Biomedical subjects

O Eber

Publications and source records attributed to O Eber.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

Involvement of the immune system in iodine deficient goiter.

Iodine deficient goiters were studied by immunohistochemistry and showed extensive presence and typical arrangement of dendritic cells, known to have excellent antigen presenting capacity. These cells were positive for all MHC-class II epitopes and for ICAM-1. Epithelial follicle lining cells were also seen to be class II positive but lacked ICAM-1. Thyroglobulin seemed not to be iodinated at the C-terminal hormogenic site, as shown by reactions with monoclonal antibodies. Iodine therapy, as well as thyroxine therapy were effective in reducing thyroid size. Both forms of therapy were found to decrease the pretreatment levels of circulating thyroid growth stimulating immunoglobulins (TGI).

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1992

[Schmidt syndrome--a case report].

Pathologic organ specific autoimmune disease frequently affect endocrine glands and mostly lead to an insufficiency of the organs involved. Immunoendocrine diseases often occur in a polyglandular fashion and are consequently termed autoimmune polyglandular syndromes or immunoendocrinopathy syndromes. Among the different types one of the most frequent is known as Schmidt's syndrome or typus tyreosuprarenalis. Two case reports typical for this syndrome are described from a clinical point of view indicating also the respective diagnostics.

Addison Disease↗

PubMed1992

[Effect of naftidrofuryl on viscoelasticity, thrombocyte aggregation and erythrocyte fluidity of blood].

In 30 patients suffering from cerebrovascular disease stage I with atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid's bifurcation the effect of a 7-days application with 400 mg Naftidrofuryl versus NaCl was tested. As parameters viscosity and elasticity of whole blood, plasma viscosity, erythrocytes' and membrane fluidity point, as well as platelet aggregation (spontaneous, ADP-, Epinephrine- and Collagen-induced) were determined before onset, after 4 days and after 8 days. After 8 days treatment with naftidrofuryl there was a significant improvement in viscosity and elasticity of whole blood as well as in erythrocytes' elongation, membrane-fluidity and in the induced test of platelet aggregation.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Autonomic neuropathies in skin and its incidence in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

The autonomic function of nerve fibres was investigated with the newly developed hyperthermal Laser-Doppler-Flowmetry in 45 patients suffering from Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM). They were divided into 3 groups depending on the duration of NIDDM. Group A contained a duration of 1-3 years, group B 4-5 years and group C 5-6 years. All groups showed a dysfunction of autonomic nerve fibres: in group A there were 4 of 11 patients, in group B 2 of 13 and in group C no patients with values within the normal ranges. So autonomic neuropathies of skin seem to be one of the earliest complications in NIDDM

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Lack of specificity of single photon emission computerized tomography in dementia--results of a case of progressive paralysis].

In a 53-year old male suffering from paretic neurosyphilis, SPECT-investigations were performed before and after treatment with high doses of Penicillin G. The patient was admitted for disturbances of speech and concentration, memory disorder and tonic-clonic seizures. Mental examination showed a mild dysphoria and irritability in mood, but no disturbance of orientation, no euphoria or expansive delusions, and no paranoia. Mini-Mental-State examination was within the normal range (28 points); no abnormalities were found on neurologic examination, and CT and MRI investigations showed normal findings. The diagnosis was verified by CSF-examination (pleocytosis, elevated protein, positive Lues reactions). SPECT investigation with Tc 99m HMPAO (20 mCi, single-head rotating camera) revealed a pronounced bilateral parieto-temporal uptake deficiency as observed in patients with dementia of Alzheimer's type. After 18 months the clinical symptoms had remitted, and laboratory findings were improved. On the other hand, the bilateral parieto-temporal uptake deficiency in SPECT remained unchanged. Possible causes of these findings are discussed in relation to neuropathologic findings. It can be concluded that bilateral parieto-temporal uptake deficiency in SPECT is a nonspecific finding and that there is no correlation between clinical improvement and SPECT pattern in paretic neurosyphilis.

Dementia↗

PubMed1991

The immunoscintigraphic use of Tc-99m-labelled monoclonal anti-CEA antibodies (BW 431/26) in patients with suspected primary, recurrent and metastatic breast cancer.

