Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

N Moriyama

Publications and source records attributed to N Moriyama.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Urodynamic analysis of age-related changes of alpha 1-adrenoceptor responsiveness in female beagle dogs.

PURPOSE: We have evaluated age-related changes of alpha 1-adrenoceptor responsiveness in the lower urinary tract of female beagle dogs by urodynamic analyses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six aged parous and 6 young nonparous female beagle dogs were studied. Mean ages (+/- standard error of the mean) of the 2 groups were 68.3 +/- 2.3 and 12.4 +/- 0.08 months. Before and after 4 administrations of alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist (midodrine hydrochloride 0.03, 0.1, 0.3 and 1.0 mg./kg. intravenously), cystometry, urethral pressure profilometry and external urethral sphincter electromyography were performed. RESULTS: After 0.3 mg./kg. midodrine administration, mean bladder capacity in the aged dogs significantly decreased, compared with that in the young dogs (p < 0.05). After the minimum dose administration (0.03 mg./kg.), the urethral closing pressure in both groups increased significantly (p < 0.05) with no changes in bladder capacity or arterial blood pressure. The proximal urethral closing pressure in the aged dogs increased dose dependently. After administration of 1.0 mg./kg. drug it reached 257% of the initial values (p < 0.01), which was significantly greater than that in the young dogs (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that 1) age-related increase of alpha 1-adrenoceptor responsiveness occurs in the bladder and in the proximal urethra. The former may be one of the etiologies of detrusor instability in the elderly. 2) A lower dose of midodrine hydrochloride may be useful for the treatment of stress incontinence, independent of age.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical application of helical CT and thin slice CT].

Image data of helical CT is continuous data and helical CT is able to take whole organ scan during one breath hold. We applied helical CT to mass survey of lung cancer. The mass survey could detect 19 cases of lung cancers and 10 cases of these could be detected by only helical CT. Helical CT is useful for diagnosis of hepatic and pancreatic cancer also. Helical CT is able to take image of arterial, portal and venous phase of whole liver and these image were valuable to detect small hyper vascular hepatic neoplasma. CT image of arterial phase of pancreas revealed small pancreatic cancer as a comparative low attenuation area.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Age-related changes in alpha 1-adrenoceptors in rat prostate.

The age-related changes in the density of alpha 1-adrenoceptors in the dorsolateral lobe of the rat prostate were evaluated in Wistar rats at 8, 52, and 104 weeks of age. [3H]YM617, a newly synthesized alpha 1-adrenergic blocker, was used as the ligand. The mean maximum number of binding sites, or alpha 1-adrenoceptor density (Bmax) +/- SE of 104-week-old rats (11.0 +/- 1.2 fmol/mg protein) was significantly lower than that in the 8-week-old rats (37.0 +/- 4.3 fmol/mg protein) and 52-week-old rats (37.2 +/- 3.4 fmol/mg protein) (respectively, P < 0.01). In contrast, mean affinity (Kd) values +/- SE of these groups showed no significant differences (8-week-old rats, 115.8 +/- 9.1; 52-week-old rats, 100.5 +/- 5.8; and 104-week-old rats, 116.4 +/- 9.8 pM). Mean volumes +/- SE of muscle cells of the prostate were 3.7 +/- 1.1 x 10(3) microns3 at 8 weeks, 30.0 +/- 6.2 x 10(3) microns3 at 52 weeks, and 18.6 +/- 8.2 x 10(3) microns3 at 104 weeks. Volumes for 8-week-old rats were significantly smaller than those for 52-week-old (P < 0.01) and 104-week-old rats (P < 0.05). However, the mean area density of the muscle cells showed no difference among the three groups: 20.1 +/- 2.2% at 8 weeks, 27.3 +/- 2.9% at 52 weeks and 20.3 +/- 3.4% at 104 weeks. In conclusion, the density of YM617-binding sites (alpha 1-adrenoceptors) in 104-week-old rats was lower than in 8- and 52-week-old rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1995

Renal aging change of alpha 1-adrenoceptor in Wistar rats.

