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Biomedical subjects

N Taenaka

Publications and source records attributed to N Taenaka.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Application of HPLC measurement of plasma concentration of gabexate mesilate.

The plasma concentration of gabexate mesilate (ethyl-p-(6-guanidinohexanoyloxy) benzoate) methanesulfonate (GM), FOY, was measured on a high performance liquid chromatography. GM concentrations ranging from 1 to 50 micrograms/ml of whole blood were able to be determined with this method. The half-life of GM in plasma was 55 seconds and the minimum concentration of GM which affected the activated coagulation time of whole blood (ACT) was 10 micrograms/ml. This method is sensitive and accurate to provide us with the pharmacodynamic basis for the determination of the effective plasma concentration of GM with respect to its anticoagulant activity.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1983

Gabexate mesilate (FOY) therapy of disseminated intravascular coagulation due to sepsis.

Gabexate mesilate (FOY), a synthetic serine proteinase inhibitor, has an anticoagulant activity in the absence of antithrombin-III. We investigated FOY therapy for the treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) associated with sepsis in 15 patients (group F), and compared it with heparin therapy in 8 patients (group H). Successful treatment was observed in 13 patients in group F and in 4 patients in group H. The efficacy of the therapy in both groups was not significantly different. However, in patients whose antithrombin-III values were less than 20 mg/dl at the initiation of the therapy, FOY therapy was successful in 6 of 7 patients, whereas heparin therapy was not at all successful in 4 patients (rho less than 0.05). We conclude that FOY can be used as effectively as heparin for the treatment of DIC, and that FOY therapy is superior to heparin therapy in DIC associated with decreased antithrombin-III.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Amino acids and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of patients with septic encephalopathy.

Amino acids and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma were identified and assayed in 5 patients with septic encephalopathy. Levels of all the high molecular weight neutral amino acids (LNAAs) appeared to increase in the CSF. CSF levels of phenylalanine (PHE) and methionine (MET) increased significantly by factors of 20.9 and 9.5, respectively, and the plasma PHE level increased 7.5-fold. No significant changes in branched-chain amino acids were observed in either the CSF or plasma. The CSF/plasma ratios of valine (VAL), tyrosine (TYR), PHE, and MET significantly increased to 0.21, 0.46, 0.52, and 0.52, respectively. TBAR levels increased 4-fold in the CSF and also were slightly increased in the plasma, suggesting that lipid peroxidation in the central nervous tissues is markedly increased. We conclude that increases in LNAA levels and in lipid peroxidation in the central nervous tissues may play important roles in the development of septic encephalopathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Circulatory responses to afterloading with phenylephrine in hyperdynamic sepsis.

We assessed cardiac function by acute pressure loading with phenylephrine in 7 patients who had hyperdynamic sepsis and in 8 patients who had heart disease. All patients with sepsis had a positive Limulus lysate teat, a septic focus, and a cardiac output (CO) greater than 6.0 L/min. Phenylephrine was given iv to elevate systolic arterial pressure by 30 mm Hg. Cardiac index (CI) and stroke index (SI) increased significantly in patients with hyperdynamic sepsis, whereas systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) showed no change. In patients with heart disease, CI and SI decreased significantly, whereas SVRI increased significantly. The marked differences in response to phenylephrine by the two groups suggest lack of cardiac dysfunction in patients with hyperdynamic sepsis.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

New approach to regional anticoagulation in hemodialysis using gabexate mesilate (FOY).

Gabexate mesilate (FOY), a synthetic serine proteinase inhibitor, prevented and controlled bleeding during hemodialysis of 3 patients with active bleeding sites and/or hemorrhagic tendencies. The effectiveness of regional anticoagulation was evaluated by activated coagulation time (ACT). The ACTs of blood sampled from the outlet of dialyzer were significantly prolonged; however, systemic ACTs were almost normal. ACTs immediately after dialysis were not prolonged compared with those before dialysis. In 1 patients, renal function was improved after dialysis. No harmful side effects of FOY were observed. We consider FOY to be superior to other drugs for hemodialysis in that: (1) it can provide sufficient regional anticoagulation; (2) it has a very short half-life and need not be antagonized after dialysis; and (3) it can be used in patients with sepsis and/or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) because it inhibits proteinase and also prevents platelet aggregation.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical studies on cefmenoxime in the intensive care unit].

