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Biomedical subjects

O Tanaka

Publications and source records attributed to O Tanaka.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Relative frequencies of dementia of the Alzheimer type and vascular dementia in Japanese nursing homes.

We have studied neuropathologically 200 aged nursing home residents (101 men and 99 women) autopsied between 1976 and 1985. Seventy-three of the 200 showed dementia during life, that is, 27% and 55% of the residents in nursing homes and special nursing homes, respectively. The relative frequencies of SDAT and VD in nursing homes as a whole were the same (34%). The relative frequencies of SDAT and VD in special nursing homes, where usually high concentrations of VD have been noted, were 21% and 52%, respectively. A comparison of the results of our special nursing homes (SDAT:VD = 1:2.5) and nursing homes as a whole (SDAT:VD = 1:1) with those of Barnes and Raskind (SDAT:VD = 2:1) and Rovner et al. (SDAT:VD = 3:1) showed that the frequencies of VD in Japanese nursing homes are considerably higher than those in their American counterparts.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Development of the innervation pattern in the upper limb of staged human embryos.

The upper limb nerves of 8 human embryos (Carnegie stages 13-21) were studied by reconstruction. In stage 13, upper limb nerves (C5-T1) extended from the spinal cord. In stage 14, these nerves united to form the nascent brachial plexus. In stages 16 and 17, the median nerve, the radial nerve and the ulnar nerve entered into the hand plate. In stages 20 and 21, the upper limb nerves were observed in an orientation and arrangement similar to those in the adult.

Arm↗
PubMed1990

[Solubilizing effect and inclusion reaction of cyclic bisdesmosides from tubers of Bolbostemma paniculatum].

Tubeimosides I, II and III (cyclic bisdesmosides) have been isolated from Chinese cucurbitaceous crude drug Tu-bei-mu, a tuber of Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim.) Franquet. Solubilizing effects of these cyclic bisdesmosides on water insoluble or less-soluble compounds were examined. It was revealed that cyclic bisdesmosides were effective on increasing the solubility of Yellow OB, dl-alpha-tocopherol and saponin A from Sapindus mukurossi. The critical micell concentration (cmc) and association number as well as diameter of micell of tubeimoside I in water were also measured. The interaction of tubeimoside I with 1-anilino-8-naphthalene-sulfonate (ANS) in aqueous solution was investigated photometrically. It was observed that tubeimoside I strongly enhanced the intensity of fluorescence of ANS, suggesting the significant formation of inclusion complex.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal↗
PubMed1990

Perioperative effect of methylprednisolone given during lung surgery on plasma concentrations of C3a and C5a.

Methylprednisolone or saline (placebo) solution was infused intravenously in 28 patients undergoing elective lobectomy for lung cancer. The state of the complement system during and after surgery and the effects of methylprednisolone on biologically active products of complement were studied by measurements of plasma C3a and C5a anaphylatoxins and leukocyte counts in peripheral blood perioperatively. In the placebo group plasma concentrations of C3a were significantly increased on postoperative days 1 and 2, whereas C5a had risen significantly 6 hours after surgery and on days 1 and 2. Methylprednisolone infusion during surgery eliminated the postoperative elevation of C3a and C5a. The postoperative leukocyte count in peripheral blood was higher in the methylprednisolone group than in the controls. The observations indicated that methylprednisolone may reduce the influx of leukocytes from peripheral blood into the airways by attenuating production of biologically active complements.

Complement Activation↗
PubMed1990

[Three dimensional culture of human salivary gland using irradiated collagen gel embedding technique].

Embedding culture was performed on normal salivary gland cells from five subjects using 0.2% irradiated collagen gel. Collagen was collected from rat tail tendon and gelatinized at the final concentration of 0.2%. D-MEM added BSA (5mg/ml), insulin (10 micrograms/ml) and EGF (5 micrograms/ml) was used as a serum-free medium. Within the collagen gel, the cells were found to grow in a branch-like pattern, and then to form a lot of radial duct-like structures containing alcian blue positive secretions. Immunohistochemical observation of myoepithelial cells with monoclonal antibody from human mammalian cancer suggested that these cells play an important role in the process of glandular ducts formation. Salivary gland cells being able to grow in collagen gel in a very similar fashion to in-vivo condition, the present collagen gel embedding culture is useful for morphological or functional studies on salivary gland cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Adenocarcinoma arising in Barrett's esophagus after total gastrectomy.

