram of each kidney. 99mTc-DMSA is capable of labeling the functioning nephrons in the cortex without interference by the activity of urine flow, suggesting that DMSA should be termed a cortical tubular marker. 99mTc-DMSA scintigraphy has advantages over conventional methods in that it can be performed repeatedly with little discomfort to the patients, as a routine clinical examination.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Successful visualization of cortical malignant lesions on renal scintigram using 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid.

The early (dynamic) and late (static) renal images obtained with 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) were utilized to evaluate renal cortical malignant tumors in 30 cases of renal cell carcinoma each of which had been confirmed by operation or autopsy. Early images, performed 20--50 seconds after radionuclide administration, demonstrated abnormal vascular pools in the cortex. A cold area without DMSA uptake was demonstrated on the 2-hour or late images, reflecting a non-functioning renal mass. Lesions demonstrated with combined early and late images showed a good correlation with those demonstrated by renal angiography in 25 out of 27 cases. However, when almost all the renal tumor was replaced by necrotic lesions, the early image did not reveal hypervascularity. When a highly vascular renal tumor extended to the perinephric tissues, the tumor area was sometimes overestimated on the early image. It is almost impossible to diagnose renal cell carcinoma using radionuclide imaging alone. However, 99mTc-DMSA renal studies, using both early and late imaging, have proven to be a useful, noninvasive adjunct in the detection of malignant cortical lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Sole dermatoglyphics of patients with Klinefelter's syndrome (47,XXY).

We have reported the dermatoglyphic findings on the soles of eighty Japanese Klinefelter's syndrome patients (47,XXY). As compared with normal Japanese males and females, three statistically different traits were observed: (1) Distal loops in the hallucal area are smaller, (2) pattern intensity is higher, and (3) the frequency of triradius p is elevated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Effect of renal vein ligation with or without suprarenal inferior vena cava ligation on sodium and phosphate excretions during acute extracellular volume expansion in the rat.

Right nephrectomy with or without inferior vena cava (IVC) ligation was performed in rats 1 week after left renal vein ligation. Left kidney function and sodium and phosphate excretions by volume expansion were investigated. Inulin (CIN) and para-aminohippuric acid (CPAH) clearances and fractional excretions of sodium (FENa) and phosphate (FEP) were examined before and after volume expansion was induced by normal saline. Kidney functions were well preserved with development of collateral venous channels; biochemical parameters returned to the normal ranges. However, CIN and CPAH were reduced to 33 to 25 per cent of control values and the filtration fraction was elevated. After volume expansion, a marked increment of FENa was observed in cases of IVC ligation but the increment in animals without IVC ligation was less than in the control group. FEP was also increased in experimental groups but the magnitude of phosphaturia was not so prominent compared to the control group. The increment of FEP was not comparable to that of FENa. Thus, from the aspect of kidney function, this experiment showed the rationality of left renal vein ligation with contralateral nephrectomy. From the pathophysiologic aspect, the magnitude of natriuresis and phosphaturia by volume expansion was not prominent and a reduced reabsorptive capacity for sodium and phosphate may exist in a solitary kidney with a ligated renal vein. When suprarenal IVC ligation was also done, prominent natriuresis was observed with saline infusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Bladder carcinoma associated with ectopic production of gonadotropin.

A rare incidence of a primary gonadotropin-producing bladder carcinoma in which gynecomastia appeared in the terminal stage was encountered in a 76-year-old Japanese male. There was a good probability that the symptoms of hormonal activity were due to chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), since its whole molecule, beta- and alpha-subunits were detected by radioimmunoassay in the blood, urine, and the tissue from the malignant neoplasm, and the plasma and urine estrogens were elevated. Recent papers concerning the synthesis of hCG-like material by neoplastic cells are reviewed and the implication of the measurement of beta- and alpha-subunits of hCG in various neoplastic diseases are discussed. Other characteristic profiles of plasma hormonal levels are also discussed in this case.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Validity of 99mTc dimercaptosuccinic acid renal uptake for an assessment for individual kidney function.

99mTc dimercaptosuccinic acid is a new renal scanning agent that provides a good quality of renal image as a result of preferential cortical accumulation and also makes feasible a quantitative assessment of separate kidney function, correlating well with renal plasma flow obtained from a 131I hippuran renogram of each kidney. By measuring the dimercaptosuccinic acid uptake, the cortical functioning nephrons can be determined independent of the activity from the urinary outflow tract. Such evaluations may replace the conventional split renal function study in which traumatic procedures, such as cystoscopy and ureteral catheterizations, are required. 99mTc dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy causes less discomfort to the patient and can be performed repeatedly and routinely even in children and debilitated geriatric patients.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Taurodontism and Klinefelter's syndrome.

The incidence of taurodontism in 31 patients with XXY Klinefelter's syndrome was studied. Taurodont molars were observed in 6 of the 31 cases (19.4%), a significantly higher rate than among the controls. Though taurodontism is not an obligatory finding in Klinefelter's syndrome, it is believed to be one of the anomalies frequently observed in connection with this condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Disturbances in kidney functions and calcium and phosphate metabolism in cadmium-poisoned rats.

In an attempt to elucidate the etiology and pathogenesis of 'Itai-Itai' disease, the relationship between bone and kidney lesions in cadmium-poisoned rats was determined using the standard renal clearance technique. Calcium and cadmium contents in the femur and kidney were also estimated. The severity of renal lesions was histologically evident both in the tubule and glomerulus, and paralleled the decrease in GFR and the increase in FF. There was no significant change in fractional excretion of phosphate, but fractional excretion of calcium increased in the cadmium-poisoned rats. The secondary hyperparathyroidism followed by uremic renal osteodystrophy did not result in an osteomalacia. Thus, it is apparent that disturbance in calcium reabsorption in the tubules plays a role in the loss of calcium, and cadmium associated with low levels of calcium has a direct effect on the bone-causing osteomalacia.

Animals↗