Two to 6 g of CMX was administered daily to 9 patients who were admitted to ICU, i.e. 5 cases with pneumonia and 4 with sepsis. In all cases, CMX was administered concomitantly with aminoglycoside which had been administered, and additional administration of other antibiotics was avoided. Bacteriologically, P. aeruginosa was isolated from 4 cases, K. pneumoniae from 4 cases, S. marcescens, P. mirabilis and P. cepacia respectively from 1 case. The CMX treatment was considered effective in 4 of 5 pneumonia cases and in 3 of 4 sepsis cases. In total, 7 of 9 cases responded effectively. The clinical effective rate was 77.8%. Elevation of GOT and GPT values was noticed in 1 case, however, the causality with CMX administration was unclear.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Survival from DIC following amniotic fluid embolism. Successful treatment with a serine proteinase inhibitor; FOY.

A 30-year-old multigravida of 38 weeks gestation bled profusely at delivery. Coagulation studies revealed disseminated intravascular coagulation and a diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism was made. Treatment consisted of transfusion of whole blood and administration of a synthetic serine proteinase inhibitor, FOY. Approximately two hours after administration of the latter, bleeding began to cease and vital signs became stable. The patient survived without sequelae.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lymphocyte activation is attenuated by stellate ganglion block.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Clinical evidence suggests that stellate ganglion block (SGB) might modulate the immune system. Little is known, however, about the immunologic effects of SGB. We examined how SGB affected immune functions by analyzing the activation response of lymphocytes during SGB. METHODS: Twenty-four volunteers were randomly subdivided into three groups. The SGB group (SGB; n = 9) received 6 mL 1% lidocaine at the sixth cervical vertebra (C6) transverse process and showed Horner's sign and elevation of ipsilateral facial and upper limb temperature. The lidocaine group (n = 7) had 6 mL 1% lidocaine injected into subcutaneous tissue at the neck and showed no remarkable clinical effects. The saline group (placebo; n = 8) received 6 mL saline solution injected at approximately the C6 transverse process and showed no remarkable clinical effects. Peripheral blood samples were drawn before and 30 minutes after drug administration. Samples were incubated for 4 hours under the stimulation of mitogen. Using flow cytometry, we measured the de novo expression of CD69, which is one of the initial markers of lymphocyte activation and which reflects the cell activation process. The changes in pre- and post-values were calculated and compared among the three groups. RESULTS: In only the SGB group, the helper T-cell activation was significantly reduced, and the cytotoxic T-cell activation also tended to decrease after SGB. CONCLUSIONS: SGB may depress immune system activity for a short time, as reflected in the T-cell activation response.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The mesh plug technique for adult inguinal herniation.

We studied 112 adult patients who underwent the mesh plug method for inguinal hernia at our clinical division from August 1996 to September 1998. We compared the mesh plug method with conventional sutured repair, such as the Bassini method, the ileopubic tract repair method and the McVay method, according to the duration of operation, postoperative white blood cell count, postoperative CRP, the frequency of analgesics after surgery, and the recurrence rate. The duration of operation in patients with the mesh plug method was significantly short. According to postoperative white blood cell count and CRP, there was no significant difference between the two groups. Frequency of analgesics after surgery was 0.8 times in a patient with conventional sutured repair and 0.4 times in a patient with the mesh plug method, suggesting that it was significantly low in patients with the mesh plug method. The recurrence rate in patients with the mesh plug method was 3.57% (4 cases). All the recurrences had developed within 1 year after surgery, and all of the cases were repaired with the mesh plug method. We conclude that the mesh plug method for adult inguinal hernia was a useful operative procedure with shorter duration of operation, less postoperative wound pain, and almost the same recurrence rate compared with conventional sutured repair.

Adolescent↗