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Biomedical subjects

O Eremin

Publications and source records attributed to O Eremin.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

A high macrophage content in human breast cancer is not associated with favourable prognostic factors.

The macrophage contents of 40 human primary breast cancers were ascertained using three separate macrophage membrane markers. Four prognostic factors (lymph node status, tumour size, histological grade and oestrogen receptor status) were determined concurrently in these mammary carcinomas. No significant relationship was found between the macrophage content of the mammary carcinomas and any individual prognostic factor. When the patients were grouped according to whether they had 0-2 or 3-4 high risk factors, however, the macrophage content was significantly greater in those tumours with the poorer prognosis, regardless of the marker used to enumerate the cells. A high macrophage content, therefore, is not associated with favourable prognostic factors in breast cancer. Indeed, the present study has revealed the reverse to be the case.

Axilla↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and natural cytotoxicity by retinoic acid.

The present study has shown that in vitro antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and natural cytotoxicity of human blood lymphocytes are inhibited by retinoic acid (5 X 10(-4)M). The inhibition of cytotoxicity is due to a specific effect on the effector lymphocytes and not to an effect on the target cells. The reduction of killing is most pronounced with prolonged incubation (20 h) of the killer cells with retinoic acid, recovery of killer and natural killer cell activity occurring with post-treatment incubation (greater than 24 h, 37 degrees C) in medium. Retinoic acid was found to have an antagonistic effect to interferon in modulating in vitro natural killer cell activity. The mechanism of inhibition by retinoic acid was uncertain but modulation of cell membrane receptors appeared to be a likely possibility.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1983

Varicocoele caused by a pancreatic pseudocyst.

Pseudocysts of the pancreas, when large, can compress adjacent structures giving rise to a series of clinical symptoms and signs. We present a patient whose pseudocyst compressed the left renal and testicular veins, resulting in a left sided varicocoele. We can find no evidence of such a complication having been previously reported.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Blood monocytes and tumor-infiltrating macrophages in human breast cancer: differences in activation level as assessed by lysozyme content.

The lysozyme content of tumor-infiltrating macrophages (TIM) from human breast carcinomas has been compared with that of blood monocytes both from breast cancer patients and tumor-free controls. Cells were identified as macrophages or monocytes with the use of rosetting reactions to detect receptors for the Fc portion of IgG and differentiation antigens, and lysozyme was detected by an immunoperoxidase technique on cytocentrifuge preparations of rosetted cells. Significantly more monocytes from patients with breast cancer contained lysozyme than monocytes from comparable controls, suggesting the presence of activated circulating blood monocytes. Conversely, TIM were virtually devoid of lysozyme. This lack of enzyme was not due to methodologic factors and may represent defective antitumor activity.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1982

Lymphoreticular cells in human brain tumours and in normal brain.

The present investigation, using various rosetting assays of cell suspensions prepared by mechanical disaggregation or collagenase digestion, demonstrated lymphoreticular cells in human normal brain (cerebral cortex and cerebellum) and in malignant brain tumours. The study revealed T and B lymphocytes and their subsets (bearing receptors for Fc(IgG) and C3) in 5/14 glioma suspensions, comprising less than 15% of the cell population. Between 20-60% of cells in tumour suspensions morphologically resembled macrophages and less than or equal to 75% of these cells formed strong rosettes. Lymphocytes were not found in cancer-free (putatively normal) brain. Macrophages and the smaller "microglial cells" (both phagocytic, staining with sudan black, and expressing Fc(IgG) and C3 receptors) were found in normal brain in numbers similar to those in tumour suspensions, but with less rosetting avidity. These cells may be part of an immunological defence mechanism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

T-lymphocyte and B-lymphocyte subpopulations infiltrating human mammary carcinomas.

Both T- and B-lymphocytes were found in human primary mammary carcinomas and were distributed in widely varying amounts, but in most tumors, T-lymphocytes predominated. A small percentage of the T-lymphocytes expressed receptors for the Fc portion of IgG (Fc gamma R), but very few had receptors for C3 (C3+) (comparable to the findings in blood). A prominent subset of lymphocytes had Fc gamma R and were C3+, and most of these were surface immunoglobulin (slg)-bearing cells. The majority of lymphocytes from this subset were Fc+ C3+, and only a small percentage were Fc+ C3- (in contrast to the findings in blood). IgD and IgM were the predominant classes of findings in blood). IgD and IgM were the predominant classes of immunoglobulin found on the B-lymphocytes. The different preparative techniques did not result in a selective loss of lymphocyte subsets, but collagenase digestion did lead to a loss of expression of the C3 receptor on the lymphocyte surface, which was recoverable when lymphocytes were reincubated at 37 degrees C. No evidence was found for blocking of the C3 receptor by immune complexes with activated complement.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Mouse red blood cell rosettes: human B and some T lymphocytes express receptors for mouse erythrocytes in the presence of Ficoll.

Inclusion of 14% Ficoll in the assay of rosette formation of human lymphocytes with mouse red blood cells (RBC) markedly enhances the cellular interaction. Both the strength of the rosettes (number of attached RBC) and the number of reacting lymphocytes are increased significantly, irrespective of the lymphocyte source--blood, lymph node and tonsil. In the presence of Ficoll, most of the sIg-bearing B lymphocytes [expressing receptors for Fc(IgG) and/or C3] and a significant number of the sheep RBC-rosetting T lymphocytes (particularly the nylon wool non-adherent subset from the tonsil), express receptors for the mouse erythrocyte.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Characterization of the phagocytic cells isolated from the human placenta.

