Biomedical subjects

N V Perova

Publications and source records attributed to N V Perova.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

[Effect of combined antihypertensive and lipid lowering therapy on the level of coronary risk and tissue insulin resistance in patients with metabolic syndrome].

AIM: To assess effect of combined antihypertensive and lipid lowering therapy on main characteristics of metabolic syndrome and total coronary risk. MATERIAL: Seventy five patients with metabolic syndrome aged 40-59 years were included into an open study with parallel groups in which the following combinations of lipid lowering and antihypertensive drugs were used for sweeksinch: atorvastatin + perindopril (n=17, group 1); simvastatin + atenolol (n=17, group 2); fenofibrate + atenolol (n=21, group 3), and simvastatin + indapamide (n=20, group 4). Systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BP), blood serum concentrations of total cholesterol (CH), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) CH, glucose and immunoreactive insulin were measured before and after treatment. Total coronary risk was calculated according to the PROCAM model. RESULTS: Treatment was associated with decreases of systolic and diastolic BP (from 11% in group 1 to 18,4% in group 2), lowering of total CH (by one third in groups 1 and 2, by 20% in groups 3 and 4), and triglycerides (by 2 times in group 3 and by 7-21% in other groups). Increases of HDL CH were observed in groups 2-4. There were no significant changes of markers of insulin resistance. Baseline total coronary risk was high (37%). Treatment was accompanied with lowering of total risk by 57.4-70%. CONCLUSION: Combined antihypertensive and lipid lowering therapy leads to pronounced lowering of high coronary risk in metabolic syndrome.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Physical exercise and atherosclerosis: dynamic high intensity exercise as a factor inducing exogenous dyslipidemia].

Effect of dynamic exercise of various intensity (maximal 100% and submaximal -- 80, 70 and 60% of individual maximally tolerated work load) on blood lipids, lipo- and apolipoproteins (apo) was studied in healthy subjects and patients with coronary heart disease. Both in healthy persons and patients high intensity (100 and 80%) exercise was associated with atherogenic changes of lipid transport system: increases of levels of total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B and apo B/apo-A1 ratio. On the contrary, changes after exercise of moderate (60%) intensity (lowering of apo-B containing lipoproteins in healthy subjects and patients and elevation of apo-A1 concentration in healthy subjects) were antiatherogenic.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Physical exercise and atherosclerosis: proatherogenic effects of high and moderate intensity static exercise on blood lipid transport system].

Effects of high (100 and 80 kg) and moderate (60 kg) intensity static leg exercise on blood serum lipoproteins and apolipoproteins (apo) A1 and B were studied in healthy subjects (n=11) and patients with coronary heart disease and class I angina (n=11). Static leg exercise with loads exceeding 60 kg were associated with atherogenic changes of blood lipid transport system: elevation of levels of triglycerides, apoprotein B and apo B/A ratio both in healthy subjects and patients, and of total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients. These post exercise changes were more pronounced in the presence of fasting hyperlipidemia and their severity increased with increase in duration of exercise. Static leg exercise did not increase concentration of high density lipoprotein cholesterol. For prevention of post exercise atherogenic dyslipidemia it is expedient to supplement strength training programs with dynamic exercise of moderate intensity.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[Correction of atherogenic exogenously-induced postprandial hyperlipidemia with pravastatin].

Effect of an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor pravastatin on atherogenic changes in the lipid transport system during postprandial hyperlipidemia immediately after ingestion of fatty meal was studied in patients with coronary heart disease and fasting hyperlipidemia. Treatment with pravastatin (20-40 mg/day for 3 months) resulted in normalization of fasting levels of blood lipids and decreased postprandial hyperlipidemia due to of enhanced removal of triglyceride-rich atherogenic lipoproteins from blood and their diminished secretion in response to fat load. Moreover pravastatin increased tolerance of the lipid-transport system to exogenous saturated fats. KEY WORDS. coronary heart disease; postprandial hyperlipidemia; pravastatin; lipoproteins, metabolism.

Anticholesteremic Agents↗

PubMed2001

Effects of simvastatin on the phospholipid composition of high-density lipoproteins in patients with hypercholesterolemia.

We studied the phospholipid composition of high-density lipoproteins in patients with hypercholesterolemia before and after treatment with simvastatin. Individual phospholipids were separated by thin-layer chromatography on glass plates coated with silica gel. It was found that apart from hypolipidemic effect, simvastatin changed the concentration and phospholipid composition of high-density lipoproteins, which improved their cholesterol-accepting and cholesterol-transporting properties.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Phospholipid composition of high-density lipoproteins reflects lipolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins during hyperlipidemia.