A 64-yr-old Japanese male who underwent a partial gastrectomy for a duodenal ulcer at the age of 21, a total resection of the remnant stomach for a stomal ulcer at age 25, and in whom Barrett's esophagus was diagnosed at age 47, was found to have a tumor at the distal esophagus and was operated on by thoracic esophagectomy. The tumor was a well to moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma invading down to the muscularis propria. The entire esophageal mucosa in the resected specimen was lined by columnar epithelium. This tumor was thought to derive from the Barrett's esophageal epithelium.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[A carcinoma of the reconstructed gastric tube after a radical esophageal cancer operation].

Reported are five patients who developed a carcinoma of the reconstructed gastric tube. In 3 of the 5 patients, the esophageal cancer was preceded by a gastric cancer, and the intervals before the gastric cancer was detected were 34, 24, and 60 months. The gastric tube the had been reconstructed by the retrosternal rout was resected with a median sternotomy in cases 1 and 2. In case 3, since a liver and lung metastasis had been detected by routine examination, surgery was not performed. Cases 4 and 5 had an esophageal cancer associated with a simultaneous early gastric cancer located in the lesser curvature of the upper body. Thus, a esophagectomy and a partial gastrectomy were performed. Twenty-eight and 21 months later, respectively, an early gastric cancer was found at the stump of the gastric tube that had been reconstructed by the retrosternal route. Endoscopic laser therapy was subsequently employed for both patients. Because of these findings, the author have concluded that postoperative serial examination of the gastric tube are very important, since cases of a gastric tube cancer are increasing.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Rotation-advancement flap method for correction of partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage into the superior vena cava.

Three patients with partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage into the superior vena cava underwent repair by a rotation-advancement flap method. The technique consisted of atrial partitioning, enlargement of the superior vena cava, and protection of sinus node function. Follow-up studies of all patients were done between 12 and 15 months after the operation. The superior vena cava was not stenosed and its diameter was normal, as demonstrated by cavograms. Pulmonary venous return appeared normal on angiograms, and sinus node function was normal by electrophysiologic studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Hamilton's operation in Bland-White-Garland syndrome].

A 14-year-old boy, who had been treated medically for mitral regurgitation, underwent cardiac catheterization which revealed not only mitral regurgitation but also anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery. Thus he was diagnosed as Bland-White-Garland syndrome which was repaired by Hamilton's operation. Under cardiopulmonary bypass, the pulmonary trunk was opened longitudinally. After aorto-pulmonary window (A-P window) was created, a heterogenous pericardial baffle was attached to the posterior wall of the pulmonary trunk connecting A-P window and the ostium of left coronary artery. Thereafter the pulmonary trunk was enlarged with a patch of the same material. He did well postoperatively. Postoperative angiogram demonstrated satisfactory reconstruction of two-coronary-artery system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Quadricuspid aortic valve: case reports].

Two cases of quadricuspid aortic valve with aortic regurgitation are reported. Case 1, a 66-year-old woman was operated on because of aortic regurgitation, and an aortic valve replacement with a bioprosthesis was performed. When the valve was exposed during the operation, it showed four cusps, three of which were of equal size and one smaller cusp which was interposed between the right and left coronary cusp. Case 2, a 46-year-old man was diagnosed, using echocardiography and aortography before surgery, as suffering from aortic regurgitation because of a quadricuspid aortic valve. During surgery, two larger cusps and two smaller cusps and a displacement of the right coronary artery ostium, (which was placed in a lower position and close to the commissure between the right coronary and the right posterior cusps) were found. The four cusps were excised and replaced by a tilting disc prosthesis. In both cases, the postoperative recovery was uneventful. Using the 24 cases from the literature and two of our own cases, the correlation between the size or the position of the accessory cusp and the occurrence of aortic regurgitation was analyzed. The larger the accessory cusp was, the higher the incidence of aortic regurgitation occurred (p less than 0.05).

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[MR imaging of femoral head avascular necrosis with STIR sequence].

