[Isolation of size-dependent human platelet subpopulations. I. The method for isolation of size-dependent platelet subpopulations by counterflow centrifugal elutriation].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
N Yamaguchi
Publications and source records attributed to N Yamaguchi.
Hepatic adrenoceptors involved in the glycogenolytic response to exogenous (-)-norepinephrine in the dog liver in vivo.
Effects of various sympathomimetic amines on the hepatic glucose mobilization were studied in anesthetized dogs. Phenylephrine (30, 100, 300 micrograms), isoproterenol (0.1, 1, 10 micrograms) and (-)-norepinephrine (0.5, 5, 50 micrograms) were injected into the common hepatic artery in three separate groups of dogs. Dose-dependent increases in hepatic venous glucose concentration were observed following the injections of these drugs. Aortic glucose concentration also increased significantly, but to a lesser extent as compared with that in hepatic venous blood. Peak responses were obtained 3 to 5 min after the drug administrations. The increases in hepatic venous glucose concentration induced by the injections of (-)-norepinephrine were significantly diminished to a similar extent in dogs treated with either phentolamine (2 mg/kg, i.v.) or (-)-propranolol (0.2 mg/kg, i.v.). The results indicate that in the dog liver in vivo, both hepatic alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors can be involved in the hepatic glycogenolysis. The glycogenolytic response to exogenously administered (-)-norepinephrine is mediated via alpha- as well as beta-adrenoceptors in the liver of anesthetized dogs.
Animals↗
Thermal barrier formation and plasma confinement in the axisymmetrized tandem mirror GAMMA 10.
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Journal Article↗
[Superselective continuous intra-arterial infusion therapy via superficial temporal artery for head and neck tumors].
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Aged↗
Characterization of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase from human exocrine pancreatic carcinomas.
Two different types of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GTP) have been found in normal human pancreas following bromelain treatment. On the other hand, three human pancreatic ductal cell carcinomas have only a single type of gamma-GTP upon analysis with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, anion-exchange column chromatography and isoelectric focusing. Carcinoma gamma-GTPs were almost identical to one of the two types of normal pancreatic gamma-GTPs. The gamma-GTP from pancreatic carcinomas bound to anion-exchange column and was eluted at the same NaCl fractions as normal pancreatic gamma-GTP. The properties of pancreatic carcinoma-gamma-GTP, as assessed by binding to concanavalin A and lentil lectin affinity columns, were also similar to one of the two enzymes of normal pancreas. No apparent difference in isoelectric points was found between the carcinoma gamma-GTPs and one of the two normal pancreatic gamma-GTPs.
Chromatography, Affinity↗
Two types of human pancreatic gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase.
Two different types of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) were extracted from human pancreas by protease treatments such as bromelain. Furthermore, human pancreatic gamma-GTP, extracted with trypsin, was separated into two different components by additional treatment with bromelain. One component displayed fast electrophoretic mobility during polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and an apparent affinity for an anion-exchange column, while the other showed slow electrophoretic mobility and passed through the anion-exchange column with starting buffer. In addition, the percentage affinity to concanavalin A (Con A) of the former was 52.2% and of the latter only 7.2%. On heat stability, the former was more sensitive than the latter at 56 degrees C. These results indicate the existence of two types of gamma-GTP in human pancreas.
Bromelains↗
Establishment of a human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-producing cell line in a protein-free chemically defined medium.
To examine whether a human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-producing cell can proliferate and sythesize CEA in vitro in culture without protein supplements, long-term cultivation of such cells was carried out in a protein-free chemically defined medium. Using stepwise decreases in fetal bovine serum concentration, continuous growth of the cells was established in a protein-free am's F-12 medium. The cells, designated as HLC-Yl, have been propagated in this medium for 3 years. The population doubling time of the cells is about 52 h. Addition of the serum stimulated the cell growth (population doubling time = 27 h). Saturation density was not increased by the addition of serum. The cells grown in a protein-free F-12 secrete large amounts of CEA (65.4 +/- 2.6 ng/10(6) cells/24 h). Addition of serum did not stimulate the production of CEA. The cells produced tumours when inoculated into athymic nude mice. The mice bearing the tumour showed high serum CEA levels, and CEA was demonstrated in the tumour tissue by the immunoperoxidase method. The present study suggests that cells grown in a protein-free medium do not require serum components for their growth or CEA synthesis and provide an excellent model for better understanding the growth and production of CEA in human lung cancer cells.
Animals↗
In vitro establishment of human fibroblasts of lysosomal diseases, GM1-gangliosidosis and Sandhoff disease, by transformation with origin-minus SV40 DNA.
The permanent human cell lines preserving defects of lysosomal enzymes, GM1-1019-SV and SA-1077-SV, were established from the respective fibroblasts from patients with GM1-gangliosidosis and Sandhoff disease by transfection with replication origin-minus simian virus 40 DNA. These cells grow rapidly without entering senescence during more than 120 population doublings. The activity of beta-galactosidase in GM1-1019-SV and of beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase in SA-1077-SV was respectively 40- and 180-fold lower than that of normal fibroblasts.
