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Biomedical subjects

N R Miller

Publications and source records attributed to N R Miller.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Ocular involvement in wound botulism.

A 7-year-old girl developed bilateral ptosis, total ophthalmoplegia, and fixed, dilated pupils associated with bulbar paralysis and generalized weakness six days after she sustained a compound supracondylar fracture of the right humerus. Nerve conduction studies showed a facilitated muscle action potential after repetitive nerve stimulation. Blood cultures were negative. Although the wound site appeared noninfected, the wound was explored. Clostridium botulinum, type B, grew from cultures taken from the depths of the wound. The patient recovered fully with supportive care, and EEG abnormalities present during the acute phase of the illness disappeared.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The nerve fiber layer in the diagnosis of glaucoma.

Serial fundus photographs of 14 eyes that eventually developed glaucomatous visual field defects and 110 slides from 76 eyes of race- and age-matched controls were reviewed in randomized masked fashion. Each eye that lost visual field demonstrated consistent abnormalities of the nerve fiber layer, beginning as early as 5 years (mean, 1 1/2 years) before it developed glaucomatous visual field defects on routine Goldmann perimetry. Preliminary estimates, based on regression analysis of this small series, suggest that half of these eyes (median) might demonstrate such reproducible abnormalities between four and six years before onset of their visual field defects. Only 9% of the matched controls showed similar nerve fiber layer changes, and in the one instance where analysis was possible, these were inconsistent and nonreproducible. Nerve fiber layer assessment by means of fundus photographs may be the earliest, surest means of distinguishing ocular hypertension from true glaucoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Solitary oculomotor nerve palsy in childhood.

In most cases of isolated oculomotor nerve palsy in 30 patients under age 20 years the palsy was congenital, and aberrant regeneration was present. The most common causes of acquired oculomotor nerve palsy were blunt trauma and infectious processes, both local and systemic. Neoplasms, aneurysms, and ophthalmoplegic migraine caused the other cases. The causes of isolated oculomotor nerve palsy in childhood differ from those in adults both in nature and in frequency of occurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Giant, mushroom-shaped osteoma of the orbit originating from the maxillary sinus.

A 53-year-old woman had a six-month history of proptosis, pain, and decreased vision in the right eye. Skull X-ray films and polytomography demonstrated a giant, mushroom-shaped osteoma originating from the roof of the maxillary sinus and invading the orbit. The tumor was removed by a lateral orbital approach with prompt resolution of proptosis and pain, and recovery of normal vision and ocular motility. This patient is one of 34 patients with 38 paranasal sinus osteomas examined here in the last 25 years. Only six patients have had orbital symptoms or signs.

Exophthalmos↗
PubMed1976

Primate type-C virus nucleic acid sequences (woolly monkey and baboon types) in tissues from a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia and in viruses isolated from cultured cells of the same patient.

Cultured peripheral blood leukocytes from a woman (patient HL23) with acute myelogenous leukemia produced type-C RNA tumor viruses (HL23V). The viruses were analyzed by molecular hybridization experiments after transmission to five secondary cell culture lines. Using the criteria of molecular hybridization, we concluded that all of the transmitted virus isolates have nucleotide sequences related to the genome of simian sarcoma virus (SiSV). In addition, in agreement with data reported elsewhere, some of the transmitted viruses also have nucleotide sequences related to those of the baboon endogenous virus (BaEV). We also used molecular hybridization to ascertain whether both viruses could have originated from the patient HL23. Utilizing [3H] cDNA complementary to RNA from the separated BaEV-related component of HL23V and hybridizing this cDNA to DNA from tissues of the patient, we detected sequences related to BaEV in DNA obtained from the patient's spleen. These BaEV DNA sequences were also detectable when 125I-labeled RNA from BaEV was used as a probe. In agreement with earlier results, however, no SiSV-related sequences were detectable in the DNA of her tissues. Cytoplasmic viral-like particles, which had a buoyant density of 1.15-1.2 g/ml and were capable of synthesizing cDNA in association with a 35S RNA in vitro, were also found in the patient's fresh uncultured leukemic blood cells. cDNA synthesized by the cytoplasmic particles contained some sequences that hybridized to RNA from SiSV and, in addition, some that hybridized to RNA from BaEV. The cDNA also hybridized significantly to DNA isolated from the spleen of patient HL23 and to cytoplasmic RNA from the patient's leukocytes. These molecular hybridization results with nucleic acids obtained from the fresh blood cells of the patient, combined with the repeated isolation of similar viruses from different blood and bone marrow samples from the same patient, suggest that the virus come directly from the leukemic cell samples. The finding of BaEV-related DNA proviral sequences in the spleen of the patient strongly supports this interpretation. The failure so far to find a complete SiSV-related provirus is perplexing, but could be attributable to the existence of such a provirus in DNA of only a small population of cells in most leukemic patient.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1975

Arachnoid cysts involving a portion of the intraorbital optic nerve.