1. The aging changes of density of the alpha 1-adrenoceptors in the kidney were evaluated with Wistar rats of several ages (8, 52 and 104 weeks old). 2. [3H]prazosin and [3H]YM617 (newly synthesized alpha 1-blocker) were used for the ligand. The Bmax of [3H]prazosin was 74.0 +/- 9.5 fmol/mg/protein in 8 week, 52.1 +/- 7.3 fmol/mg protein in 52 week, and 31.3 +/- 4.2 fmol/mg protein in 104 week rats, and that of [3H]YM617 was 45.0 +/- 6.6 fmol/mg/protein in 8 week, 32.4 +/- 5.7 fmol/mg/protein in 52 week, and 19.3 +/- 5.5 fmol/mg/protein in 104 week rats. 3. The Bmax of both ligands for 104 week rats was significantly decreased compared to 8 week rats, however, 52 week rats showed no decrease of Bmax for both ligands. 4. The Kd values showed no difference in these three age groups for both ligands. 5. Autoradiographic study supported the result above mentioned. Furthermore, the binding sites of alpha 1-adrenoceptors were mainly in the cortex (vascular wall and peritubular area) and that alpha 1-adrenoceptors were chiefly chlorethylclonidine dihydrochloride (CEC) insensitive.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1995

Effect of bunazosin, alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocker, on multidirectional contractile response and localization of bunazosin binding sites in human hypertrophied prostate.

1. Effects of bunazosin, an alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocker, on the contraction induced by norepinephrine in human hypertrophied prostate were examined in vitro. 2. Prostatic specimens showed maximum contraction at 10(-4) M norepinephrine in longitudinal and circumferential directions to the urethra. 3. Bunazosin (10(-7) M) blocked norepinephrine-induced contraction with a parallel shift of the dose-response curve in both directions (pA2: 8.76 +/- 0.15; pA2: 8.90 +/- 0.08, respectively). 4. Serial sections of prostates were also evaluated by autoradiography. The binding sites were diffusely distributed in the interstitium. 5. We concluded that bunazosin affects multidirectional contraction in prostates.

Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists↗
PubMed1995

Early hepatocellular carcinoma: appearance at CT during arterial portography and CT arteriography with pathologic correlation.

PURPOSE: To use computed tomography (CT) during arterial portography (CTAP) and CT arteriography to compare the hemodynamic properties of early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with those of small HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-four early HCCs (mean diameter, 1.5 cm) in 37 patients (26 men and 11 women aged 52-74 years; mean age, 59.2 years) were studied. CTAP was performed on 35 early HCCs, CT arteriography on 20, and both studies on 11. CTAP, CT arteriography, or both were performed on 90 small HCCs (mean diameter, 2.0 cm) in 57 patients (44 men and 13 women aged 48-71 years; mean age, 61 years). The findings for small HCC were compared with those for early HCC. RESULTS: CTAP depicted 23 early HCCs as hypoattenuating masses and 12 as isoattenuating. CT arteriography depicted 11 early HCCs as hypoattenuating masses, six as isoattenuating, and three as hyperattenuating. CTAP depicted 85 of 88 small HCCs as hypoattenuating masses and three as isoattenuating. CT arteriography depicted 13 of 14 small HCCs as hyperattenuating masses. CONCLUSION: CTAP, the standard of reference for the detection of small HCC, is not sensitive enough for the detection of early HCC.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Histochemical study of biotinylated lectins in prostatic cancer].

We examined the staining pattern of various lectins in the malignant and benign prostatic tissues to clarify the difference of sugar residues of mucosubstances between them. The binding of different lectins (Concanavalia ensiformis [Con A], Triticum vulgaris [WAG], Ricinus communis [RCA-I], Arachis hypogaea [PNA], Ulex europaeus [UEA-I], Glycine max [SBA], and Gliffonia simplicifolia II [GSA-II]) to cells of benign prostatic tissues (17 cases) and adenocarcinoma (54 cases) was evaluated immunohistochemically. SBA which was negative in benign epithelial cells, showed tendency to the binding to prostatic carcinoma (42.6%). UEA-I was significantly bound to the adenocarcinoma (68.5%) compared to the benign prostatic tissue (35.3%). We also examined histochemically 25 pairs of tissues obtained from prostatic adenocarcinoma before and after the various therapies with various lectins. The histological responsiveness on the post-therapeutic specimens showed a significant correlation to the clinical responsiveness to therapy. But the staining pattern of these 7 lectins on the pre-therapeutic specimens did not show a significant correlation to the clinical responsiveness to therapy. In summary, the staining pattern of some lectins in the prostatic cancers is different from that in the benign prostatic tissues.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Evaluation of advanced bladder tumor].