The discrepancy between serum CEA levels and CEA tissue expression in patients with breast cancer is well known. Whereas immunohistochemistry shows positive CEA expression in 70-90%, the serum CEA levels are often within the normal range. We performed immunoscintigraphy and SPECT with a Tc-99m labelled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody (MAb BW 431/26) in 46 women with suspected breast cancer or recurrence. The results of anti-CEA immunoscintigraphy, mammography, serum CEA levels and immunohistochemistry were evaluated according to the histology of the tumor. Histology verified breast cancer or recurrence (pT1 [n = 7], pT2 [n = 17], pT3 [n = 3], pT4 [n = 3]) in 30 out of 46 patients; benign breast disease such as fibrocystic disease, fibroadenoma, fatty necrosis or chronic mastitis was responsible for suspicious mammographic findings in 16 patients. Immuno-SPECT showed 25 true-positive, 5 false-negative, 11 true-negative and 5 false-positive findings (sensitivity 83%, specificity 69%). Anti-CEA immuno-SPECT of 2 patients with bone metastasis showed all lesions previously detected by bone scintigraphy to be CEA-expressing metastases. In contrast, serum CEA levels were slightly elevated in only 5 out of 30 patients with histologically verified breast cancer (sensitivity 17%). The results of immuno-histochemistry were surprising; tissue CEA expression could be demonstrated in only 5 patients with breast cancer. According to our experiences with this Tc-99m labelled anti-CEA MAb, immuno-SPECT is a suitable additional method for the diagnosis of breast cancer and especially of recurrence. Pre-operative serum CEA levels give no support for the differentiation between benign and malignant breast tumors.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1991

Simple determination of iodine in small specimens of thyroid tissue.

This work describes a simple photometric determination of the iodine concentration in thyroid tissue, a method based on the well-known catalytic Sandell-Kolthoff reaction. The modified ceric arsenite reaction is very sensitive and does not require complicated laboratory equipment. It can be performed in any routine clinical laboratory if instructions are followed strictly. By means of this method iodine concentration can be determined even in small specimens, for instance puncture samples of thyroid tissue or thyroid glands of small animals (mouse). Previous to the analysis, the tissue is digested in a mixture of sodium chlorate and perchloric acid at 100 degrees C. Using this manner of digestion between 94 and 110% of iodine in the sample were recovered. Comparison with neutron activation analysis showed excellent agreement of the obtained values.

Humans↗

PubMed1991

[Kinetic effects of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 200.000/0.6-0.66 in hypervolemic hemodilution].

An open study was carried out in order to examine therapeutic effectivity of repeated administration of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 200.000/0.60-0.66 (HES). 10 patients aged 63 to 77 years with peripheral arterial occlusive disease Stage II b were given 500 ml Elohaest as a hypervolemic hemodilution for 12 days. Fasting levels of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) in serum, hematocrit, and serum-alpha-amylase were measured. During the first 4 treatment days, HES levels and serum-alpha-amylase increased in a significant manner; then it fluctuated towards a plateau without significant differences. The hematocrit decreased significantly from the beginning to the end of therapy. So it was possible to show, that during repeated application with the chosen dosage of 6% HAES 200.000/0.6-0.66 there is no dangerous cumulation of HAES.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

[Hypervolemic hemodilution with medium molecular-weight hydroxyethyl starch: effect of duration of administration on viscoelasticity of blood in IIa and IIb peripheral arterial occlusive disease].

45 consecutive patients suffering from peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) stage IIa and b were integrated in a study about the effect of hemorheological parameters due to different application times. The patients were divided into 3 subgroups with different application times: group A received the infusion during 2, group B during 4, and group C during 6 hours. The used substance was 500 ml 6% HES 200,000/0.6-0.66. Except elasticity of group A all hemorheological parameters from group A to group C show a decrease after 6 hours, the trend to the same phenomenon could be observed after 24 hours in group B and C, while group A except plasma viscosity showed even a trend to increasing values compared to onset. As a conclusion of these results, long-time application should be preferred.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Gallopamil and changes of adenosine diphosphate- and collagen-induced thrombocyte aggregation].

