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Biomedical subjects

O Ekberg

Publications and source records attributed to O Ekberg.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Cineradiography of the pharyngeal stage of deglutition in 150 individuals without dysphagia.

With the aid of cineradiography the pharyngeal stage of deglutition was examined at a speed of 50 and 100 frames per second among 150 individuals without dysphagia. In 124 (83%) the act of swallowing had a symmetrical and synchronous pattern. Different types of aberrations from this pattern were registered in 26 individuals (17%). In seven individuals the epiglottis did not tilt down properly but remained in a transverse position during deglutition. In eight individuals, contrast medium passed into the laryngeal vestibule. Seven individuals had a dysfunction of the cricopharyngeal muscle which did not relax properly. One individual had a web in the upper oesophagus. In all but two individuals the aberrations were isolated and not concomitant with other abnormalities of the act of swallowing.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Cineradiography of the pharyngeal stage of deglutition in 250 patients with dysphagia.

In order to define the diagnostic outcome of cineradiographic examination of the swallowing act (pharyngeal stage) in patients with dysphagia, 250 such patients were consecutively examined at filmspeeds of 50 and 100 frames per second. Synchronous and symmetrical swallowing was observed in 20% of the patients while 80% exhibited functional abnormalities i.e., epiglottic dysfunction (33%), misdirected swallowing and aspiration (41%), cricopharyngeal dysfunction (22%), paresis of the pharyngeal constrictor musculature (10%), webs (15%) and Zenker diverticula (2%). These results clearly indicate that cineradiography can frequently disclose functional abnormalities in the act of swallowing among patients with dysphagia and explain the symptoms of these patients. Cineradiography is clearly superior to conventional single-film technique in revealing functional abnormalities in the act of swallowing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Defective closure of the laryngeal vestibule during deglutition.

Two-hundred and fifty patients with dysphagia were studied with cineradiography of the pharyngeal stage of deglutition. In 103 a defective closure of the laryngeal vestibule was disclosed. In 58 patients the closing of the supraglottic space, i.e., the inferior portion of the laryngeal vestibule was normal while the subepiglottic space, i.e., the superior portion of the laryngeal vestibule, was defective. In 41 patients neither the supraglottic nor the subepiglottic space closed properly during the act of deglutition. In 29 of these the contrast medium reached into the trachea. The defective closure of the laryngeal vestibule could be distinguished into two principally different categories. The first category could be discerned as a delayed closure of the vestibule allowing contrast medium to enter. This contrast medium was later expressed back into the pharynx when the vestibule was closed. The second category could be discerned as an inability to close-the vestibule remained open during the whole time lapse of swallowing. The contrast medium remained in the vestibule until it was either aspirated or expelled by vigorous coughing.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Cervical oesophageal webs in patients with dysphagia.

A series of 250 patients with dysphagia examined by cine-radiography and conventional single film technique revealed oesophageal webs in 38 and 26 patients respectively. In four patients there were two webs. There were eight males and 30 females which corresponds to an incidence of 8 and 20%, respectively (mean 15%), in patients referred for X-ray examination of the hypopharynx or oesophagus. Concomitant functional abnormalities in the act of swallowing were seen in 25 patients, i.e. pharyngeal constrictor muscle paresis of varying degree, cricopharyngeal incoordination, misdirected swallowing, epiglottic dysfunction and Zenker diverticulum. In five patients there was a malignant lesion as well, i.e. in the larynx, oesophagus, pharynx or stomach. With the aid of cine-radiography it is possible to show the presence of webs in a significantly higher proportion of patients with dysphagia compared with the conventional spot film technique. With cine-radiography it is also possible to demonstrate concomitant functional abnormalities which are frequently present in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Relationship between plasma, dentin and bone fluoride concentrations in rats following long-term fluoride administration.

A detailed knowledge of fluoride (F) pharmacokinetics is necessary if its pharmacologic and toxicologic effects are to be adequately understood. In the present study plasma F concentrations have been analysed using repeated blood samples taken from the ethmoidal sinus of rats given 25, 50, 100 and 150 p.p.m. F in drinking water ad libitum for 79 days. A close relationship between the F-concentration in the drinking water and plasma F concentrations was found. When the administration of F was stopped, a rapid decline in plasma F concentration was noted during 48 hrs in all groups. The plasma F concentrations in the 25 p.p.m. group returned to preexperimental levels but remained elevated in the other groups. The F concentrations of dentin and bone were determined and calculated on a dry fat free basis. The results show that there was a close relationship between plasma, bone and dentin concentrations.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Inguinal herniography in adults: technique, normal anatomy, and diagnostic criteria for hernias.

In 146 adults (88 men, 58 women) with groin pain of uncertain origin and normal physical examinations, herniography disclosed inguinal hernias in 40 (45%) men and in 19 (33%) women. There were no false-positive or false-negative herniographic diagnoses among 20 patients who were operated upon subsequently. These results indicate that herniography is a useful examination in the evaluation of adults with groin pain of obscure origin.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Screening for urinary tract abnormalities with single-film urography after phlebography and angiography.

Single-film urography was performed after phlebography or angiography in 2,335 patients. Abnormal results were reported in 52 of these patients. Subsequent complete urography verified two significant abnormalities (one renal calculus and one renal cell carcinoma). In addition, there were 28 less significant abnormalities. In 22 patients the single-film urography was incorrectly reported as abnormal. Among the 2,283 normal single-film studies there were three cases of false-negative results (two renal cell carcinoma and one renal calculus with perinephritis). This study does not confirm the value of routine single-film urography after phlebography and angiography.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

The herniographic appearance of direct inguinal hernias in adults.