Ninety-two cases of advanced bladder tumor treated at the University of Tokyo and branch hospital from January 1977 to December 1992 were analyzed. The advanced bladder tumor was defined as that of higher than pT2 (according to the General Rule for Clinical and Pathological Studies on Bladder Cancer) or that with distant metastases. The following variants were evaluated, the therapeutic methods, the histological type, grade, stage, type of infiltration. The evidence of lymphatic infiltration, vessel infiltration, and lymph node metastases were also reviewed. The survival rate was calculated using Kaplan-Meier's method. In the cases with lymph node metastases, the survival rate was significantly lower than in the cases without metastases (p < 0.01), while no other factors affected the survival rate.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1995

[Histochemical expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) for pre and post chemotherapeutic bladder cancer].

We examined whether the staining of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) could be useful as a marker of chemotherapeutic effectiveness in nine patients with invasive bladder cancer treated by bilateral internal iliac artery infusion of cisplatin (CDDP). Two types of monoclonal antibodies PC-10, 19A2 were used for immunohistochemical staining in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. There was no difference between positive rates of PC-10 and 19A2. The mean positive rates between pre-chemotherapeutic specimens (15.4 +/- 6.7%) and post-chemotherapeutic specimens (4.2 +/- 3.1%) showed statistically significant difference (p < 001). The immunohistochemical evaluation of PCNA has value for investigation of cell's turnover. Therefore, the changes of PCNA-positive rate could be a historical parameter for the evaluation of chemotherapeutic effects.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Detection of a glycosphingolipid antigen in bladder cancer cells with monoclonal antibody MRG-1.

The monoclonal antibody MRG-1 has been evaluated for the immunohistochemical detection of the type 3 chain of blood group A in human normal bladder epithelium and bladder tumours. Light microscope examination of paraffin sections demonstrated that this antigen was present in normal epithelium and superficial bladder tumour in patients with blood group A or AB, but was absent in the invasive type of bladder tumour. In normal epithelium, the plasma membrane was positive for this antigen, and the cytoplasm was diffusely stained. In superficial transitional cell carcinoma, the plasma membrane was negative, whereas the cytoplasm was intensely stained in the perinuclear region. This pattern was different from that observed for type 1 and 2 group A antigen, which was recognized mainly at the plasma membrane. However, in superficial transitional cell carcinoma, the staining was also seen on the plasma membrane. The pattern of the localization of this antigen in this carcinoma was influenced by the treatment of organic solvents. Electron microscopical observations confirmed that this antigen was localized on the plasma membrane and also in the Golgi apparatus of the superficial tumour. These results proved that the type 3 chain of blood group A is present in human bladder epithelium and low grade tumours in correspondence with the blood type, but disappears in tumours with high malignant potential. However, its expression is independent of the expressions of the other subtypes which have been studied. Furthermore, the changes in the staining pattern caused by pretreatment with organic solvents suggested possible differences in the microenvironment of the glycolipids containing this type of sugar chain.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Immunohistochemical localization of glucose transporters in human renal cell carcinoma.

The localization of 2 isoforms of glucose transporters (GLUT1 and GLUT4) in 75 patients with renal cell carcinoma was examined immunohistochemically. Paraffin sections were immunostained with either anti-GLUT1 or GLUT4 antibody by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. In 55 of 75 patients, GLUT1 staining was demonstrated at the plasma membrane of the cancer cells. In the clear cell subtype, 44 of 52 (84.6%) patients were positive for GLUT1. We did not detect positive staining for GLUT1 in the spindle cell type. In the mixed cell subtype, positive staining was recognized in only the areas of clear cell carcinomas (10 of 13; 76.9%). Positive staining for GLUT1 did not show any significant correlation with tumor grade or extent. Heterogeneous expression of GLUT1 was observed in tumor cell mass: some tumor cells were positive for GLUT1, while other cells were not. In adjacent normal tissue, GLUT1 staining was only recognized at the plasma membrane of some renal tubules. GLUT4 staining was not recognized in either tumor or normal tissues.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1995

[Development of helical CT and clinical application].

