Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

O Ekberg

Publications and source records attributed to O Ekberg.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Ileocecal abnormalities in appendiceal abscess.

The radiologic findings were reviewed in 16 patients with surgically proven appendiceal abscesses. The indirect indication of abscess comprised displacement of the cecum or small bowel, deformation of the cecum and filling defects or non-filling of the appendix. One or more of these abnormalities were observed in all the patients. In addition a fistula and a cavity were filled in 2 patients.

Abscess↗
PubMed1978

Experimental colonic tumours in the rat. III. Induction time, distribution and appearance of induced tumours.

In 189 rats N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine or 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) was given in order to induce colonic tumours. The tumour induction was followed by double contrast examination. At 894 examinations 196 adenomatous tumours were revealed. Autopsy and microscopy revealed 214 macroscopic and 53 microscopic benign or malignant adenomatous tumours. Metastases were found in 17 per cent in the DMH group. The relationship between adenomas and carcinomas is also evaluated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Cecal changes following appendectomy.

The appearance of the cecum was followed from two days to 18 months after appendectomy in a series of 12 patients. The changes were often discrete and well defined. The typical localized deformation of the medial aspect of the cecum due to the invaginated appendiceal stump disappeared in half of the patients while its size was not reduced in the other half of the patients. The localized deformation was rather constant in size and measured approximately 2 X 2 cm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Double contrast examination of the small bowel.

The technique for contrast examination of the small bowel has been considerably elaborated during recent years by the reintroduction of duodenal intubation by Sellink. A double contrast method for the small bowel via duodenal intubation is presented based on a prospective study of 202 patients. When the injected contrast medium had reached the cecum, air was introduced and double contrast views were obtained of the terminal ileum and cecum. It was noted that air passed very rapidly through the bowel but did not seem to influence that transit of the positive contrast medium. The duration of the examination in 75% of the cases was less than 45 min.

Cecum↗
PubMed1977

Crohn's disease of the small bowel examined by double contrast technique: a comparison with oral technique.

The combination of orally administered bartion is an old method which has come into use again. The technique is simple to perform and the examination is of short duration. In order to evaluate the applicability of this method it was compared with the oral technique in 43 patients with Crohn's disease of the small bowel who were examined by both methods. The tube technique revealed more clearly all pathologic changes except fistulas. The proximal extension of the changes and their demarcation from healthy intestine appeared more distinctly with the tube technique.

Crohn Disease↗
PubMed1977

Radiological findings in Yersinia ileitis.

Bacteriological and clinical studies of patients with acute retional ileitis indicate that numerous patients with this diagnosis have a benign ileitis of short duration, caused by Yersinia enterocolitica, whereas others develop chronic Crohn's disease. Yersinia ileitis has some clinical and radiological features in common with Crohn's disease, but the two conditions are basically separate. In Yersinia ileitis, three stages are apparent: (a) the nodular stage, lasting up to three weeks; (b) the edematous stage (4th-5th week); and (c) resolution, observed during the 5th-8th week. The radiological findings in 25 patients with Yersinia ileitis and their distinction from Crohn's disease are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Plasma fluoride and enamel fluorosis.

It is postulated that tissue fluid F concentrations are the primary determinants of flouride effects on bones and developing teeth and that these concentrations are dependent on, or mirrored by, blood plasma F. It has earlier been shown that the plasma F levels are dependent on the dietary F supply as well as on skeletal F concentration. Fasting and post-ingestion or postinjection plasma F levels have been determined in rats on F doses that cause different degrees of enamel fluorosis. The results indicate that temporary peak values rather than elevated fasting values are responsible for the occurrence of enamel fluorosis and that the peak values must approach about 10 muM in order to block enamel formation by the ameloblasts. The diagnostic and prognostic importance of plasma F determinations is discussed.

Amelogenesis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Solid-state computerized manometry improves diagnostic yield in pharyngeal dysphagia: simultaneous videoradiography and manometry in dysphagia patients with normal barium swallows.

OBJECTIVE: Dynamic barium radiology with cine- or video recording has been the most frequently used technique for assessing patients with pharyngeal dysphagia. Although the diagnostic yield of the barium swallow has been high, many patients with pharyngeal dysphagia have normal dynamic barium radiology and remain a diagnostic dilemma. Could manometry add important diagnostic information in these patients? MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 19 patients (12 men and 7 women, mean age 47 years, range 19-69 years) with pharyngeal dysphagia but a normal barium swallow with simultaneous videoradiography and pharyngeal manometry and compared their manometry to that found in 24 normal volunteers (11 men and 13 women, mean age 37 years, range 23-59 years). RESULTS: Comparing mean values, the patient group showed statistically significant differences from the control group for eight of 10 manometric parameters. Fourteen of 19 patients showed at least one (five patients) and in most cases multiple (nine patients) manometric abnormalities (values exceeding normal mean by +/- 2SD) which might have contributed to their dysphagia: five patients with high upper esophageal sphincter (UES) resting pressures, five with high UES residual pressures, three with weak pharyngeal contractions, three with pharyngeal "spasms," seven with prolonged contraction/relaxation times, five with reduced compliance, and seven with UES/P incoordination. CONCLUSIONS: Solid-state computerized manometry is a useful adjunct to videoradiography and can provide potentially important additional information in the diagnosis of dysphagia patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasound examination of the small bowel: comparison with enteroclysis in patients with Crohn disease.

