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Biomedical subjects

O Meirik

Publications and source records attributed to O Meirik.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Cholecystectomy as a risk factor for gastric cancer. A cohort study.

Epidemiological findings suggest that gallstone disease and some frequent human cancers share common risk factors. In the present historical prospective cohort study, comprising 16,773 patients who had undergone cholecystectomy 12-15 years previously, the risk of developing gastric cancer was investigated. The total number of observed gastric cancers (89) was very close to the expected number (88), giving a relative risk (RR) of 1.01. A significantly increased risk (P less than 0.01; RR = 2.67) of developing gastric cancer was found during the first year after cholecystectomy, and this increase was judged to be due to cancers that were present but overlooked at the time of cholecystectomy. Subgrouping according to age at surgery revealed a tendency towards a lower risk in patients operated on before the age of 70 years. It is concluded that our data do not support the hypothesis that there are common risk factors for gallstones and cancer, and cholecystectomy does not seem to be associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer within 15 years after this operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Factors influencing birthweight for gestational age, with special respect to risk factors for intrauterine growth retardation.

In a prospective clinical study from an unselected, area-based population, the influence on birthweight for gestational age of different factors was studied, with special respect to 15 risk factors for intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) recognizable in early pregnancy. In the multiple regression analyses performed, birthweight for gestational age was used as the dependent variable. Only 10% of the variance in birthweight for gestational age could be explained. A correlation was found between the number of risk factors and birthweight for gestational age. Four risk factors had a significant negative influence on birthweight for gestational age: smoking, previous birth of a low birthweight infant, a low prepregnancy weight and addiction. No single risk factor influenced birthweight for gestational age as much as parity. When a risk factor was present the expected increase in birthweight for gestational age with increasing parity did not appear.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1984

Cholecystectomy and the incidence of breast cancer: a cohort study.

A cohort comprising 11678 women who had undergone cholecystectomy in the period 1964 through 1967 for a benign gallbladder disease was investigated. They represented almost a total ascertainment from a defined geographic area. Follow-up during 11-14 completed years of observation revealed a total of 202 breast cancer cases after the cholecystectomy. This number was close to the expected incidence of 199.1 (relative risk 1.0). Further analysis of the risk in relation to duration of observation and age at operation did not reveal any trend or subgroup with a significantly increased or decreased risk. It was concluded that despite the many epidemiologic observations indicating that in Western Countries dietary habits are particularly important determinants of the high incidence of both gallstone disease and breast cancer, our results contradict the idea that the diseases share common aetiologic factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Outcome of first delivery after 2nd trimester two-stage induced abortion. A controlled historical cohort study.

In a historical cohort study the outcome of the first birth after a legal 2nd trimester two-stage abortion induced with saline or prostaglandin F2 alpha was evaluated for 142 nulliparous and 65 parous women. The birth-outcome was compared with that for 180 parity-matched control women and for all women in Sweden 1975. No statistically significant differences were disclosed with regard to means of infants' birthweight and length of gestation, or to occurrence of low birthweight (LBW) infants and preterm deliveries. The nulliparous women with a previously induced abortion tended, however, to have more LBW-infants than did the other nulliparae . More LBW-infants were born to the 29 nulliparae with a previous abortion induced with prostaglandin than to the 113 nulliparae having abortions induced with saline (p = 0.11); otherwise no noteworthy differences were found in the birth-outcome for the 39 women with a previous abortion induced by prostaglandin, compared with the 168 having abortions induced by saline.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1983

Outcome of delivery subsequent to vacuum-aspiration abortion in nulliparous women.

Altogether 4719 women who had had a legally induced abortion in Uppsala County during 1970-75 were followed by means of computerized record linkage, and deliveries during 1970-78 after abortion were noted. Out of 1 364 deliveries traced, 670 were to primiparas who had had a previous vacuum-aspiration (VA) abortion. The outcome of the delivery for the 670 women was compared with that of matched controls, 622 primiparas and 626 secundiparas. Confounding variables were checked for by multiple regression analysis using the infant's birthweight and gestational duration as dependent variables. This analysis showed that the abortion did not have a statistically significant effect on the outcome. Low birth weight infants and preterm delivery did not occur more often after a previous VA abortion.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1983

Vaginal cleansing at vacuum aspiration abortion does not reduce the risk of postoperative infection.

Does a thorough vaginal cleansing with bactericidal solutions prior to induced first-trimester vacuum aspiration abortion reduce the frequency of postabortal pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)? To answer this question we compared the frequency of PID in 372 women where a thorough preoperative vaginal cleansing with a bactericidal solution was undertaken at abortion with that in 350 women where the upper part of the vagina was swabbed with a pad moistened with a 0.9% saline solution. A postoperative PID was recorded in 25 (6.7%) of the former women and in 23 (6.6%) of the latter women.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1983

Colorectal cancer after cholecystectomy: absence of risk increase within 11-14 years.

The importance of cholecystectomy as a risk factor for colorectal cancer was analyzed in an historical cohort study covering 16,773 cases during 11-14 years completed after operation. The observed number of colorectal cancers (130) was lower than the expected 153.5 [relative risk (RR) = 0.85]. For cancer of the colon, the observed number was 87, which was near the 91 expected (RR = 0.95). A significantly increased risk (p less than 0.05; RR = 2.86) was found for cancer of the colon only during the first year after cholecystectomy, and this was judged to be due to cancers present but overlooked at the time of cholecystectomy. The incidence of rectal cancer was significantly decreased (RR = 0.69; p less than 0.05), with 43 observed versus 62.4 expected cases. The distribution of right-sided versus left-sided cancers within the cohort did not differ significantly from that in the general population. Our results do not as yet support previous epidemiologic observations of an increased risk of colorectal cancer after cholecystectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Outcome of delivery subsequent to induced vacuum-aspiration abortion in parous women.

