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Biomedical subjects

O Frank

Publications and source records attributed to O Frank.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Determination of metabolically active B12 and inactive B12 analog titers in human blood using several microbial reagents and a radiodilution assay.

Metabolically active B12 analogs and inactive B12 analogs were measured in plasma, red blood cells (RBC), and pooled pernicious anemia serum. B12 values by Lactobacillus leichmannii, Escherichia coli, Euglena gracilis, and radioisotope dilution method (RIDA) as assays for total B12 (active analogs + inactive analogs) were compared to Ochromonas malhamensis values as index of only metabolically active B12. B12 values above those with O malhamensis distinguished inactive analogs from active B12. Inactive analogs contribute 85, 97, 135, and 163% above active B12 activity in normal plasma when E gracilis, L leichmannii, RIDA, and E coli, respectively, were used for B12 analysis. RIDA B12 determinations for active B12 in plasma showed that 44% of the B12 measured was still due to inactive analogs when compared to O malhamensis B12 activity. Inactive B12 analogs contributed 21, 151, and 224% above O malhamensis active B12 in RBC when E gracilis, L leichmannii, and E coli, respectively, were used.

Anemia, Pernicious↗
PubMed1986

Comparison of plasma alpha and gamma tocopherol levels following chronic oral administration of either all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate or RRR-alpha-tocopheryl acetate in normal adult male subjects.

Vitamin E was administered orally (400 IU twice a day) to adult male humans for 28 days as either dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate (all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate) or d-alpha-tocopheryl acetate (RRR-alpha-tocopheryl acetate). Plasma alpha-tocopherol rose rapidly and fell at the same rate following cessation of supplementation with both forms of vitamin E. No significant differences in plasma alpha- or gamma-tocopherol levels were found between the two forms of vitamin E following their administration. The results confirm the currently accepted biopotencies of 1.0 IU/mg and 1.36 IU/mg, respectively for the two forms of vitamin E. Supplementation with either form of alpha-tocopheryl acetate resulted in depressing plasma gamma-tocopherol to less than 1/3 of initial levels; also the gamma/alpha ratio was depressed to less than 1/7 of the initial value. The study suggests that the gamma/alpha vitamin E ratio might also serve as a sensitive index of alpha-tocopherol ingestion.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Blood vitamin and choline concentrations in healthy domestic cats, dogs, and horses.

Blood concentrations of thiamin, biotin, nicotinates, pantothenates, folates, riboflavin, vitamins A, B6, B12, C, E, beta-carotene and choline were analyzed in healthy animals (23 horses, 25 dogs, and 29 cats). B-Complex vitamins and choline also were analyzed in the liver of the dogs and cats. Vitamin concentrations in the blood and livers of dogs were similar; however, blood vitamin A and beta-carotene concentrations were lower in the cat than in the dog. Horses had a higher B12 blood concentration than did the dogs and cats. These data can be useful for detecting overt and hidden vitamin deficits in these species due to various conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Vitamin content of some normal human brain segments.

Nicotinates, pantothenates, riboflavin, vitamins B6 and B12' free (acetyl) and total (free and bound) choline, biopterin, thiamin, biotin, methylated and nonmethylated folates in frontal, temporal, precentral, postcentral, and occipital cortex, thalamus, cerebellum, pons, basal ganglia, and substantia nigra were estimated. Nicotinates are significantly more concentrated in basal ganglia and thalamus than pons. Nonmethylated folate content is not significantly varied in brain segments; the pons contains more methylated folate. Riboflavin content is higher in the basal ganglia and temporal cortex than frontal cortex. Biotin is concentrated in pons and basal ganglia. Thiamin concentration is less in the postcentral cortex than the thalamus and substantia nigra. Biopterin is significantly higher in substantia nigra and basal ganglia than the other brain segments. Total choline content is high in substantia nigra, pons, and thalamus; free (acetyl) choline is significantly elevated in basal ganglia. B12 content is less concentrated in the cortex segments. B6 is highly concentrated in the basal ganglia. Pantothenate content is elevated in pons when compared to the various cortex segments and cerebellum.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Water soluble vitamins in granulocytes, erythrocytes, and plasma obtained from chronic hemodialysis patients.

A granulocyte fraction, composed primarily of polymorphonuclear neutrophils, was harvested from six male and six female chronic hemodialysis patients receiving folate as their sole vitamin supplement. Cells were assayed for water soluble vitamins and levels compared with cells from 12 age- and sex-matched controls. Thiamin, riboflavin, and vitamin B6 and B12 levels were not significantly different from controls. In contrast, pantothenate and biotin were significantly increased while ascorbate and nicotinate were significantly reduced in dialysis patients. Neutrophil folylmonoglutamates were significantly increased in chronic hemodialysis patients, but after conjugase treatment no significant difference was observed. The erythrocytes and plasma from these two groups were also compared. In the erythrocytes of chronic hemodialysis patients, no vitamin deficiencies were observed. Significantly elevated levels of vitamin B12, riboflavin, biotin, and pantothenate were present in the patients, while thiamin, vitamin B6, nicotinate, and ascorbate were not significantly different from controls. In plasma, only ascorbate was significantly decreased in the patient group; biotin, riboflavin, and pantothenate were elevated. No significant difference was observed for vitamins B6, B12, and thiamin.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Role of placenta in maternal-fetal vitamin transfer in humans.