Cell Line↗
Establishment of human fibroblast cell lines with lysosomal enzyme deficiency by transformation with origin-minus SV40 DNA.
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Cell Line↗
Diadenosine tetraphosphate as a signal molecule linked with the functional state of rat liver.
Diadenosine 5',5"'-P1,P4-tetraphosphate (Ap4A), which has been suggested to be a signal nucleotide involved in positive growth regulation, was determined in rat liver under various conditions using the luciferin/luciferase system. The Ap4A level was 920 pmol/g of wet liver in normal adult rats, but was high at early stages of growth, the maximum value being 1460 pmol/g in 3-wk-old rats. An increase in Ap4A levels preceded deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in liver after hepatectomy. Ap4A levels were increased 5.5-fold (5125 pmol/g) 24 h after hepatectomy. The range of such increases was closely correlated with the mass of liver removed. Cholestasis produced by bile duct ligation and intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine remarkably lowered the Ap4A level to 20% and 42%, respectively; however, the adenosine triphosphate level was only slightly decreased to 65% and 78%, respectively. Fourteen days after bile duct ligation, Ap4A levels fell to less than 220 pmol/g, and the rats could no longer survive partial hepatectomy. These results suggest that hepatic Ap4A levels correlate positively with regenerative activity.
Adenine Nucleotides↗
Effect of saikosaponin derivatives upon the immune response against T-dependent and T-independent antigens in mice.
Effect of water soluble extracts and purified derivatives from the root of the plant Bupletum falcatum L. upon the immune response of BALB/c mice was investigated using heterologous erythrocytes and bacterial lipopolysaccharide. This Chinese Medicine is famous for its reputed anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and other biological activities, and has been widely used alone or in a complexed form since ancient times in Oriental Countries. The effect on immune responsiveness of this drug was judged by the measurement of antibody secreting cells causing localized hemolysis in agar gel. The purified derivatives, Saikosaponin (SS) a and d, suppressed anti-SRBC plaque-forming cells (PFC), but the other derivatives, b1 and b2 and c, did not. Moreover, derivatives a and d also enhanced anti-LPS PFC. From experiments establishing minimum effective doses for anti-SRBC PFC in mice, one mg/kg was optimum for BALB/c mice. The effect of the drug on antibody formation against heterologous erythrocytes was nonspecific because treated mice had greatly depressed PFC responses against both sheep and rabbit erythrocytes. The phenotypic effect of this drug as judged by PFC against T-dependent or T-independent antigen was not identified. However, it was suggested that the purified derivatives SSa and d stimulated both T- and B-cells. The possible mechanism of effect against immunocompotent cells is discussed.
Animals↗
Absence of age effect on plasma haloperidol neuroleptic levels in psychiatric patients.
Plasma neuroleptic levels in 41 patients (21 men, 20 women, aged 18 to 74) on haloperidol therapy were examined in relation to their age by means of radioreceptor assay. There was no significant difference among three age groups (below 45 years, 46 to 60 years, over 60 years) in the ratio of the plasma neuroleptic level to daily dose (nM/mg/kg), but a significant difference in the plasma neuroleptic level was found between the average values in parkinsonian (19.1 +/- 8.5 nM, M +/- SD) and nonparkinsonian (5.5 +/- 3.0 nM, M +/- SD) patients. There was, however, no significant difference in the incidence of parkinsonian symptoms between the young (below 60 years) and the old (over 60 years) age groups. These results suggest that in contrast to the previously reported study with chlorpromazine, the plasma neuroleptic level of haloperidol is not altered with aging and that parkinsonian symptoms induced by haloperidol occur simply in a plasma-neuroleptic-level-dependent manner.
Administration, Oral↗
Demonstration of T antigens on the surface of cells transformed with primate polyoma viruses.
Primate polyoma virus-transformed hamster, mouse, and rat cell lines were examined by indirect immunofluorescence staining for cell surface-associated T antigens, by using a rabbit antiserum prepared against sodium dodecyl sulfate-denatured large T antigen of simian virus 40 (anti-SV40-SDS-T serum). Positive surface staining was shown not only on SV40-transformed cells, but also on BK and JC virus-transformed cells. In contrast, normal cells and cells transformed with mouse polyoma-, human adeno-, and murine sarcoma viruses were negative. The data on SV40-transformed cells confirmed the reports of others demonstrating the cell surface location of SV40 large T antigen, and the data on BK and JC virus-transformed cells proved that these cells have cell-surface T antigens that cross-react with anti-SV40-SDS-T serum.
Animals↗
Olivary hypertrophy in a case with palatal myoclonus: light- and electron-microscopic study.
This is a report on the ultrastructural finding of the olivary hypertrophy in a case with palatal myoclonus. By light microscopy two types of neuronal changes were observed in the inferior olivary nucleus, i.e. the central chromatolysis and cytoplasmic vacuolation. Both types were also recognized by electron microscopy and the cytoplasmic vascuolation was identified as the vesiculated endoplasmic reticulum. In the reactive astrocytes, mitochondria were strikingly proliferated.