The uncomplicated bone necrosis is usually demarcated by reactive interface (RI). To analyze signal characteristics of RI, MR imaging of the hip was done using short TI IR (STIR) as well as short/long TR pulse sequences at 0.22 tesla. On STIR sequence the RI was observed as a high-signal line or ring with the shape identical to that of short TR image. The double line sign was not seen in early stage. The best explanation of high signal intensity of RI on STIR is that it has prolonged T1 and T2 secondary to high water content. It is concluded that STIR is an unique way to demonstrate RI in early osteonecrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Technical modification of aortic valve replacement in aortitis syndrome--report of a case.

In patients who have aortitis syndrome associated with aortic regurgitation, aortic valve replacement (AVR) is frequently complicated by perivalvular leakage (PVL). A 47-year-old male with aortitis syndrome and severe aortic regurgitation was treated by AVR, modified in such a way as to prevent PVL. The aortic cusps were not resected and were placed between Teflon pledgets and the aortic annulus. We believe that this technique is useful for preventing PVL in patients with aortitis syndrome in which the aortic annulus is severely inflammed.

Aortic Arch Syndromes↗
PubMed1989

Histochemical localization of Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase of the rat cerebellar cortex during postnatal development.

In order to investigate the membrane activities underlying development of neural cells, a histochemical localization of Ca2+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and alkaline phosphatase (AlPase) activities in the rat cerebellar cortex during postnatal development was carried out. In the developing cerebellar cortex, ATPase activity was mainly associated with the plasma membranes of Purkinje and granular cells. This activity appeared in the immature Purkinje cells at birth and was proportionally increased throughout postnatal development. It was observed that the ATPase activity of migratory granular cells during a critical period from 3 and 15 postnatal days was increased in a funicular pattern in the developing cerebellar cortex. Conversely, peak AlPase activity in the developing cerebellar cortex was localized in the proliferative external granular cells until 7 postnatal days. Apparently, these phosphatase activities were not present in Bergmann glial fibers during the course of granular cell migration. The present findings were taken to indicate that neuronal cells in the cerebellar cortex have acquired a membrane-bound ATPase which can participate in Ca2+ transport or ATP metabolism during the course of early postnatal development.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

Lymphocyte infiltration into cerebellum in transgenic mice carrying human IL-2 gene.

We created transgenic mice with an intact human genomic interleukin-2 gene (gIL-2) or a mouse metallothionein-I promoter-human IL-2 chimeric gene (MTgIL-2). Nine (2 gIL-2 and 7 MTgIL-2 transgenics) out of 12 transgenic mice which were obtained independently had motor ataxic symptoms. All transgenic offspring of the symptomatic founders showed the same symptoms as their transgenic parents. Morphological examination demonstrated perivascular lymphocyte accumulation in the cerebellar meninx which was followed by increased cell infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes in the destructive cerebellum of all transgenic mice. These findings suggest that the lymphocyte infiltration in the cerebellum is caused by the specific effect of the exogenously introduced human IL-2 gene.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A radiologic study of dynamic processes in lacunar dementia.

Using magnetic resonance imaging and digitized brain computed tomography, we evaluated 33 elderly patients with documented lacunar stroke and divided them into three groups (nondemented, n = 15; borderline, n = 9; and demented, n = 9) by neuropsychological assessments and DSM III criteria. We evaluated the extent of white matter lesions and the degree of atrophy of specific anatomic structures, such as the corpus callosum, using magnetic resonance imaging and quantified the volumes of the ventricles, the subarachnoid spaces, and the brain parenchyma using digitized brain computed tomography. Our results show that both borderline and demented patients had significantly more extensive white matter lesions than nondemented patients, indicating a significant relation between the extent of white matter lesions and intellectual decline. In addition, borderline and demented patients had significantly larger ventricles and more brain atrophy than nondemented patients; demented patients also had significantly larger subarachnoid spaces than nondemented patients and more brain atrophy than borderline patients. Our findings suggest that in most patients with lacunar stroke, periventricular and subcortical white matter lesions with subsequent white matter atrophy first induce ventricular enlargement, followed by generalized brain atrophy, resulting in dementia.

Aged↗