In a historical prospective study covering 1970-1978, the authors evaluated the outcome of delivery to 429 parous women subsequent to a legally induced first-trimester vacuum-aspiration abortion during 1970-1975 in Uppsala County, Sweden. This outcome was compared with the outcome of delivery to 391 randomly chosen matched parous women and that of all parous women in Sweden in 1975. Confounding variables were controlled for in multiple regression analysis using infant birth weight and gestational duration as dependent variables. In this analysis, no harmful effects of vacuum-aspiration abortion were found. Pre-term deliveries and low birth weight infants did not occur more frequently after such abortions. The study did not disclose any association between vacuum-aspiration abortion in parous women and an unfavorable outcome of subsequent delivery.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1982

Gastrointestinal atresia and maternal occupation during pregnancy.

This study originated in observations in cohort studies that women who worked in laboratories during pregnancy may be at increased risk of having an infant with gut atresia. A case-control study has been made of 201 women who had infants with gastrointestinal atresia and 402 women with infants without that malformation but matched for age, parity and time of year for delivery. Maternal occupation during pregnancy was ascertained by interviews of mailed inquiries and only referred to type of occupation; no efforts to obtain detailed information on occupational exposure were made. Occupation of nonresponders was checked using census data. In the case-control study, laboratory work was reported to occur more often among case mothers than among controls, thus verifying the connection. The actual exposure in the laboratory work giving the embryonic damage is not known.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Ectopic pregnancy during 1961-78 in Uppsala county, Sweden. Impact of demographic factors on overall incidence.

From 1961-66 to 1973-78 in Uppsala county, Sweden the overall incidence rate of ectopic pregnancy rose from 0.31 per 100 notified pregnancies or 0.28 per 1 000 women 15-44 years of age, to 1.00 and 0.96, respectively. The impact of demographic changes on the increase in the overall incidence was studied. By using indirect age standardization it was found that 13% of the increase in the overall rate of ectopics per 1 000 women was attributable to a change in the age distribution of women in the fertile age-span.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1981

Vaginal application of a chemotherapeutic agent before legal abortion. A way of reducing infectious complication?

In an attempt to reduce the incidence of infectious complications after first trimester legal abortion 199 healthy, early pregnant women were treated with chloroquinaldol (SterosanR vaginal jelly) during six days before their vacuum aspiration. A group of 291 women served as control. In the treatment group 18 women (9%) had a postoperative gynecological infection while this condition was found in 37 women (12.8%) in the control group. This difference is not statistically significant. The authors conclude that preoperative prophylactic treatment with Sterosan vaginal jelly does not seem to reduce postoperative infectious complications after first trimester legal abortions.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1980

Ectopic pregnancy and IUDs; incidence, risk rate and predisposing factors.

During a period of 4 years, 1974-77, in Uppsala county; Sweden, 203 women underwent surgery for ectopic pregnancy with histological proof of the diagnosis. For the female population of fertile age this corresponds to 0.11 ectopics per 100 women 15-44 years of age, or 1.08 per 100 notified pregnancies, or 1.53 per 100 births. Fifty-five of the women with ectopic pregnancy were using an intrauterine device (IUD) (48 a copper-bearing IUD and 7 some other type of device), and 6 women used a low dose progestogen contraceptive. For users of copper-bearing IUDs the risk of an ectopic pregnancy was estimated to be 0.15 per 100 women years. When comparing this latter risk rate with the overall incidence rate of 0.11, it must be observed that the populations forming the denominator in these two rates differ with respect to some crucial characteristics. Nulliparity and predisposing factors were found statistically significantly more often in non-IUD-users with an ectopic pregnancy than in IUD-users. Such predisposing factors may be less prevalent in IUD-users, as in other populations. This may explain why ectopic pregnancy has been found to occur less frequently than theoretically expected among IUD-users. The "ectopic preventing" capacity of the IUD may therefore be considerably lower than has been previously claimed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Impact of changing age and parity distributions of mothers on perinatal mortality in Sweden, 1953-1975.

A study was made on how the shift in the age and parity distribution of mothers affected the perinatal mortality in Sweden between 1953-55 and 1973-75. During these years the overall perinatal mortality rate fell from 29 to 13 per 1 000 births. The authors used the specific perinatal mortality rates by the mother's age and infant's birth order in 1973-75 to calculate what the overall perinatal mortality rate would have been with the age and parity distributions of mothers in 1953-55 and 1963-65. They conclude that only 1.4 of the 16 per 1 000 decline in perinatal mortality could be attributed to the shift in the mother's age and parity distribution.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Demographic techniques in describing contraceptive use applied on the situation in Sweden.

The authors suggest expressing the amount of use of contraceptives in a female population in the same terms as used to denote the occurrence of births, with one year of contraceptive use regarded as an event in the same sense as a birth. If the prevalence of contraceptives in a population can be expressed in the same terms as other events associated with reproduction, such as births and abortions, it may help to clarify the relationships between these events. Applying the method used to calculate the total fertility and abortion rates on the use of oral contraceptives and intrauterine devices in Sweden in 1975, they noted 1.8 deliveries, 0.6 legal abortions and seven years' use of oral contraceptives and six years' use of intrauterine device per women.

Abortion, Legal↗