Adult↗
EEG changes 24 hours after myelography with metrizamide.
A prospective study of EEG changes following metrizamide myelography was made on 34 patients aged 17-79 years. EEGs were recorded just before and 22-26 hours after myelography. Usually 8-10 ml of metrizamide was injected by either lumbar or lateral cervical puncture. The concentration of metrizamide was relatively high. EEGs were abnormal in 15 out of the 20 patients whose baseline EEGs were normal. EEGs deteriorated in 10 of the 14 patients whose control tracings were abnormal. High voltage delta activity and/or a great deal of theta activity were common abnormalities. Three patients showed triphasic waves. No relationships were found between the EEG changes and clinical variables. But central nervous system involvements by metrizamide tended to be accompanied by a severe EEG slowing.
Adolescent↗
Hand preference in schizophrenics and handedness conversion in their childhood.
A handedness questionnaire which was given to 1774 schizophrenic inpatients was identical to that employed in our previous study on healthy students. Information was obtained on forced conversion of hand usage in childhood and the occurrence of left-handedness in their families. Family history of schizophrenia was also investigated. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of left-handedness or non-right-handedness (i.e., left-handedness and ambidexterity combined) between schizophrenic patients and normal subjects. However, the rate of converted right-handedness in schizophrenics was higher than that in normal people. The incidence of original non-right-handedness (i.e., present non-right-handedness and converted right-handedness combined) in schizophrenics was greater than that in normal controls.
Adolescent↗
Evidence for increased hepatic sympathetic nerve activity resulting in hyperglycemia in response to hemorrhage-induced reflex stimulation in anesthetized dogs.
To investigate the role of the sympathoadrenal system in glucose mobilization by the liver during hemorrhage, catecholamine (CA) output from both adrenal glands was determined in anesthetized dogs. Venous blood draining from both adrenal glands was combined in a Y-tube that was connected to an electromagnetic flow probe to measure total adrenal venous blood flow. Plasma concentrations of norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), dopamine (DA), and glucose (GL) were determined in various vascular regions. Adrenal CA output (nanograms per minute) under basal conditions was 50.2 +/- 13.6, 181.4 +/- 41.9, and 13.7 +/- 4.8 for NE, E, and DA, respectively. These values were found to increase significantly (P less than 0.05) in response to 5 min of hemorrhage, reaching a maximum output (nanograms per minute) of 663.6 +/- 160.6 (NE), 2503.4 +/- 607.8 (E), and 141.7 +/- 43.7 (DA). Aortic CAs (nanograms per millilitre) increased significantly with a predominant increase in E (0.33 +/- 0.08 to 3.75 +/- 1.03, P less than 0.05). In contrast, increases in portal and hepatic venous CAs (nanograms per millilitre) were characterized by a predominant increase in NE (0.30 +/- 0.06 to 0.64 +/- 0.11 and 0.17 +/- 0.02 to 0.31 +/- 0.07, respectively, P less than 0.05). Hepatic venous and aortic GL concentrations also increased significantly during hemorrhage. Among the various correlations between plasma CA and GL concentrations, the strongest correlation was found between hepatic venous NE and hepatic venous GL (r = 0.804, P less than 0.001). Correlation coefficients obtained with aortic NE and E were weaker but significant (r = 0.603 and r = 0.608, respectively, P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adrenal Glands↗
Effects of (+/-)-sotalol, (+/-)-propranolol, and (-)-propranolol on norepinephrine release upon hepatic nerve stimulation in the dog liver in vivo.
The study was carried out to determine whether the diminished release of norepinephrine (NE) upon sympathetic activation in the presence of sotalol can be attributed to the blockade of beta-adrenoceptors in the liver. NE release from the liver was measured in hepatic venous blood collected during direct hepatic nerve stimulation in anesthetized dogs. The mean basal NE concentration in hepatic venous and aortic blood was 0.046 +/- 0.003 and 0.244 +/- 0.041 ng/mL, respectively. NE release increased significantly as stimulation frequency increased, while aortic NE concentration remained unchanged. The increasing response of NE release upon stimulation in the vehicle control group remained stable during the whole experimental period. In dogs treated with sotalol (5 mg/kg, i.v.), NE release was reduced approximately by 30-43%, and the difference was statistically significant (P less than 0.01) at 8 Hz. (+/-)-Propranolol (2.5 mg/kg, i.v.) tended to diminish it, but the difference was not significant. (-)-Propranolol (0.1 mg/kg, i.v.) did not alter NE release at any frequency tested. The beta-blocking action of these drugs in the liver, as determined by the antagonism against the hepatic arterial vasodilating response to isoproterenol, was most effective with (+/-)-propranolol (100%), followed by (-)-propranolol (90%) and sotalol (70%). The results suggest that the inhibitory effect of sotalol on NE release may be related to a mechanism other than its beta-blocking action in the dog liver.
Animals↗