Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) in the presence of urea, acid, and Triton X-100 was used for determination of the G gamma to A gamma ratio in human Hb F. The data compared most favourable with results obtained by a HPLC procedure and by a chemical procedure. Moreover, its accuracy and reproducibility was determined. The presence of Hb A2 in a sample with Hb F level below 10% interferes with the determination because of the nearly identical electrophoretic mobilities of the delta and G gamma chains. Thus, the removal of Hb A2 is required. Samples free fo Hb A2 but with a Hb F level as low as 2% can be analyzed with an accuracy of about 5%. The PAGE method has been applied to the Hb F of 63 subjects with beta thalassemia and related conditions, and the results of these analyses are included in this communication.

Chemical Phenomena↗

PubMed1981

[Reproduction of salmonellosis in swine by aerosol infection].

Four 36-day-old pigs were infected through aerosol with Salmonella cholerae suis var. america, and one pig was injected with same pathogen intravenously as a control, all animals being treated in a chamber. The temperature and the other clinical signs were followed up. Rectal samples and hemocultures were investigated for Salmonella organisms. On the 4th, 8h, 14th, and 25th day a pig was killed for bacteriologic and histopathologic investigations of the viscera. As early as the 48th hour there were in the aerosol-treated animals a rise of temperature and deterioration of the general status. From those that were killed at varying intervals Salmonellae were isolated from the lungs, mediastinal lymph nodes, small intestines, and other organs up to the 14th day after the pigs were infected, while on the 25th day Salmonellae were recovered only in the caecum, from the rectal samples of 3 pigs, and in a hemoculture from one pig. Histopathologically, there were lesions characteristic of salmonellosis. It is supposed that in the conditions of industrial pig farming at least two mechanisms of transmitting the Salmonella organisms exist -- the alimentary one (a primary route), and the air dust one.

Aerosols↗

PubMed1981

Influence of immobilization and motor loading on the 4.5--12 Hz frequency range of the EEG in rats.

The changes in the rhythmic structure of the background bioelectrical activity in the 4.5-12 Hz range in the hippocampus (Hipp.), the mesencephalic locomotor region (Mes LMR) and the sensomotor cortex (MC) in rats are studied under conditions of prolonged immobilization and motor loading. The different motor regimes are found to result in a lasting transformation in the background rhythmic characteristics of the formations studied. While in the immobilized rats there is prevalence of rhythms in the 4.5--7 Hz range and a decrease between 7.5 and 9 Hz, in motor-loaded rats rhythms prevail in the 7.5--9 Hz range. Moreover, in the case of motor-loaded rats there is a characteristic shifting of the rhythms towards the higher frequency within the 9.5--12 Hz range compared with the controls. Similar results have also been found as a direct result after each training session. The data obtained are interpreted on the basis of the EEG correlates described in the literature of the respective behaviour--"movement" and "immobility" slow rhythmic hippocampal activity (RSA). It is pointed out that: (1) Different motor regimes lead to lasting transformations in the background EEG; (2) The observed transformation concerns not only the hippocampus but also other cerebral structures as well, connected with the control of motor behaviour, namely MC and MesLMR.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

[Morphological studies of the changes in the cerebral cortex in endotoxic shock in dogs].

The objective of this study is to gain knowledge on the morphologic changes in the brain cortex at the height of an endotoxin shock, since only scanty data on these changes are available in the literature. Sixteen dogs, injected intravenously with endotoxin of Escherichia coli strain 0111:B4 in a dose of 2 mg/kg bodyweight, comprised the study group. Four hours after the endotoxin injection the brains of all experimental animals were examined by routine histologic methods and of five of them--by electron microscopy. The results of light- and electron-microscopic examination showed that the morphologic lesions were localized in the microcirculatory area and the ganglial cells of the brain. The microcirculation changes included a wellmarked sludge-phenomenon and changes in endothelial cell structure (increase in the number of ribosomes and pinocytic vesicles, enhanced luminal evagination), which, as a whole, are a morphologic expression of increased vascular permeability. It is assumed that the observed cortical neurone changes are due to microcirculatory disorders and have no bearing on the direct action of endotoxin on them.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

[Gastric secretion of white rats in endotoxic shock].

The output of gastric secretion, gastric juice pH and its proteolytic activity are studied in twelve white rats in the state of endotoxic shock. Gastric juice from the animals is collected during two different periods - prior to shock, and during the shock - with the first period serving as a control. The proteolytic capacity of gastric juice is assayed enzymophoretically. In the course of endotoxin shock a statistically reliable decrease in gastric secretion output, as well as reduced acidity manifested with increase in pH and reduction to full disappearance of the proteolytic capacity of gastric juice are established in the animals experimented upon. The obtained results are interpreted in the light of direct and indirect inhibition of the gastric mucosa secretory activity.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

[Effect of E. coli endotoxin on gastric evacuation and intestinal motility in rats].

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Animals↗