Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

N Zaias

Publications and source records attributed to N Zaias.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Chevron nail.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Child↗
PubMed1997

Oral terbinafine in the treatment of toenail onychomycosis: North American multicenter trial.

BACKGROUND: Onychomycosis is an increasing problem with limited therapeutic options. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the safety and efficacy, of oral terbinafine, a new fungicidal antimycotic, in patients with toenail onychomycosis. METHODS: A North American multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated the mycologic and clinical efficacy of oral terbinafine 250 mg/day for 12 or 24 weeks in 358 patients with toenail onychomycosis. RESULTS: A total of 74% of patients treated with 12 or 24 weeks of terbinafine achieved a successful clinical outcome. Approximately 11% of terbinafine responders showed evidence of relapse 18 of 21 months after cessation of treatment. Terbinafine was well tolerated; most adverse events were transient and mild to moderate in severity. CONCLUSION: The results of this study confirm that oral terbinafine is a safe and effective therapy for the treatment of onychomycosis.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1997

A multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of intermittent therapy with itraconazole for the treatment of onychomycosis of the fingernail.

BACKGROUND: Onychomycosis is the most frequent cause of nail disease and represents 30% of all mycotic infections of the skin. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to compare the effectiveness and tolerability of intermittent dosing of itraconazole ("pulse therapy") with placebo in fingernail onychomycosis. METHODS: Seventy-three patients with clinically and mycologically diagnosed fingernail onychomycosis were randomly selected to receive itraconazole, 200 mg twice daily, or placebo for the first week of each month for 2 consecutive months; patients were observed for 19 weeks. Seventy-one patients received the study medication and were included in the safety analysis. Efficacy of treatment was evaluated in 46 patients. RESULTS: A significantly greater proportion of itraconazole-treated patients than placebo-treated patients achieved clinical success (77% vs 0%), mycologic success (73% vs 13%), and overall success (68% vs 0%). No itraconazole-treated patient had a clinical or mycologic relapse during the follow-up period. Ten itraconazole-treated patients (28%) and nine placebo-treated patients (26%) had adverse events. Three patients discontinued treatment for safety reasons. CONCLUSION: Pulse therapy with itraconazole for 2 consecutive months produces significantly greater clinical, mycologic, and overall success than placebo. Short-term itraconazole pulse therapy for fingernail onychomycosis is effective and well tolerated.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Candida: a review of clinical experience with Lamisil.

Pharmaceutical companies sometimes quote the MICs of antifungal agents to make favourable or unfavourable comparisons with competitor drugs. To the doctor, however, the clinical outcome is important. In this light it can be seen that topical terbinafine is certainly as effective as, if not more effective than, any other anticandidal agent available.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1997

Double-blind, randomized comparison of itraconazole capsules vs. placebo in the treatment of toenail onychomycosis.

Three multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies were conducted to determine whether twelve weeks of therapy with itraconazole, 200 mg, was effective in the treatment of dermatophyte infection of the toenail. Significantly more patients treated with itraconazole (110 patients) than with placebo (104 patients) achieved clinical (65 percent vs. 3 percent) and mycologic (54 percent vs. 6 percent) success. The mean percentage of affected reference nail before the initiation of therapy was 76 percent. Adverse events were comparable in the two treatment groups. These findings demonstrate that twelve weeks of continuous itraconazole, 200 mg once daily, is a highly effective, well-tolerated therapy for the management of toenail onychomycosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Chronic dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum.

We believe that patients are genetically predisposed to Trichophyton rubrum infections in a dominant autosomal pattern and that persons with distal subungual onychomycosis caused by T. rubrum invariably have preexisting T. rubrum tinea pedis of the soles. This relationship has many potentially important clinical implications with respect to diagnosis, treatment, and the prevention of reinfection.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1996

Diagnosing and treating onychomycosis.

Onychomycosis is a persistent fungal infection of the toenails or fingernails that is usually not painful but is unsightly and can affect a patient's quality of life by interfering with footwear. It may affect up to 30% of the population by age 60. In more that 99% of cases, it is caused by dermatophytes, the most common of which are Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Each of the four clinical types of onychomycosis, as defined by the route of fungal invasion, has a characteristic appearance, but other diseases, particularly psoriasis, may have a similar appearance. Proper management, therefore, includes confirmation of fungal infection by potassium hydroxide slide preparation and culture. Traditionally, pharmacologic treatment has been less than optimal. In many cases, griseofulvin, the first oral agent approved for onychomycosis in the United States, must be given for 1 year or more to be effective. Low cure rates are related to poor bioavailability and the fungistatic rather than fungicidal effect of the drug. Newer agents, such as oral itraconazole and oral terbinafine, promise to substantially increase cure rates while shortening treatment duration. Oral terbinafine is potently fungicidal against dermatophytes and has proven efficacious with regimens as brief as 12 weeks when the nail is not 100% involved.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1996

Comparison of an antifungal agent used alone with an antifungal used with a topical steroid in inflammatory tinea pedis.

The efficacy and safety of monotherapy with oxiconazole nitrate cream, 1 percent, a topical broadspectrum antifungal agent, were compared with those of combination therapy with oxiconazole nitrate cream, 1 percent, and fluticasone propionate cream, 0.05 percent, in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, parallel-group study of patients with inflammatory tinea pedis. Both combination therapy and monotherapy were associated with significantly greater proportions of mycologic and clinical cure, and a better global response than vehicle. An unexpected finding in this study was that more than 70 percent of patients with interdigital tinea pedis also had plantar or plantar plus vesiculobullous infection.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

Efficacy of a 1-week, twice-daily regimen of terbinafine 1% cream in the treatment of interdigital tinea pedis. Results of placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter trials.

BACKGROUND: Patients with tinea pedis often discontinue treatment before eradication of the fungus when their symptoms improve. The result is an incomplete cure/recurrence. OBJECTIVE: Terbinafine, a topical fungicidal agent, was evaluated in double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (159 patients) for its ability to achieve cure and relief of symptoms in the same time frame, that is, before compliance wanes. METHODS: Mycologic characteristics (with potassium hydroxide examination and culture) and clinical signs and symptoms were assessed at baseline, at the end of a 1-week, twice-daily treatment and at 1, 3, and 5 weeks after the completion of therapy. RESULTS: Both terbinafine and vehicle provided early relief of symptoms. However, only terbinafine gave progressive mycologic improvement such that at 5 weeks after treatment, 88% of the patients receiving terbinafine had converted from positive to negative mycology compared with 23% of the patients treated with vehicle. CONCLUSION: The rapid and potent fungicidal action of terbinafine results in a high cure rate in interdigital tinea pedis with 1 week of treatment and may avoid failures caused by non-compliance.

Antifungal Agents↗