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Biomedical subjects

N Nohara

Publications and source records attributed to N Nohara.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Double-blind comparison of cefadroxil and cephalexin granules in the treatment of impetigo].

A double-blind clinical comparison of cefadroxil granules (CDX) and a long-acting preparation of cephalexin granules (L-CEX) was conducted in the treatment of impetigo in children. The long-acting cephalexin preparation was composed of 3 parts of granules soluble in the stomach and 7 parts of those soluble in the intestine. Drugs were administered at 3 different doses depending on the body weight of patients (Group I: less than 10 kg, Group II: between 10 kg and 20 kg, Group III: over 20 kg). Overall clinical evaluation by attending doctors: CDX group scored slightly better but not statistically significant results. Evaluation of usefulness: CDX group scored slightly better but not statistically significant results. Partially standardized evaluation: CDX scored statistically significantly higher points in the evaluation of total cases and Group II on Day 5, and Group II on Day 7. Cumulative points through Day 5 and Day 7 were not statistically significant. Follow-up evaluation by attending doctors: CDX group got a better result in total cases and Group II on day 3, and in total cases on days 5 and 7. Otherwise there was no statistically significant difference. Incidence of side effects was not significantly different between the 2 drug groups. As shown in Fig. 1, CDX was administered on rising in the morning, after lunch, and at bed time whereas L-CEX was given on rising and at bed time when the patients were relatively in fasting condition. This may have reduced the expected merit of L-CEX and some reserve is required in the interpretations of the results shown herein.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Analytical study of the performance of a multilayer positron computed tomography scanner.

The image-forming performance of multilayer positron tomographs for extended sources is evaluated analytically. The analysis is simplified by "rotation transform," by which three-dimensional photon detection problems are solved by two-dimensional treatment. Event rates of singles, unscattered true coincidence, and a single- and double-scattered coincidence are formulated for a uniform cylinder phantom as functions of various design parameters. Angle factors for Compton scattering and other parameters used in the evaluation are presented. Scatter components in projections and their effect on the reconstructed images are also evaluated. The scatter component in the reconstructed image depends critically on the detector ring radius, phantom radius, method of attenuation correction, etc. When the director radius is relatively small (40 or approximately 45 cm in diameter), the scatter/true ratio at the image center of a 20 cm diameter phantom may be larger than the scatter/true ratio in the event rates. Comparison with experimental data obtained with a head positron tomograph, POSITOLOGICA, showed reasonable agreement both in the total coincidence rates and in the scatter components in the images for a cylindrical phantom of 20 cm in diameter.

Mathematics↗
PubMed1982

[Experimental studies of cefmetazole in the field of dermatology].

Cefmetazole was studied experimentally in the field of dermatology. The following results were obtained. 1. The in vitro antibacterial activities of cefmetazole against S. aureus and S. epidermidis were studied. Most strains of both staphylococci were inhibited by 1.56 micrograms/ml or less of cefmetazole. 2. Serum and skin concentrations of cefmetazole in rats were studied after intramuscular administration of 20 mg/kg of cefmetazole. Mean serum concentrations were 40.3, 21.5, 7.1, 0.56 micrograms/ml respectively at 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 hours, and the corresponding skin concentrations were 12.5, 6.1, 0.62, 0.61 micrograms/g (n = 4).

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical use of amoxicillin preparation with prolonged activity in dermatology (author's transl)].

C-AMOX was administered to adult patients of acute bacterial skin infection at the dosage of 500 mg 2 times a day after meals in the morning and in the evening. Evaluation was done in 4 grades, i.e. excellent, good, fair and poor. Of 42 cases treated, excellent was marked in 11 cases and good was in 14 cases. Percentage of excellent and good results was 59.5%. Fair results being included, the percentage rises to 83.3%. As subjective side effects, stomach trouble (including stomachache) were observed in 2 cases and diarrhea, perleche, rash, nausea and loss of appetite were each 1 case.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Experimental and clinical studies of fortimicin in the field of dermatology].