We studied phospholipid composition of high-density lipoproteins in patients with normo- and hypertriglyceridemia treated with various hypolipidemic preparations (simvastatin and fenofibrate). Both preparations changed phospholipid composition of high-density lipoproteins and improved their functional activity. The differences in the phospholipid composition of high-density lipoproteins were probably related to lipolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins catalyzed by lipoprotein lipase and, in particular, hepatic lipase.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Comparative analysis of human serum albumin adsorption and complement activation for intraocular lenses.

Intraocular liquid, in contrast to blood, has no cellular components; therefore, proteins (human serum albumin [HSA], and [alpha, beta, gamma] globulins) are the major components that determine patients' response to the intraocular lens (IOL) surface. In addition to the amount of adsorbed proteins, the possibility of its conformational changes, including conformational changes of globulins C1 and C3 that respond for the activation of the complements system by the classical and alternative pathways, cannot be excluded. The interaction between IOLs and protein components of intraocular liquid directly influences the ocular exudative reaction in the early postoperational period, the intensity of cellular and pigmental scurf on the surface of the IOLs, and the state of endothelial cells of the cornea in the distant postoperational period. Our goal was to compare the interaction of commercial IOLs made from polymethylmethacrylate, silicone, poly-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (p-HEMA), and copolymer p-HEMA with collagen with HSA and the complement system. The total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) method and hemolytic assay were used for this task, respectively. It has been demonstrated that the probability of biocompatibility of commercially produced IOLs on the stage of protein adsorption can be evaluated using the kinetic of HSA-fluorescein isothiocyanate adsorption onto the IOL surface by the TIRF METHOD: In the case of IOLs from p-HEMA, a negative correlation was shown between the degree of irreversible adsorption of HSA and the minimum relative rate constant of the surface-induced complement activation. We did not find any correlation between hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of lenses and their adsorptional properties including complement activation. From suggested adsorptional criteria in vitro for biocompatible surfaces, the hydrogel lens from p-HEMA has a lower probability of biocompatibility in comparison with other IOLs.

Adsorption↗

PubMed2001

Multi-country comparison of plasma lipid relationship to years of schooling in men and women.

BACKGROUND: The association between coronary heart disease (CHD) and social status has differed among societies in strength and direction. As years of schooling is a major determinant of socioeconomic status and dyslipidaemia a major CHD determinant, the purpose of this investigation is to estimate the association of years of schooling with plasma lipids and lipoproteins among samples from five countries representing different cultures, socio-political systems and stages of economic development. METHODS: Men and women from Chinese, Polish, Russian, Israeli and US samples were studied. Years of schooling were analysed both as a multi-category ordinal variable and divided into two strata: less than the equivalent of high school and greater than or equal to high school equivalence. Fasting plasma cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides were compared across years of schooling strata within each country. Lipid levels were computed unadjusted and then adjusted for age and lipid risk factor variables. RESULTS: Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides varied directly with years of schooling in Chinese, Polish and Russian men, and in contrast varied inversely with years of schooling among US white men. The HDL cholesterol varied inversely with years of schooling for Chinese, Polish, and Russian men, but varied directly with years of schooling among US white men. The lipid differences between men of high versus low years of schooling were not explained by age, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption or blood pressure medication use. Findings were less consistent for women and for Israelis and US blacks of both genders. CONCLUSIONS: Lipid and lipoprotein levels consistent with atherogenicity varied directly with years of schooling in Chinese, Polish, and Russian samples. Opposite trends were present in US whites. These findings are consistent with a hypothesized influence of social status on CHD risk differing among populations in relation to stages in societal economic development.

Asia↗

PubMed2001

[Polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene in patients with coronary heart disease from Moscow population].

The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene was studied in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and healthy individuals randomly sampled from the Moscow population. The ACE gene proved to be associated with the plasma apolipoprotein B (ApoB) content in CHD patients, but not associated with HCD development in individuals with elevated serum cholesterol and triglycerides. An association was not revealed between the alleles of the ACE gene and hypertension in CHD patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[C-reactive protein and defect in lipid transport blood system in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

In 88 patients with rheumatoid arthritis lipid-protein spectrum of the blood serum were determined biochemically and by means of nefelometric technique, C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured with enzyme immunoassay. An increase in CRP concentration was associated with lowering of apoA1 and HDL FL, triglycerides. Thus, elevation of CRP in RA reflects not only activity of inflammation but also defects in serum lipid-transport system by the atherogenic type.