BACKGROUND: Screening for inflammatory small bowel disease has hereto relied on barium examination, usually performed after duodenal intubation. A noninvasive technique for imaging of the small bowel in such patients would be preferable. METHODS: A total of 59 patients were included in the study. A small bowel barium examination (SBE) was performed after duodenal intubation using a barium and air double-contrast technique. Ultrasound (US) of the right lower quadrant was performed with a 3.5- or 5-MHz transducer. The patients fasted overnight. RESULTS: In 37 of 39 patients with a normal SBE, US was also normal. In 20 patients, SBE showed lesions compatible with Crohn disease and in 18 of these the US study showed thickening of the bowel wall. One of these patients later tested positive for Yersinia enterocolitica. There were two false-positive and two false-negative US examinations. For detection of inflammatory disease of the small bowel, US was calculated to have a sensitivity of 0.95, specificity of 0.93, accuracy of 0.93, predictive value of a positive test was 0.90, and a predictive value of a negative test was 0.95. CONCLUSIONS: US, therefore, seems to be a reliable method in the workup of patients suspected of having inflammatory small bowel disease. Thereby, US probably can select patients for SBF.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Femoral hernia: clinical significance of radiologic diagnosis.

UNLABELLED: A retrospective study of 18 patients with femoral hernia assessed by herniography is presented. Although a palpable lump was present in 11 patients (61%), the diagnosis of a femoral hernia was not made before herniography. Surgical exploration was performed in 12 patients and a femoral hernia was found and repaired with beneficial outcome in 9 of them. IN CONCLUSION: herniography is of value for the diagnosis of a femoral hernia in patients with obscure groin pain.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neck pain and dysphagia: MRI of retropharyngitis.

OBJECTIVE: Acute neck pain developing over hours or a few days is often an alarming symptom that may be due to an inflammatory process or another process affecting the spine or the spinal canal, nerve roots, or peripheral nerves. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four patients with acute onset of neck pain and dysphagia are presented. They were examined with MRI and CT, barium swallow, and plain radiography of the neck. RESULTS: In all patients T2-weighted MRI demonstrated a slitlike area with high signal intensity in the retropharyngeal space at the level C2-C7 suggestive of inflammation in the retropharyngeal space. The patients were treated with antibiotics and antiinflammatory drugs and became asymptomatic rapidly. CONCLUSION: We suggest the name retropharyngitis for this characteristic disease entity. Patients with acute onset of neck pain and dysphagia should undergo MRI to reach the correct diagnosis rapidly.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dysfunction of pharyngeal swallowing. A cineradiographic investigation in 854 dysphagia patients.

Cineradiography of pharyngeal swallowing was performed in 854 patients (389 males and 465 females) with dysphagia and analyzed for pharyngeal function. Epiglottic dysmotility was registered in 206 patients (24%), defective closure of the laryngeal vestibule in 318 patients (37%), paresis in pharyngeal constrictors in 130 patients (15%), dysfunction of the cricopharyngeal muscle in 215 patients (25%), webs in 130 patients (15%), Zenker diverticula in 20 patients (2%) and Killian-Jamieson diverticula in 16 patients (2%). The symptom dysphagia was more frequent among young women compared with young men. Over the age of 65 the relation was reversed. Pharyngeal dysfunction was more common among young men than young women and this was due to a high frequency of dysfunction of the laryngeal vestibule in young men. Epiglottic dysfunction and dysfunction of the laryngeal vestibule, pharyngeal paresis, cricopharyngeal incoordination and webs showed an increased frequency with age, while diverticula did not. Pharyngeal constrictor paresis was more common in men. Defective relaxation of the cricopharyngeal muscle and webs were more common among old women compared with old men.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chalasia of the upper esophageal sphincter.

Four patients with absence of stable tonus (chalasia) of the pharyngo-esophageal segment, i.e., the cricopharyngeal muscle and the adjacent cervical esophagus, are reported. The tonus between swallows was completely absent in 2 patients and was seriously impaired in 2. All patients had normal peristalsis in the cricopharyngeal muscle but delayed or absent peristalsis in the cervical esophagus. In one patient the relaxation of the cricopharyngeal muscle during the passage of the bolus was incomplete. Various other functional abnormalities in the pharynx were present as well. The observed abnormalities are interpreted in relation to current understanding of motor mechanisms in the area of the pharyngo-esophageal segment.

Aged↗