Vitamins B12, B6, biotin, folate, thiamine, riboflavin, pantothenate, and nicotinate were determined in maternal and fetal blood and placental tissue of normovitaminemic and hypovitaminemic mothers who disclaimed supplemental vitamin intake during pregnancy. No biotin or pantothenate deficits were observed in the gravidas. Hypovitaminemic mothers transferred less B12, folate, and B6 to the fetus and placenta than normovitaminemic mothers. Vitamins given by mouth increased maternal fetal, and placental levels of folate, but B6 increased only in maternal blood and the placenta; biotin and pantothenate increased only in fetal blood. Except for riboflavin, nicotinate, and pantothenate, the intramuscular administration of vitamins increased the levels of other vitamins in maternal and fetal blood and placental tissue. Results suggest that the placenta stores vitamins and the tissue vitamin receptors must be saturated before adequate transfer of vitamins to the fetus occurs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Elevated vitamin levels in colon adenocarcinoma as compared with metastatic liver adenocarcinoma from colon primary and normal adjacent tissue.

Twenty-four samples of colon adenocarcinoma removed at surgery and autopsy together with adjacent uninvaded normal colon from the same subjects were analyzed for vitamin B12 and B6, biopterin, nicotinate, riboflavin, pantothenate, thiamin, biotin, and folates. Nine specimens of metastatic liver adenocarcinoma from colon primary together with adjacent uninvaded normal liver were also analyzed for these same vitamins. Primary colon adenocarcinoma contains significantly (P less than 0.001) more of the above vitamins than normal colon; 1.8- to 3.5-fold higher concentrations of vitamins were found in this tumor. In contrast, vitamin B12 levels were almost two-fold lower. Unlike colon tumor, metastatic liver adenocarcinoma from colon primary contained from 1.2- to 28-fold lower vitamin concentration than normal liver tissue. The present findings suggest that those types of primary tumors with conspicuously high vitamin content needed for the enhanced growth and catalysis of tumor metabolism may be arrested with antivitamins targeted at metabolic sites other than those involved with nucleic acid synthesis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Oral versus intramuscular vitamin supplementation for hypovitaminosis in the elderly.

Thiamin, folate, biotin, riboflavin, nicotinates, pantothenate, carotenes, and vitamins B6, B12, A, E and C were measured in the blood of 228 elderly ambulatory residents of a nursing home. Their mean age was 87 years (range, 60-102). None had undergone major surgical procedures; their diet was good, and each had received at least one multivitamin pill every day for 3 to 5 months before the study. A comparison group of 204 healthy volunteers, aged 20-50 was also studied. Of the 228 elderly subjects, 88 (39 percent) showed vitamin deficits despite oral vitamin supplementation. Single and multiple deficits of vitamin B6, nicotinate, vitamin B12, folate, and thiamin were found. Three months after a single intramuscular injection of multivitamins (with no other vitamin supplementation), these deficits were no longer detectable in the blood of 89-100 percent of the vitamin-deficient elderly. Intramuscular rather than oral vitamin supplementation is a more effective method for maintaining adequate blood levels of vitamins in the elderly; the intramuscualr route apparently promotes saturation of tissue stores with enough vitamins to meet the needs, and thus obviates problems of vitamin malabsorption possibly due to drug interference or small-bowel atrophy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

A vitamin profile of heroin addiction.

Circulating thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinates, folates, vitamin B12, B6, A, and carotenes of 149 heroin addicts aged 17-60 years were compared to 204 healthy subjects not using drugs or vitamins. Only 24 per cent of the addicts had no evidence of hypovitaminemia; 45 per cent and 37 per cent had vitamin B6 and folate deficit respectively, whereas deficits of thiamine, vitamin B12, riboflavin, and nicotinate were recorded for 13-19 per cent of the addict population; impaired liver function in addicts did not influence these results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Assay for free and total choline activity in biological fluids and tissues of rats and man with Torulopsis pintolopessi.

The sensitive, specific growth response to choline activity of the thermophilic enteric yeast Torulopsis pintolopessi enables estimation of free and bound choline activity in rat and human fluids and tissues- as little as 10 ng/ml of choline is measurable. Unlike other microbial assays, estimation of unbound (free) choline activity is not influenced by methionine or phospholipids. The method also distinguishes differences in choline activity of fluids and tissues from choline-deficient and choline-replete rats. Free and bound choline activity in blood, red blood cells, plasma, and liver from choline-deficient rats were almost 2-fold lower than from choline-supplemented animals. Free and bound choline activity in whole brain from choline-deficient rats were signifigantly higher (more than 2-fold). The application of the T. pintolopessi method in studying choline status in man and reasons for high choline activity in brain of choline-deficient rats are suggested.

Adult↗