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Biomedical subjects

N Masaki

Publications and source records attributed to N Masaki.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Presence of immunoreactive gamma-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropin, and beta-endorphin in human gastric antral mucosa.

gamma MSH-like, ACTH-like, and beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivities (gamma MSH-LI, ACTH-LI, and beta-endorphin-LI, respectively) were detected in water extracts of four human gastric antral mucosa. The concentrations of gamma MSH-LI, ACTH-LI, and beta-endorphin-LI in the boiling water extracts were 9.9 +/- 3.3, 6.2 +/- 1.8, and 3.9 +/- 1.3 ng/g (mean +/- SE), respectively. Gel exclusion chromatography on a Bio-Gel P-60 column showed that most ACTH-LI and beta-endorphin-LI were eluted at the elution positions of human ACTH and beta-endorphin, respectively. The major peak of gamma MSH-LI was eluted at the elution position of big gamma MSH-LI, but another peak was eluted at the elution position of small gamma MSH-LI, as in bovine intermediate pituitary. Concanavalin A-agarose affinity chromatography showed that 52% of gamma MSH-LI was specifically bound to the column, but only 8% of ACTH-LI and none of beta-endorphin-LI were specifically bound. These results suggest that there exists an ACTH/beta-lipotropin common precursor protein in human antral mucosa and that the processing of the precursor is accelerated as a bovine intermediate pituitary, indicating possible roles of these peptides in the function of the gastrointestinal tract.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1982

[Radiation therapy of esophageal cancer--radical radiotherapy and radiotherapy in combination with surgery].

The role of radical and palliative radiotherapy, and radiotherapy combined with surgery are discussed. Surgical resection and radiation therapy have been applied to curative treatment of carcinoma of esophagus. Despite of recent advances of surgery, the results are still unfavorable. Radical irradiation was applied to attempt at long term control of the local and regional disease despite dismal cure rate: doses in the range of 6000 to 7000 rad were required. Palliative irradiation is also achieved significant improvement, and dose range of 4000 to 5000 rad were required. The lesions of cervical or upper one third of the esophagus showed better prognosis by radiotherapy than the lower lesions. Prognosis was related to the size of the lesion and the depth of penetration of the esophageal wall. To improve the treated result, pre- or post operative radiotherapy was tried in combination with surgery. Preoperative irradiation has improved the surgical resectability and treatment result, which was contributed by the recent advances of surgical technique which made extended operation possible. Therefore, the role of preoperative irradiation should be re-evaluated. Postoperative prophylactic irradiation was used to control the possible improvements of mediastimun and/or neck nodes. The treatment results were better in the group of postoperative irradiation than in the group without irradiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Malignant lymphoma in the nose. Clinicopathological differences from the malignant histiocytosis presenting as lethal midline granuloma.

The clinical records and histologic materials from 7 cases with malignant lymphoma (ML) in the nose were examined, and the results were compared to those in malignant histiocytosis (MH) presenting as lethal midline granuloma previously reported by us. The main differences in the clinical findings were 1) younger initiation of the disease in MH than in ML (mean values were 56 and 37 years of age, respectively); 2) ML showed a polypoid nasal mass with necrosis but MH showed necrotic granulomatous lesions; and 3) much better survival in ML than in MH. The histological findings of malignant lymphoma differed from malignant histiocytosis not only in monotony but also in cytologic details. Alpha-naphthyl acetate and butyrate esterase reactions gave clear distinction between the two diseases. From these findings, we conclude that malignant lymphoma should be clinicopathologically separated from malignant histiocytosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Degradation of insulin in perfused liver and skeletal muscle and insulin secretion in perfused pancreas of liver injury rat.

To study the mechanism of hyperinsulinism and glucose intolerance in liver disease, insulin removal rate by liver and muscle, glucose uptake by muscle and insulin secretion from pancreas were measured using the perfusion in rats with injured liver induced by carbon tetrachloride (liver injury rat). In the perfused liver, insulin removal rate of liver injury rat decreased to 62% of that of normal rat, but it did not alter in the perfused muscle. Insulin response to arginine by the perfused pancreas of liver injury rat was similar to that of normal rat. Before insulin infusion, glucose uptake by the perfused muscle was similar in liver injury rat and normal rat. In contrast, during insulin infusion, glucose uptake by the perfused muscle was 1.5 times higher in liver injury rat than in normal rat. These results suggested that the peripheral hyperinsulinism was solely due to decreased hepatic insulin degradation, but not hypersecretion of insulin from pancreas and furthermore, might suggest that the insulin resistance was related to appearance of biologically inactive endogenous insulin, because of exogenous insulin completely acting on peripheral target tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Laboratory and clinical studies on cefsulodin (author's transl)].

Laboratory and clinical studies on cefsulodin (CFS), a new antipseudomonal cephalosporin antibiotic, were carried out and the following results were obtained. 1. The MIC of CFS against P. aeruginosa showed the peak of susceptibility at 3.13 mcg/ml in the inoculum size of 10(8) cells/ml and at 1.56 mcg/ml in the inoculum size of 10(8) cells/ml. It has a higher superiority as compared with gentamicin or piperacillin and gentamicin-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa were sensitive to CFS. 2. CFS was given to 3 patients with acute pneumonia and 5 patients with chronic cystitis which were all due to P. aeruginosa. Clinical effects were good in 2 patients and poor in a patient with acute pneumonia, and those were good in 3 patients and poor in 2 patients with chronic cystitis. Side effects were not recognized at all.

Adult↗