We applied helical CT to examinations of the clinical image diagnosis. Scanning was performed continuously while the couchtop of the CT scanner was shifted at a constant speed. The entire lung field could be scanned during a single holding of the breath when the couchtop speed was 20 mm/s. Tumors as small as 2 mm were detected. The diagnostic detectability and accuracy of helical CT were far superior to those conventional chest radiography. During abdominal examination, the target organ could be scanned at any specified phase (preferably arterial) during the injection of contrast medium. We detected very small hepatic tumors which could not be detected by conventional CT. Helical CT produced continuous data, which was reconstructed to display three-dimensional image. Helical CT could be used in mass screening for the detection of early lung cancer and in computer-aided diagnosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Quantitative autoradiography of alpha 1 adrenoceptors with [3H]tamsulosin in human hypertrophied prostate using computerized image analysis.

Fourteen specimens of human hypertrophied prostate were evaluated for the distribution of alpha 1 adrenoceptors using autoradiography with a computerized image analysis system. The hypertrophied prostatic specimens, obtained at open prostatectomy, were dissected vertically to the urethra, and sectioned at 10 microns. They were immersed in 1 nM of specific alpha 1 ligand, [3H]tamsulosin chloride ([3H]tamsulosin) and exposed to autoradiographic film. The images were analysed by a computerized image analysis system. The total binding of [3H]tamsulosin in the whole section (n = 14) was 0.82 +/- 0.21 (mean +/- SE) nCi mg-1. The autographic data were correlated with data obtained in a membrane-binding assay. The prostatic tissue studied was divided into urethral, glandular and stromal zones, the latter two zones being further divided into the inner and outer areas. The total binding of [3H]tamsulosin in the urethral zone (n = 7) was 0.65 +/- 0.32 nCi mg-1. The glandular zone contained significantly more abundant alpha 1 adrenoceptors than the stromal zone and their densities (glandular vs stromal) were 1.15 +/- 0.19 nCi mg-1 (n = 14) vs 0.72 +/- 0.15 nCi mg-1 (n = 14), respectively (p < 0.05). The data from the whole section were not affected by prostatic weight. This method described enabled the distribution of the receptors in different sites to be evaluated both morphologically and quantitatively.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1994

Multidirectional contraction of human hypertrophied prostate.

1. The purpose of the present investigation is to evaluate muscle contraction in two directions (longitudinal and circumferential to urethra) physiologically and morphologically for alpha-adrenoceptor agonists. 2. Norepinephrine (10(-7)-10(-4) M), phenylephrine (10(-7)-10(-4) M) and clonidine (10(-7)-10(-4) M) induced contractions in a dose-dependent manner on human prostate from patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). 3. No significant differences were observed between longitudinal and circumferential directions of human prostate in 50% of the maximal muscle contraction (EC50 values) and the maximal muscle contractions caused by any agents used. 4. Morphometric analysis for muscle in prostates was performed using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections stained by the Mallory-Azan method. 5. There was no significant difference in the density of the muscle area between longitudinal and circumferential directions of prostatic strips. 6. These results suggest that there are no significant differences in responsiveness of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and the smooth muscle contents in longitudinal and circumferential directions to urethra, for human hypertrophied prostate.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1994

Case report: ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma arising from the left diaphragm.

A 57-year-old man with high alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and suspected submucosal tumour of the stomach was referred for investigation. A 6 cm hypervascular tumour with tumour vessels in the left diaphragm was diagnosed by a combination of angiography and computed tomography. At laparotomy, the tumour was confirmed to be located just beneath the left diaphragm and to be isolated from the liver parenchyma. The resected specimen was histopathologically hepatocellular carcinoma. The level of AFP returned to normal, and the patient is free of recurrence 8 years after operation.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