Inguinal hernias can be demonstrated by positive contrast herniography in children and adults. In this latter age-group direct inguinal hernias are frequent and can appear with different location and shape. In this series of 39 inguinal hernias in 25 adults five different types could be distinguished, according to location. Lateral direct inguinal hernias were found protruding in an anterior direction from the medial inguinal fossa. Inguinofemoral hernias protruded in a mainly inferior direction from the medial inguinal fossa. Medial direct inguinal hernias protruded from the lateral region of the supravesical fossa just medial to the medial inguinal fold. Diverticular direct inguinal hernias were located in the medial aspect of the supravesical fossa. Supravesical inguinal hernias were located in the mid-line. The distinction between these direct hernias and their relation to and distinction from other hernias in the inguinal region is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Positive contrast herniography in adult patients with obscure groin pain.

To evaluate its clinical benefit in adults, herniography was used in 73 patients with clinically unexplained groin pain. Hernias were demonstrated on the side with symptoms in 26 patients (36%). Relief of groin pain was registered in 16 of 17 patients who subsequently underwent operation. We consider herniography to be of value in the examination of adult patients with clinically unclear groin pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Radiology in primary small bowel adenocarcinoma.

In a retrospective study, films from radiologic examinations of 13 patients with primary adenocarcinoma of the small bowel were reviewed. All patients had a barium examination and in 5 cases angiography was also performed. The barium studies disclosed strictures with overhanging edges in 11 patients, in 4 of whom there was a pronounced prestenotic dilation. Angiographically the predominant findings were in all cases hypovascularity and displacement of vessels. In 4 patients there was also encasement. Neovascularity was present in 2 patients. One patient showed angiographic changes due to intussusception.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Radiography in primary tumors of the small bowel.

The value of radiography in patients with tumors of the small bowel was assessed retrospectively in 63 patients, who had been subjected to radiography, in a series of 118 patients treated for such tumors. Thirteen of 17 jejunal tumors (76%) and 19 of 46 ileal tumors (41%) were diagnosed preoperatively. Elective barium examination of the small bowel was performed in 36 patients, in whom the tumors were diagnosed in 18. When the small bowel examination was performed during obstruction, 7 of 21 tumors were diagnosed. With the barium examination, adenocarcinomas and carcinoid tumors were often diagnosed correctly. In 32 patients angiography was carried out, and the nature of the tumor was disclosed in 24 (75%).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Ioglycamide acid (Bilivistan) low-dose drip-infusion cholangiography.

Fifty-five anicteric patients with acute upper abdominal pain were examined with low-dose drip-infusion cholangiography using ioglycamide acid (17 ml Bilivistan, 280 mg I/ml) given over two hours. Good visualization of the biliary system was achieved and no adverse effects were recorded. There was good agreement between the cholangiographic diagnostic and the peroperative findings. No false negative findings were disclosed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Predictive value of small bowel radiography for recurrent Crohn Disease.

Small bowel radiographs of 53 patients who had remote surgery for Crohn disease were reviewed. In 10 of these, the radiographic studies could be compared with pathologic specimens from recent reoperations. The correlation of radiographic features and photographic and histopathologic alterations in these specimens was very close. Normal radiographs were found in 21 patients. In the other 32 patients, various types of inflammatory lesions were recorded. Submucosal edema was seen as broad folds in 23 patients, as irregular folds in 10 patients, and as absence of mucosal folds in nine patients. Superficial ulcerations were seen in 22 patients. Transmural lesions were seen in 14 patients but were seldom pronounced. Patients with normal postoperative small bowel radiographs had no signs of clinical recurrence, whereas 27% (4/15) of those with submucosal edema and superficial ulcerations had clinical signs of recurrence. In 87% (13/15) of patients with transmural lesions, there was clinical recurrence. Local progression could be documented in two of 20 patients. There were no instances of axial progression. Postoperative small bowel radiography seems to have useful predictive value for recurrent Crohn disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Herniography].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Superficial lesions in Crohn's disease of the small bowel.

Double-contrast examinations of the small bowel were compared with operative specimens obtained within 4 weeks after X-ray evaluation of 20 patients with Crohn's disease. Objective evidence of superficial lesions was submucosal edema and superficial ulcerations observed in the operative specimens. Edema was seen radiographically in 18 of 20 patients. Superficial ulcerations were seen radiographically in 8 of 14 patients. These ulcerations were either single with edematous edges or smaller, multiple, and more uniformly spread. The diagnosis demands a high-quality technique and even then the diagnostic accuracy is not always optimal.

Crohn Disease↗
PubMed1979

[The radiologic diagnosis of inguinal hernias. Experience with the use of intraperitoneal iodinated contrast media (author's transl)].

By injecting an iodine contrast medium into the abdominal cavity and by placing the patient in a position with the table somewhat elevated, it is easy to visualize the inguinal region. The examination is performed with the X-ray tube angulated caudally, and exposures are made while the patient is straining. The method is well adapted for patients with obscure pains in the groins, for patients operated for hernias but not cured of pain and for patients in whom symptoms recur postoperatively without clinical evidence of hernial relapse. The value of the methode appears from four short case reports.

Adult↗