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Biomedical subjects

N M Hadler

Publications and source records attributed to N M Hadler.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Hand structure and function in an industrial setting.

The influence of patterns of usage on the structure and function of the hands was formally tested. Three groups of female textile workers, each employed in a distinct and defined, atraumatic, repetitive, stereotyped manual task for at least 20 years, were identified in a single rural mill. Replicate data were obtained for the following measures of structure and function: range of motion, a score for the degree of radiographic degenerative changes at each hand joint, malalignment at digital joints determined radiographically, and a quantitative measure of osteophyte formation. Significant and consistent differences in the right hand when compared to the left were detected. Furthermore, highly significant task-related differences were demonstrated. These task-related differences in the structure and function of the hands were consistent with the pattern of usage. Therefore these three patterns of usage influence hand structure and function in the population studied.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Effect of calcium on structure and function of a hyaluronic acid matrix: carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and the diffusional behavior of small solutes.

Natural-abundance (13)C NMR at 25.16 MHz has been used to study a 2.5% matrix of hyaluronic acid at various degrees of polymerization and at various ionic strengths. Peak assignment is facilitated by comparing proton-decoupled and off-resonance-decoupled spectra of a hyaluronidase-depolymerized matrix with spectra from relevant monosaccharides. In contrast to the spectrum following depolymerization, the spectrum for intact matrix has considerable broadening, particularly for peaks assigned to the N-acetylglucosamine moiety. This is most dramatic for the hydroxymethylene carbon. With the addition of Ca(2+) above 5 mM these broadened peaks narrow and approach the sharpness observed for the hyaluronidase digest. There is no shift in resonance peak positions. These changes are quantitatively less impressive if Na(+) is substituted for Ca(2+). The data suggest the existence of a considerable degree of order in regions of the matrix at physiological concentrations of Ca(2+). Within such a matrix the translational movement of lysine and glucose is enhanced relative to that in a matrix of agarose. Further addition of Ca(2+) abrogates not only matrix order, but the enhanced diffusivity as well.

Calcium↗
PubMed1978

Subacute fluorosis: a consequence of abuse of an organofluoride anesthetic.

A young woman presented with a novel multisystem disease: painful periostitis, osteosclerosis, hypertension, and renal dysfunction. The similarity of some of this clinical picture to fluoride intoxication led to the discovery of massively elevated fluoride levels in serum, urine, and bone. Although initially an enigma, the source of fluoride was later found to be the illicit use of an anesthetic agent, methoxyflurane. This agents is one of a class of organofluorides that, by virtue of biotransformation, is a known cause of inorganic fluoride exposure. Though the drug is potentially nephrotoxic as generally used, exposure to it is transient and has not previously led to discernible bone disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Legal ramifications of the medical definition of back disease.

Back pain occurring without external force is extraordinarily prevalent in all segments of society. The practicing internist is often faced with the complaint, a need to define its cause, and a request to render an opinion as to whether the patient is disabled in the context of his employment. This opinion will have some weight in determining compensability under workmen's compensation law. This essay examines the inferences, as regards back pain, upon which compensation law is based. These inferences are then tested in light of our current understanding of the pathophysiology of back pain. A number of fallacies become apparent that may provide impetus for remedial legislation and clearly mandate further clinical investigation.

Back Pain↗
PubMed1977

Industrial rheumatology. Clinical investigations into the influence of the pattern of usage of the pattern of regional musculoskeletal disease.

Regional musculoskeletal diseases are exceedingly common in all segments of society, and dramatically so in industry. For generations, medicine has assumed that many such entities are use-associated. A critical review of several examples of back and upper extremity disease demonstrates that the literature supporting these assumptions is almost entirely anecdotal. It is argued that if defined patterns of usage were associated with defined clinical syndromes, such knowledge would have considerable therapeutic and prophylactic potential. Industrial rheumatology is proposed as an investigative discipline for the study of such relationships. The prerequisites in terms of assumptions and methods as well as potential fallacies and pitfalls are discussed.

Arm↗
PubMed1975

The use of 2-deoxy-D-glucose to assess changes in tumor target cell membranes in vitro.

Following short-term suspension culture, cells from the Balb/C sarcoma Meth A were allowed to incorporate both [14C] leucine and 2-deoxy-D-glucose-1-[3H] (2DG). The 2DG is trapped as a small anionic marker of the cytosol. Deviation from the kinetics of spontaneous efflux of the markers is interpreted as reflecting perturbation of the target cell membrane. In the presence of guinea pig complement and a rabbit antiserum to Meth A, enhanced 2DG efflux was effected in a titer comparable to that detected with a 51Cr-release assay. With a number of alloantisera and syngeneic immune sera, 2DG efflux was enhanced while 51Cr-release was unaffected. Only in the presence of syngeneic immune sera from mice bearing a low tumor mass, syngeneic splenic leukocytes effect a retardation in the spontaneous 2DG efflux. Sera from animals with a large tumor mass were ineffective. Effux of proteins labeled with [14C] leucine was not altered. The phenomenon was not dependent on the presence of a heat-inactivatable syngeneic complement source. The method described provides a sensitive probe of target cell membrane permeability in the tumor model studied. The phenomenon detected is the capacity of serum, sampled relatively early in syngeneic oncogenesis, to direct syngeneic splenic leukocytes to interact with the target cell membrane differentially altering its permeability to the small cytosol marker.

Animals↗
PubMed1971

Site-directed cross-linking: a new approach to mapping antibody combining sites.

The gammaA myeloma protein 315 from the mouse was affinity-labeled with m-nitrobenzene diazonium fluoroborate which, as shown previously, leads to selective modification of the tyrosine at position 34 in the light chains of this protein. The azotyrosine bond was reduced with dithionite to form 3-aminotyrosine. The aryl amino group of the aminotyrosine was selectively reacted with the bifunctional reagent 1,5-difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. Cross-links were formed between the aminotyrosine and at least two residues-one on the same light chain and one in the Fd region of the heavy chain. Since affinity labeling of various antibodies with diazonium reagents has frequently led to azotyrosine formation, the approach described in this paper should have general applicability.

Animals↗