Apolipoproteins↗

PubMed2001

[High density lipoprotein composition in moscovites with low and high HDL cholesterol level].

AIM: To elucidate if there are any peculiarities in HDL composition in Muscovites with different HDL C levels, and to reveal which HDL components could determine the disturbances in their antiatherogenic properties at higher HDL C level. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty men aged 40-59 years with low HDL C level < 40 mg/dl (36 +/- 0.8 mg/dl; n = 30) and high HDL C level > 50 mg/dl(58 +/- 1.6 mg/dl; n = 30) were compared. Enzymatic, immunonephelometric methods and thin-layer chromatography were used. RESULTS: Men with high HDL C level had higher concentration of apo AI, HDL phospholipids (PL), ratios of HDL C/apo AI and HDL C/HDL PL but lower ratio of HDL C free/HDL PL. The analysis of HDL PL composition revealed in subjects with high HDL C higher proportion of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and lower lysoPC, whereas the relative content of sphingomyelin and phosphatidylethanolamine did not differ between the groups. CONCLUSION: The peculiarities in components of HDL found among men with different HDL C levels could explain less effective HDL atheroprotective properties in Muscovites with elevated HDL C.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Analysis of polymorphic variants of renin-angiotensin system genes in polymetabolic syndrome and non-insulin-dependent diabetes].

Polymorphisms of the genes for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensinogen, the proteins of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), were tested for association with the polymetabolic syndrome (PMS) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in the Moscow population. The insertional (I) allele and genotype II of the ACE gene proved to be associated with PMS. A significant difference in allele and genotype frequency distributions of the (CA)n microsatellite of the 3'-untranslated exon of the angiotensinogen gene was revealed between randomly sampled individuals and patients with PMS and IDDM from the Moscow population.

3' Untranslated Regions↗

PubMed2000

[High-density lipoproteins in cholesterosis of the gall bladder].

The composition of serum high-density lipoproteins (HDL) was studied in 64 patients with polypous cholesterosis (PC). The spectrum of serum lipids in patients with PC was characterized by the lower concentrations of HDL cholesterol (42.0 +/- 2.5 mg/dl; p < 0.05) and higher concentrations of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol (169.9 +/- 6.9 mg/dl; p < 0.01) than those in the controls. The decreased HDL cholesterol, or hypoalphacholesterolemia was associated with quantitative changes in HDL phospholipids (PL) (66.48 +/- 3.4; p < 0.01) and with changes in the composition of individual PL by lowering the proportion of lecithin (47.13 +/- 2.19 mg/dl; p < 0.01). It may be suggested that the lower amount of HDL cholesterol is caused by the decreased HDL acception of free cholesterol from the peripheral cell membranes due to the impaired complexation of PL with free cholesterol and associated the altered PL composition of the superficial monolayer of a lipoprotein particle. At the same time the physicochemical changes in Hdl superficial layer are a cause of abnormal free cholesterol esterification and the impaired plunge of esterified cholesterol into the nucleus of a HDL particle, which facilitates the conversion of HDL to LDL and may explain elevated LDL levels in cholesterosis. The findings suggest that serum lipids are involved in the development of cholesterosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Relationship between parameters of hemostasis and manifestations of the metabolic syndrome in men with mild and moderate hypertension].

AIM: To study the relationship between major hemostasis parameters and hypertriglyceridemia with or without insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia in men suffering from mild or moderate arterial hypertension. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Major hemostasis parameters including fibrinogen level, coagulation factor VII activity and fibrinolytic activity were analysed in groups of men with moderate or mild AH who had normal or elevated triglycerides level regarding presence or absence of insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia. RESULTS: High factor VII activity was found in both groups with insulin resistance irrespective of their triglycerides level. Patients with insulin resistance combined with hypertriglyceridemia had low fibrinolytic activity. CONCLUSION: In men with metabolic syndrome components insulin resistance is accompanied with activation of coagulation external pathway, whereas combination of insulin resistance with hypertriglyceridemia was associated with hypofibrinolysis.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[The possible role of genetic factors in the cholesterol high density lipoprotein level in the Moscow population].