In blood samples of 12 healthy volunteers (5 female, 7 male) the influence of Gallopamil (Procorum, CAS 16662-47-8) on the adenosine-diphosphate- (ADP-) and collagen-induced platelet aggregation was studied. Measurements in platelet rich plasma after induction with 1 mumol ADP and 0.5 microgramml collagen with gallopamil were performed. After incubation mit 250 mumol gallopamil a second test was carried out. The parameters were compared with the U-test. After application of 250 mumol gallopamil a significant reduction of ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation could be observed. This is a sign for a protective effect of gallopamil in atherosclerotic disorders due to its calcium-channel blocking property.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗

PubMed1991

[Evaluating thyroid gland function in patients with protein anomalies].

The euthyroid hyperthyroxinemia (EHT) is characterized on the one hand by a normal basal THS or TRH-TSH response but also by high plasma values of total thyroxine (TT4) on the other. However if only TT4 is assessed, "hyperthyroidism" may be diagnosed erroneously. EHT may be caused by an increase of specific thyroxine binding proteins which may be hereditary (permanent) or acquired (transient). The most frequent disturbance is due to an estrogen induced increase of thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) in the course of pregnancy, anticonceptive drugs or estrogen treatment. The albumin associated HT (FDH syndrome), first reported in 1979, has autosomal dominant traits. 144 patients with FDH syndrome were observed during the period between 1984 and 1990, i.e. 7% (1986) of all hyperthyroid patients explored. Family screening is required to prevent unjustified treatment. Additionally existing disturbances of thyroid function as well as other protein binding anomalies may both cause problems in differential diagnosis. Prealbumin associated hyperthyroxinemia (PAAH), first published in 1982, may be due to an inherited increase in affinity, but may also be the consequence of a true elevation of prealbumin plasma concentration in the course of an islet cell cancer; both conditions are extremely rare. Nearly as rare are patients with plasma autoantibodies directed against T4 and/or T3 (5 cases); yet, a reverse T3 autoantibody could be observed in merely 1 case. By means of our modified radio-thyroxine-agarosegel-iceelectrophoresis all such protein anomalies may be diagnosed and differentiated in 1 procedure. Moreover, all other types of EHT must be taken into consideration by differential diagnosis.

Blood Protein Disorders↗

PubMed1991

[Effect of metoprolol on microcirculation and blood viscoelasticity].

In 40 patients microcirculation of skin as well as viscoelasticity of blood and plasma were investigated. 20 of them suffered from essential hypertension (group A) and were treated with metoprolol with a dosage of 50 to 200 mg per day. The rest of 20 subjects were controls (group B). In the group treated with metoprolol the values for blood viscosity were decreased in a significant manner, while skin microcirculation, blood elasticity and plasma viscosity did not show a significant difference. The results demonstrate that metoprolol is not only possible as medication in ischemic disease, but this substance can have a benefit in this indication because of its hemorheological effect.

Blood Flow Velocity↗

PubMed1991

[Modifications in erythrocyte elongation in blood samples of test subjects following gallopamil administration].

In 12 blood samples of healthy non-smokers younger than 40 years the erythrocytes-elongation was studied after Gallopamil-incubation, to obtain data for a possible rheological effect of this substance. For incubation dosages of 20, 50 and 100 micrograms/ml were used. After incubation with 50 and 100 micrograms/ml the elongation index of red blood cells increased in a significant manner. The results show, that Gallopamil does not only have a effect for vasodilatation but also for hemorheological parameters.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Anti-carcinoembryonic antigen immunoscintigraphy (technetium-99m-monoclonal antibody BW 431/26) and serum CEA levels in patients with suspected primary and recurrent colorectal carcinoma.

This study comprises a total of 141 patients with suspected primary and recurrent colorectal carcinomas, in whom immunoscintigraphy with 99mTc-Mab BW 431/26 was performed. Whole-body scans were done 5.5 hr and SPECT imaging of the abdominal region was done at 6 and 24 hr postinjection of 1100 MBq 99mTc-labeled Mab (1 mg). In the course of primary tumor identification (n = 65), sensitivity of anti-CEA immunoscintigraphy was 95%, specificity 91%. In the diagnosis of early recurrences (n = 76), immunoscintigraphy was the method of choice to clarify the problem (sensitivity 94%; specificity 86%). Overall sensitivity of immunoscintigraphy in patients with suspected colorectal carcinomas and early recurrences was 95%, specificity 88%. Human anti-mouse antibodies were found in 29% (80% predominantly anti-isotypic, 20% predominantly anti-idiotypic). In contrast to anti-CEA immunoscintigraphy, the results of serum CEA levels were rather disappointing. Only 18 out of the 43 surgically verified primary colorectal carcinomas and 17 out of 32 patients with recurrences showed elevated serum CEA levels. In our clinical experience with this 99mTc-labeled anti-CEA antibody, immunoscintigraphy can play an important role in the identification of early colorectal recurrences and in postoperative colorectal cancer patients it should be performed in cases with unclear transmission computed tomography.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Volume replacement with 2 equivalent molecular weight dextrans: effect on erythrocyte elongation in vitro].