Two patients were seen. One had chronic monocular choked disc, visual loss, and optociliary veins; the other had optic atrophy and a left-sided frontotemporal porencephalic cyst. Both patients were found on pathologic examination to have arachnoid cysts involving a localized segment of the intraorbital optic nerve.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Visual loss as the initial symptom in Hodgkin disease.

Involvement of the visual system in Hodgkin Disease generally occurs late in the course of the illness. A 43-year-old man was seen at the Johns Hopkins Hospital complaining of monocular visual loss. Clinical observations and neuroradiologic examinations suggested a chiasmal mass lesion, and the patient underwent a frontal craniotomy with biopsy of the chiasm. The biopsy specimen was diagnosed as a spongioblastoma of the optic chiasm, and the patient underwent a course of radiotherapy. Shortly after craniotomy, the patient developed evidence of a systemic illness and died eight months after onset of visual symptoms. Autopsy revealed extensive systemic involvement by Hodgkin sarcoma. Microscopical examination of the optic chiasm revealed no evidence of optic glioma but revealed diffuse infiltration by Hodgkin sarcoma. Reexamination of the original biopsy specimen confirmed that initial visual symptomatologic findings were secondary to intracranial Hodgkin disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Optic nerve glioma and cerebellar astrocytoma in a patient with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis.

A 2 and a half year-old boy with neurofibromatosis developed unilateral proptosis, decreased visual acuity, and optic disk edema. After the discovery and removal of an optic nerve glioma, the patient had ten years of excellent health until he began having headaches, nausea, and vomiting. He had papilledema in his remaining eye. At exploration, a cerebellar astrocytoma and a neuroglial hamartoma were removed. The occurrence of a glioma of right anterior visual pathway associated with other primary intracranial lesions in patients with neurofibromatosis was not previously reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Giant intracranial dermoid cyst: Case report and review of the literature on intracranial dermoids and epidermoids.

A 45-year old man was referred to the Johns Hopkins Hospital with a seven-year history of repeated episodes of light-headedness, increasing irriability and forgetfulness. Examinations revealed a right superior, incongruous quadrantanopsia. EEG showed an abnormality in the left temporal lobe, and a cerebral angiogram outlined an avascular mass in the left cerebral hemisphere. At operation, the patient was found to have a giant dermoid cyst involving the left frontal, temporal and parietal lobes. Over the last 30 years we have encountered only 6 cases of intracranial epidermoids and 3 cases of intracranial dermoids. These cases are cited, and a discussion of the embryology, histology, clinical characteristics, and treatment of these lesions with a review of the literature is undertaken.

Brain↗
PubMed1975

Manpower planning.

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Health Planning↗
PubMed1974

Systematics of RNA tumor viruses and virus-like particles of human origin.

[(3)H]DNA copies of avian, feline, murine, and primate RNA tumor virus genomes were synthesized in vitro by an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase reaction. These DNAs were hybridized to 60-70S RNA that had been purified from the viruses. The amount of the [(3)H]DNA hybridized yielded a measure of the genetic relatedness among the DNA preparations synthesized by the viruses. When many combinations of DNA and RNA were analyzed, the pattern of hybridization showed in some cases that the DNA copies of the viral RNA were related to each other in the same way that the natural hosts of the viruses are phylogenetically related. This pattern was observed only among the RNA leukemia viruses. The sarcoma component in sarcoma-leukemia viruses from rats and primates appeared to be unusually closely related. The mouse mammary carcinoma virus and two unclassified viruses (MPMV and Visna) appeared to be genetically distinct.A similar analysis of DNA synthesized by an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase associated with a viral-like particle obtained from the cytoplasm of human leukemic white blood cells demonstrated that this DNA occupied a space in the affinity pattern of leukemia viruses which is expected of a nucleic acid from a primate-type-C RNA tumor virus. This observation strengthens earlier evidence that components of RNA tumor viruses are associated with human leukemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

As I see it.

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Female↗
PubMed1973

Primate RNA tumor virus-like DNA synthesized endogenously by RNA-dependent DNA polymerase in virus-like particles from fresh human acute leukemic blood cells.

A particle of discrete biochemical composition was purified from fresh, unfrozen peripheral blood leukocytes of human patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia. This particle endogenously synthesized DNA by use of an RNA primer and template. About half of the DNA sequences synthesized in the presence of actinomycin D hybridized to RNA isolated from type-C sarcoma viruses of primates or mice; lower annealing values were obtained with RNA isolated from other sarcoma or leukemia viruses. The results confirm and extend previous results from molecular hybridization experiments related to the existence in human leukemia of components of RNA tumor viruses.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

As I see it.

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Nurse-Patient Relations↗