Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to N Mihalache.
Serum immunoglobulins G, A and M were investigated by radial immunodiffusion in a group of 217 diabetics (133 males, 84 females) of whom 152 were insulin dependent and 65 non-insulin dependent. Higher values of IgA as compared with IgG and IgM were observed whatever the criteria of clinical analysis used. The highest IgA values were found in diabetics aged over 65 at the onset of disease and in those with renal complications.
With a view to studying the eventual alterations of protein metabolism, some serum protein fractions such as: immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM), transferrin and ceruloplasmin were determined in 100 diabetics (52 males, 48 females) in comparison with a control group of 26 healthy subjects. Significant differences were found between IgA and transferrin values both in diabetics and in controls. IgA tended to increase with the length of disease, whereas IgG, IgM and transferrin showed a contrary trend. IgA and transferrin values were higher in the patients with juvenile and young adult diabetes, as compared to maturity onset and senile diabetes. Other immunoglobulin and transferrin changes were related to sex, age, type of treatment, degree of stability, presence of chronic complications. No significant anomalies were found for ceruloplasmin. The results confirm the presence of serum protein alterations in diabetes mellitus, whose significance may be correlated with the clinical particularities of the disease.
A parallel study concerning the influence of antidiabetic treatment of the carbohydrate and lipid disturbances were carried out in 209 patients with newly discovered diabetes mellitus: 120 females and 89 males, ranging in age from 28 to 73 years. The treatment applied in terms of the clinical from of the disease was: insulin in 12 cases, tolbutamide in 25 cases, glurenorm (a sulphenyl urea derivative in 114 cases, biguanide in 45 cases, tolbutamide associated with biguanide in 13 cases. After 60 days of treatment, the incidence of HLP fell from 55.02% to 43.06% (in 90 of 209 cases), with a change in the distribution of the five HLP types. Parallel analysis of blood glucose, triglycerides (Tg) and cholesterol (Ch) revealed appraisable differences in the post-therapeutic evolution of the three biochemical parameters in terms of the treatment applied. A statistically significant, parallel and comparable decrease in glycemia, Tg and Ch was recorded after insulin and glurenorm; biguanides lowered only glycemia and Tg, and tolbutamide only glycemia. The fact that correction of carbohydrate disturbances is accompanied by a significant decrease only of Tg and not of Ch suggests that the pathophysiologic mechanisms by which these lipid fractions are modified in diabetes mellitus, differ and are probably independent on one another. The close relationship between the weight excess and plasma Tg (but not also plasma Ch) levels, likewise lends support to this assumption.
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