The influence of 2 dextranes with the identical molecular weight of 70,000 Dalton for erythrocytes' elongation was investigated in-vitro in 12 healthy male subjects. An increasing dosage between 0.5 and 10 mg/ml Dextran (trade name: Dextran 70 "Ebewe") and Dextran B (weight-equivalent) was added and the elongation index of erythrocytes at shear-rate 50/sec was determined under fluid conditions. Dextran B showed a stronger reduction of elongation index than Dextran A with an elevation of difference up to the highest dosage. The results show that although the molecular weight is identical, differences in hemorheological properties could observed. This should be taken into consideration for volume substitution therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Iodine supplementation in the province of Styria].

As far back as 1898 the Austrian Nobel price winner Wagner von Jauregg was the first to recommend iodination of salt as prophylaxis against endemic goitre (prevalence 48%) and cretinism (greater than 10%). In 1923 he achieved in a voluntary iodine supplementation of 5 mg KJ/kg table salt, which only lasted for a number of years. It was in 1963 when finally a mandatory iodized salt prophylaxis was introduced at the rate of 10 mg KJ/kg. In this study the effect of 25 years of iodine supplementation is investigated: Endemic cretinism, hypothyroidism, and goitre in newborns disappeared generally and endemic goitre in pupils was significantly reduced. However, due to epidemiological studies at elementary and secondary schools and army recruitment examinations we still found out endemic goitre grade I (according to WHO) mainly in female juveniles. Examinations were done by palpation, ultrasonography and urinary iodine excretion. In the above as well as in the urine of newborns and in mother's milk the iodine content was significantly lower than in iodine rich countries. Consequently a higher iodination of salt at the rate of 20 mg KJ/kg was recommended by the Austrian Society of Nuclear Medicine in 1985. This suggestion was taken up by the Austrian authorities and it will finally be instituted by law in May 1990 for the benefit of coming generations.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Localization of mediastinal parathyroid adenoma by T1-201 scintiscan and SPECT.

A 64-year-old female patient was admitted to our department for fatigue, pain in the right upper abdomen, obstipation, and meteorism. The laboratory findings showed total calcium and ionized calcium elevated, phosphate close to lower limit, and parathyroid hormone increased. T1-201/Tc-99m subtraction scintiscan of the neck and upper mediastinal region did not give any evidence of isolated enhanced uptake suggesting the presence of parathyroid adenoma. After further increases in calcium and parathyroid hormone level T1-201 whole-body scan and single photon emission computed tomography of the thoracic region were performed. These revealed a circumscribed T1-201 uptake in the mediastinum immediately cranial ventral to the heart base. The postcontrast transmission computed tomography of this area confirmed the finding of the T1-201 scintigraphy with a 4 x 3 x 2 cm tumor. After sternotomy and surgical removal of the mediastinal parathyroid adenoma (chief cell adenoma), calcium and parathyroid hormone levels returned to normal values.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1990

[Erythrocyte elongation with 10% dextran 40,000: comparison of 2 substances].

A dosage-effect-study with two 10% dextrans 40,000 was carried out in 12 venous blood samples of healthy men aged from 21 to 45 years. Dextran A (trade name: Dextran 40,000 "Ebewe") and Dextran B (trade name: "Rheomacrodex") were added in dosages of 0.5 to 10 mg/ml whole blood and the elongation-index of erythrocytes at shearrate 50/sec was determined. From 1 mg up to 10 mg/ml the elongation-index in Dextran B showed a stronger decrease than in Dextran A. Under the highest dosage the difference was about 20%. So it was possible to show that in spite of identical molecular weight there are different effects on deformability of erythrocytes. This should be taken into account for parenteral treatment.

Adult↗