The study was aimed at clarifying the relative roles of genetic and environmental factors in determination of the blood concentration of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the Russian population. For this purpose, some polymorphic systems of the apolipoproteins B, CII, and CIII; cholesterol ether transport protein (CETP); and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) genes were compared in two groups of males living in Moscow who had high and low blood HDL-C concentrations (less than 40 and more than 50 mg/dl, respectively). No statistically significant differences were found between distributions of the allelic variants of the genes studied in males with different blood HDL-C concentrations. Thus, the given panel of proteins connected with the metabolism of blood plasma lipids has no effect on the blood HDL-C concentration in Russian males from the Moscow population.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Effects of alcohol on the major steps of reverse cholesterol transport.

The effects of moderate alcohol consumption on the capacity of blood sera to promote acceptance of cholesterol (C) from Fu5AH hepatoma cells, esterification of delivered free C, and transfer of produced cholesteryl esters to apolipoprotein (apo) B-containing lipoproteins have been studied. Twenty male subjects with relatively high (>50 mg/dl, n = 10) and low (<50 mg/dl, n = 10) high density lipoprotein (HDL) C levels consumed for eight weeks red grape wine (0.3 g ethanol/kg body mass per day). Alcohol consumption reduced total C and low density lipoprotein C levels in both groups of subjects. Low HDL C subjects showed an increase in HDL C, apo AI, apo AII, and lipoprotein (Lp) AI particle levels after alcohol consumption. Alcohol did not affect free C efflux from the cells. However, after the following period of substitution of alcohol with an isocaloric amount of red grape juice, cellular C efflux markedly reduced. While lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity increased during alcohol consumption only in subjects with low HDL C, high HDL C subjects showed a significant decrease in cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity. At the same time, alcohol consumption reduced the endogenous C esterification rate and increased the transfer of endogenous cholesteryl esters to apo B-containing lipoproteins in both groups. Thus, alcohol consumption in moderate doses enhanced the anti-atherogenicity of the serum lipoprotein spectrum, supporting more effective C efflux from peripheral cells and transport of accepted C to apo B-containing lipoproteins. The effects of alcohol on the reverse cholesterol transport depend on the initial HDL C level.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Cerivastatin modulates antiatherogenic properties of high-density lipoproteins in patients with coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia.

The effects of cerivastatin on antiatherogenic properties of high-density lipoproteins were studied in patients with coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia. Apart from hypolipidemic effects, cerivastatin changed the phospholipid composition of high-density lipoproteins and improved their cholesterol-acceptor properties. This effect was most pronounced in the serum from patients with low content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. These data indicate that cerivastatin modulates antiatherogenic properties of high-density lipoproteins.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[The lipid-protein indices of the blood cholesterol transport system in systemic lupus erythematosus].

AIM: To assess parameters of blood cholesterol lipid-protein spectrum and characteristics of blood cholesterol (C) transport system in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lipid-protein blood spectrum was studied in 60 patients (45 females and 15 males) with verified SLE aged 15-44 years (mean age 28.9 +/- 8.1 years). The duration of the disease varied from 2 months to 28 years (mean 8.6 +/- 6.6 years). SLE course and activity were defined according to V. A. Nasonova's classification. The control patients (35 healthy subjects) were matched by age (30.0 +/- 6.1 years) and gender (27 females and 8 males). RESULTS: Elevated levels of C and C of low-density lipoproteins (LDLP), triglycerides (TG) were found in 35% and 30% of patients, respectively. C of high-density lipoproteins (HDLP) was low in 32% of patients. HDLP phospholipids were also subnormal, their proportion changed: concentrations of phosphatidylcholine were low, those of lisophosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, diethanolamine, cardiolipin were higher than in the controls. TG and proportion apo/B/AI were higher, content of HDLP components low in patients with the disease duration up to 5 years. Patients with highly and moderately active SLE had high levels of TG, apo/B, apo/B/apo/AI, low levels of HDLP C, apo/AI and HDLP phospholipids. CONCLUSION: Marked dyslipidemias were detected in 1/3 of SLE patients. Cholesterol transport changes arise at early SLE stages. Alterations in the blood lipid-protein spectrum appeared more pronounced and atherogenic in maximal SLE activity. Quantitative and qualitative shifts in HDLP composition induce changes in antiatherogenic properties of relevant lipoproteins in SLE patients.

Adolescent↗