The present study has shown that the human placenta (first trimester and full term) contains a significant population of mononuclear cells (isolated by proteolytic treatment) expressing receptors for Fc(IgG) and C3 and bearing surface immunoglobulin that is probably cytophilic. The cells, as assessed by morphology, resemble macrophages and actively partake in both immune and nonimmune phagocytosis. The receptor and phagocytic characteristics of the placenta suggest that it may be regarded as an important compartment of the reticuloendothelial system and that these properties probably contribute significantly to its defensive role in utero.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1981

Sephadex G-10 columns do not retain selectively T or B lymphocyte subpopulations.

The passage through Sephadex G-10 columns of lymphocytes prepared from different lymphoid compartments of man, guinea pig and rabbit, did not result in a selective loss of lymphocyte subsets, as assessed by various rosetting assays. This lack of T and B lymphocyte loss was seen irrespective of whether glass beads or a fine mesh net was used as a support for the Sephadex G-10 column.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Lymphocytes infiltrating human breast cancers lack K-cell activity and show low levels of NK-cell activity.

Lymphocytes infiltrating human primary mammary carcinomas lack ADCC and show low levels of natural cytotoxicity. The peripheral blood lymphocytes, however, show a variable but prominent level of cytotoxicity. Lymphocyte preparations from breast tumours, when mixed with autologous blood lymphocytes, significantly suppress their prominent killer- (K- and NK-) cell activities.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Human regional tumour lymph nodes: alterations of micro-architecture and lymphocyte subpopulations.

Axillary lymph nodes draining mammary carcinoma showed an alteration of both micro-architectue and lymphocyte subpopulations. Lymph nodes with a normal or increased T and/or B lymphocyte compartment (assessed by histology) had a low incidence of nodal tumour spread, whilst hypocellularity of the T- or B-lymphocyte-dependent areas was associated with a significant increase in metastatic invasion. Tumour-draining lymph nodes, in particular the more proximal ones, were often enlarged, spherical and tense due to an increased cellular content, predominatly B lymphocytes and their various subsets. The increased number and percentage of B lymphocytes was associated with follicular hyperplasia and prominent germinal centres. Lymph nodes with a prominent paracortex tended to have a higher ratio of T to B lymphocytes than nodes with a hypocellular paracortical area, but in many instances both the T- and B-lymphocyte-dependent areas were increased. There was no correlation between a particular axillary-node lymphocyte subpopulation pattern (assessed by surface markers) and the size, degree of necrosis, inflammatory infiltrate or histologic type of breast carcinoma, or the presence of metastatic node invasion.

Axilla↗
PubMed1980

Natural cytotoxicity in the guinea-pig: the natural killer (NK) cell activity of the Kurloff cell.

Natural killer (NK) cell activity was found in the various lymphoid compartments of the normal guinea-pig, prominent in the spleen and absent in the thymus. Oestrogen treatment, which increased the Kurloff cell population in blood, spleen and thymus, did not alter NK cell activity in blood and spleen but markedly augmented the lytic capacity of the thymus. Rosetting reactions and selective depletion studies in normal and oestrogen-treated animals revealed the NK cells to belong to a small population of E+ Kurloff cells, some of which were Fc+ and others apparently Fc-. Some of these natural killer cells in the spleen also had receptors for C3 and carried Ig (probably cytophilic). In the lymph nodes, however, the NK cells were found to be E+ lymphocytes, again some of which were Fc+ and others Fc-.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Human natural cytotoxicity in the blood and lymphoid organs of healthy donors and patients with malignant disease.

Natural cytotoxicity against CLA-4 and D6 target cells was determined in the peripheral blood of healthy donors and women with mammary carcinoma (localized to the breast and axilla), and in human normal and regional tumour lymph nodes. The NK cell activity in the blood of women with clinically localized mammary carcinoma showed a wide range of reactivities but was similar to the pattern detected in healthy controls. The NK cell activity in human normal lymph nodes also showed a wide range and was the same irrespective of the anatomical site of origin of the lymph node. Lymph nodes draining a variety of solid tumours had a similar spectrum of NK cell activity, there being no obvious correlation between the level of NK cell activity and such parameters as size and histological type of tumour, hyperplasia or metastatic spread in the regional node. Trypsin treatment of lymphocyte suspensions from the various lymphoid compartments suggested that the cell responsible for natural cytotoxicity in blood was probably different from the NK cell in tonsil and lymph nodes.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Characterization of the human natural killer (NK) cell in blood and lymphoid organs.

The human natural killer (NK) cell in peripheral blood is a non-thymus-dependent, (Fc+ C3-), Ig-bearing lymphocyte and is probably identical to the human K cell, although not requiring the Fc receptor, in contrast to the K cell, for the lytic process. The human NK cell in tonsil and lymph node, on the other hand, is a non-Ig- bearing T lymphocyte, lacking both Fc and C3 receptors.

Cell Migration Inhibition↗