[Influenza-A virus as the cause of pandemics and epidemics].
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Disease Outbreaks↗
Biomedical subjects
N Masurel
Publications and source records attributed to N Masurel.
Studies on the content of antibodies for equine influenza viruses in human sera.
Previous workers had demonstrated that some of the viruses that caused the influenza epizootics of 1956 and 1963 among horses are antigenically related to certain human influenza viruses. The present authors therefore studied the distribution of antibodies for the equine influenza viruses in human sera. They found that three strains of A/Equi 2 virus (1963 Miami, 1963 Richelieu and 1963 Milford) are antigenically related and that there is a cross-relationship between the mouse line of the equine influenza A/Equi 1 (1956 Praha) antiserum and the 1963 A/Equi 2 strains. Haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibodies for A/Equi 2/Richelieu/63 were found in only 2 of 434 sera taken in 1963 from people aged less than 60 years but in 50 of 435 sera from people aged 60 years or more. These results suggest that infection with a virus resembling the A/Equi 2 1963 strain occurred some 7-10 years after the 1889-90 influenza pandemic; this virus was probably a mutant of the influenza A2 virus, which may have been the cause of the 1889-90 pandemic.
Animals↗
Hepatitis B vaccination in Down's syndrome and other mentally retarded patients.
The immune response after vaccination with H-B-VAX (20 micrograms, Months 0, 1 and 6) was investigated in 23 Down's syndrome patients and compared to that in 30 other mentally retarded patients and 32 staff members. About 90% of Down's syndrome and other mentally retarded patients and 100% of staff members had anti-HBs at Month 9, but anti-HBs less than 10 IU per liter were found in 6/23 (26.1%) of Down's syndrome, 7/30 (23.3%) of other mentally retarded patients, in contrast to 2/32 (6.2%) of staff members. No differences in anti-HBs response with regard to sex and age were observed in staff members, but geometric mean titers of anti-HBs were lower in older Down's syndrome and other mentally retarded patients, and in male Down's syndrome patients. Supplementary vaccination is necessary in these individuals to obtain "protective levels" of anti-HBs.
Adolescent↗
Rapid diagnosis of infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus.
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Fluorescent Antibody Technique↗
Annually repeated influenza vaccination improves humoral responses to several influenza virus strains in healthy elderly.
The benefit of annually repeated influenza vaccination on antibody formation is still under debate. In this study the effect of annually repeated influenza vaccination on haemagglutination inhibiting (HI) antibody formation in the elderly is investigated. Between 1990 and 1993 healthy young and elderly, both selected by the SENIEUR protocol, were vaccinated consecutively with commercially available influenza vaccines. The elderly had a lower HI antibody response after one vaccination as compared to the young against the A/Taiwan/1/86 (HINI), B/Yamagata/16/88 and B/Panama/45/90 strains. Annually repeated vaccination did not result in a decrease of the HI antibody titres against the A and B vaccine strains in both age groups. Moreover, the elderly had a significantly higher HI titre against the B strains after the second vaccination as compared to the first, resulting in comparable HI titres for young and elderly. Thus, annually repeated vaccination has a beneficial effect on the antibody titre against influenza virus and can contribute to a better antibody-response in the elderly.
Adult↗