Biomedical subjects

Naoki Taketomo

Publications and source records attributed to Naoki Taketomo.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2007

Distribution of salivary Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species in periodontal health and disease.

We surveyed the distribution of salivary Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species in periodontitis patients and healthy subjects. Approximately 700 lactobacilli and 300 bifidobacterial isolates were obtained from 16 young, orally healthy subjects (mean age +/- standard deviation: 21.0+/-2.0 y), 16 periodontitis patients (51.6+/-13.8 y), and 14 well-maintained former periodontitis patients (60.2+/-9.6 y). Among eleven Lactobacillus species detected in saliva, L. salivarius, L. gasseri, and L. fermentum were prevalent, but no species was specifically associated with periodontal health. In contrast, of four Bifidobacterium species, B. adolescentis was specifically (P<0.05) prevalent in young healthy subjects compared with the other two groups. Furthermore, the bifidobacterial count of the well-maintained subjects was the highest (P<0.05) among the groups. These results suggest that bifidobacterial count and species might be associated with periodontal health status and/or age.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) bind to human B- or H-antigens expressed on intestinal mucosa.

Twenty lactobacilli isolated from human feces were studied for binding to the human blood type B-antigen [Galalpha1-3 (Fucalpha1-2) Gal-] and H-antigen (Fucalpha1-2Gal-] expressed sugar chains in human intestinal mucosa. We found two strains, L. gasseri OLL2755 and L. gasseri OLL2877 that firmly adhere to human B-antigen, and we found L. gasseri OLL2827 bound to the H-antigen.

Bacterial Adhesion↗

PubMed2006

Lactobacilli binding human A-antigen expressed in intestinal mucosa.

Adherent lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the human intestine were investigated using the surface plasmon resonance technique with the biosensor BIACORE-1000. Ninety-three LAB strains were isolated from human feces and evaluated for binding to human blood type-A antigen [GalNAcalpha1-3 (Fucalpha1-2) Gal-: A-trisaccharide] expressed in the intestinal mucosa. Eleven strains showed strong adherence to an A-trisaccharide biotinyl polymer (BP) probe, and slightly or no adherence to a B-trisaccharide BP probe. Four strains with high adherence (high A/B ratio) were selected and their surface layer proteins (SLPs) were evaluated for A-antigen ligand binding using BIACORE. The SLP from L. brevis strain OLL2772 showed a single band at ca. 48 kDa by SDS-PAGE analysis and it had a very strong adherence to the human A-antigen, as shown using an anti-A lectin blocking technique. A partial N-terminal sequence of the band showed strong homology to an S-layer protein of L. brevis ATCC8287T. The probiotic LAB binds to human blood type-A antigen expressed in the intestinal mucosa which may aid in colonization of the gut.

ABO Blood-Group System↗

PubMed2003

Inhibitory effects of Bifidobacterium longum on experimental ulcerative colitis induced in mice by synthetic dextran sulfate sodium.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The relationship between alterations in intestinal microflora and ulcerative colitis is still not clear. Whether improvement in bacterial populations might be a new strategy for prevention or treatment needs to be tested. METHODS: Ulcerative colitis was induced in mice by oral administration of synthetic dextran sulfate sodium (molecular weight 54,000). Inhibitory effects of concomitant treatment with Bifidobacterium longum were assessed in terms of total colon length and severity of histological changes. In addition, changes of microflora and short-chain fatty acids were tested in fecal samples and compared before and after treatment. RESULTS: Administration of B. longum significantly inhibited both shortening of total colon length and the severity of ulcerative colitis compared to controls. It was confirmed that the administered B. longum resided in the gut and blocked the decrease of lactobacilli in fecal samples in mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. CONCLUSIONS: Oral administration of B. longum exerts marked inhibitory effects on ulcerative colitis in mice.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Glucose metabolism of lactic acid bacteria changed by quinone-mediated extracellular electron transfer.

It can be expected that extracellular electron transfer to regenerate NAD+ changes the glucose metabolism of the homofermentative lactic acid bacteria. In this work, the glucose metabolism of Lactobacillusplantarum and Lactococcus lactis was examined in resting cells with 2-amino-3-carboxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (ACNQ) as the electron transfer mediator and ferricyanide (Fe(CN)6(3-)) as the extracellular electron acceptor. NADH in the cells was oxidized by ACNQ with the aid of diaphorase, and the reduced ACNQ was reoxidized with Fe(CN)6(3-). The extracellular electron transfer system promoted the generation of pyruvate, acetate, and acetoin from glucose, and restricted lactate production. Diaphorase activity increased when cultivation was aerobic, and this increased the concentrations of pyruvate, acetate, and acetoin relative to the concentration of lactate to increase in the presence of ACNQ and Fe(CN)6(3-)

Aerobiosis↗