1. Fortimicin (KW-1070) was found to be similar to amikacin in vitro activity against S. aureus of 27 strains and S. epidermidis of 17 strains isolated in dermatological field. 2. Serum and skin levels of the drug were determined in rats. Mean serum levels (n = 4) were 4.91 mcg/ml at 1/4 hour, 2.40 mcg/ml at 1/2 hour, 2.40 mcg/ml at 1 hour and 0.51 mcg/ml at 2 hours. The corresponding skin levels were 2.15 mcg/g, 2.27 mcg/g, 0.83 mcg/g and 0.19 mcg/g. 3. Seven cases with dermatological infections were treated with fortimicin. No side effects were observed both in subjective and in laboratory findings.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Use of cefroxadine dry syrup in the management of acute skin infections in children (author's transl)].

1. Cefroxadine dry syrup was in principle administered at the dosage of 10 mg per kilogram of body weight 3 times a day. 2. Evaluation was done in 4 grades, i.e. excellent, good, fair and poor. 3. According to subjective judgement by attending doctors, 'excellent' or 'good' was recorded in 90.7%. 4. If the evaluation was partially standardized, 'excellent' or 'good' was obtained in 74.8% of total 163 cases and in 78.7% of 108 impetigo cases. 5. Side effects were observed in 3 cases (diarrhea 1, fever 2). No direct correlation of these complaints with the administration of the present drug was confirmed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1981

Cholesterol synthesis and esterification in experimental xanthoma tissues.

We studied cholesterol metabolism in experimental xanthoma tissues which were induced by injection of high molecular weight sodium dextran sulfate into the dermis of hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Control studies were performed on dermal specimens of the dextran sulfate-injected site of normolipemic rabbits. Cholesterol accumulation was much greater in the hypercholesterolemic rabbit tissues than in the normolipemic rabbit tissues. Histiocytes and foam cells in such lesions had an ability to synthesize cholesterol. However, cholesterol synthesis was suppressed in the cholesterol-rich tissues of hypercholesterolemic rabbits. This suppression was obviously caused by the accumulation of cholesterol in the tissues which take up lipoprotein in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. On the other hand, esterification of cholesterol was greater in the hypercholesterolemic rabbit tissues than in the normolipemic rabbit tissues. Cholesterol was esterified more selectively with oleic acid than with palmitic acid. Therefore, cholesteryl oleate increased in the tissues concomitantly with the accumulation of cholesteryl esters. Fatty acids of serum origin rather than those synthesized in situ were more important in the esterification process. It was suggested that cholesterol esterification was mediated by acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase and that lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase contributed little to the process.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

New Anger scintillation cameras with improved count rate capability.

This paper proposes scintillation cameras which can handle input pulse rates beyond 1 Mcps with negligible as spatial resolution and energy resolution at low pulse rates. The cameras are based on the "variable sampling-time technique", in which phototube current pulses are first shortened in width and then selectively integrated by gated integrators followed by sample-and-hold circuits. The period of integration before sampling is not fixed but shortened by the arrival of the following pulse to keep a high pulse-pair time resolution. An approximate expression for the count rate characteristics has been derived, and its validity was confirmed by Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicates that the maximum observed count rate will reach 420-520 kcps with an energy window fraction of 0.5 for typical design parameters.

Scintillation Counting↗
PubMed1979

A semiquantitative measurement of anti-nuclear antibody using immuno-microfluorimetry.

1. Using microfluorimetry, the strength of fluorescence was measured on fluoresceinated anti-nuclear antibody of SLE sera. The indirect "Sandwich" method was applied using human peripheral lymphocytes as substrates tissue. 2. The results of using three FITC-labelled anti-human IgG conjugates of different types were compared with each other. 3. More specific and more consistent results were obtained with conjugates with a lower F/P ratio and lower antibody and protein concentration that those in the case of conjugates with a higher F/P molar ratio and higher antibody and protein concentration. 4. The immuno-microfluorimetric technique is very useful for the objective determination of the results of fluorescence microscopy and for the comparison of conjugates of different qualities.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