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Biomedical subjects

N Komatsu

Publications and source records attributed to N Komatsu.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Growth and differentiation of a human megakaryoblastic cell line, CMK.

Recently, a human megakaryoblastic cell line, CMK, was established from the peripheral blood of a megakaryoblastic leukemia patient with Down syndrome. Using this cell line, we studied the proliferation and differentiation of megakaryocytic cells in the presence of highly purified human hematopoietic factors and phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). In a methylcellulose culture system, interleukin-3 (IL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) facilitated colony formation by CMK cells in a dose-dependent manner. The maximum stimulating doses of these factors were 10 and 200 U/mL, respectively. These concentrations were comparable to those that stimulate activity in normal hematopoietic cells. In contrast, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), and erythropoietin (EPO) had no effects on the colony formation of CMK cells. In a liquid culture system, 20% of the CMK cells expressed glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) antigen without hematopoietic factors, whereas 40% of the cells expressed GPIIb/IIIa with the addition of IL-3 and GM-CSF. EPO also slightly enhanced expression of GPIIb/IIIa. On the other hand, PMA inhibited growth of CMK cells and induced most of them to express the GPIIb/IIIa antigen. Furthermore, PMA induced CMK cells to produce growth activity toward new inocula of CMK cells. This growth factor (GF) contained colony-stimulating activity (CSA) in normal bone marrow (BM) cells. The activity was believed to be attributable mainly to GM-CSF, since 64% of this activity was neutralized by anti-GM-CSF antibodies and a transcript of GM-CSF was detected in mRNA from PMA-treated CMK cells by Northern blot analysis. These observations suggest that GM-CSF, as well as IL-3, should play an important role in megakaryocytopoiesis.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1988

Immuno-electron microscopic study of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in axis cylinders of the vagus nerve. CGRP is present in both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers.

The localization of immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide (IR-CGRP) in vagus nerve fibers of the rat was studied with pre-embedding electron immunocytochemistry. IR-CGRP was localized in a small number (approximately 5%) of myelinated fibers and approximately 50% of unmyelinated fibers of the vagus. The immumoreactivity was observed in the dense cored vesicles (75-150 nm) and in the axoplasm, but absent in the clear vesicles.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Simultaneous expression of lymphoid and myeloid phenotypes in acute leukemia arising from myelodysplastic syndrome.

A 57-year-old female developed myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) that terminated as a biphenotypic leukemia after exposure to chemoradiotherapy. Double staining of blast cells, using monoclonal antibodies specific for myeloid and lymphoid lineage, demonstrated that one-third of the leukemic cells simultaneously expressed the E rosette-associated antigen (OKT11) and myeloid-associated antigen (MY7). This finding suggests the possibility that some cases of MDS are clonal disorders that arise in a pluripotent stem cell that can also differentiate to T cell lineage.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

DIA3 phenotyping in human tissues, dental pulps, and hair roots by isoelectric focusing.

The polymorphism of DIA3 was investigated in tissues of various human organs, dental pulps, and hair roots by isoelectric focusing. DIA3 types were demonstrated from tissues of brain, prostate, testis, ovary, and uterus, but not from tissues of spleen, pancreas, heart, liver, muscle, lung, skin, and kidney. Determination was possible from dental pulps stored at room temperature for up to 2 weeks and from fresh hair roots. The results show that the DIA3 typing by isoelectric focusing is useful for medicolegal individualization of brain, reproductive organs, teeth, and hairs.

Dental Pulp↗
PubMed1988

Glucose phosphate isomerase variants in human bloodstains and seminal stains.

Glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) variants occurring in human red cells were also demonstrated in human semen. Phenotyping was possible from bloodstains of 6 weeks storage and seminal stains of 12 weeks storage. The GPI system may be a supplemental tool for medicolegal individualization of seminal stains.

Blood Stains↗
PubMed1988

Confirmation of bone marrow engraftment by detection of M/N blood group antigens on erythroblasts in erythroid bursts.

In order to confirm erythroid engraftment, we examined the changes in blood group antigens expressed on erythroblasts in the haematopoietic colonies of a bone marrow transplant recipient. A 44-year-old female with acute myelogenous leukaemia underwent an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from her sister donor. Prior to the transplantation, the blood groups of both recipient and donor were analysed, and their M/N groups found to differ, the former being MN and the latter N. Bone marrow mononuclear cells were obtained from the patient on day 21 after bone marrow transplantation and cultured in semi-solid medium. Erythroblasts were collected from the erythroid bursts that had formed, and were subjected to flow cytometry using monoclonal anti-M and anti-N. Anti-N reactive cells accounted for 99.2% of those in the erythroid bursts, while only 0.3% of these cells were anti-M reactive. MN type erythrocytes in the recipient's peripheral blood had been replaced by N type and only 2.0% of erythrocytes were anti-M reactive on the 70th day after BMT. These erythroblasts and erythrocytes were phenotypically N, and originated from the donor haemopoietic stem cells with the success of bone marrow engraftment. From our findings, it appears that the M/N blood group antigens were produced by the erythroid cells themselves.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Survival of highly proliferative colony forming cells after treatment of bone marrow cells with 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide.

We investigated the in vitro effects of 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC) on human hemopoietic stem cells. Marrow cells were exposed to 4-HC and then assayed for mixed (CFU-GEMM), erythroid (BFU-E), megakaryocyte (CFU-M), and granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) colony forming cells. We found that highly proliferative colony forming cells, especially CFU-GEMM and BFU-E, were relatively spared by 4-HC treatment. One third of the surviving progenitors formed large colonies, some of which contained more than 50,000 cells. By sequential examination of the formation of these large colonies, we found immature colonies consisting of blasts at the early stage of culture. The morphology of these "blast cell colonies" in situ was arbitrarily classified into four types. Among them were the blast cell colonies consisting of the individual cells that were dispersed and had a few granules within the cytoplasm (type A); these cells finally formed very large colonies on day 22 of culture. Approximately 70% of the single cells derived from type A blast cell colonies produced secondary colonies consisting of erythroblasts, macrophages, eosinophils, and/or basophils. These results show that the blast cells in type A colonies have a highly proliferative capacity. The availability of a highly enriched population of primitive hemopoietic progenitors will provide us with a unique opportunity to study the interaction between a single stem cell and purified hemopoietic factors.

Bone Marrow Cells↗
PubMed1987

DIA3 phenotyping in human semen and seminal stains by isoelectric focusing.

The polymorphism of DIA3 was investigated by isoelectric focusing in semen samples from 235 unrelated Japanese volunteers and patients. Besides the three common phenotypes seven samples of the type 3-1 were observed. However, readable isoenzyme patterns were not demonstrated in semen samples of oligospermia under about 10 X 10(6)/ml sperm cells. The allele frequencies were DIA3*1 = 0.821, DIA3*2 = 0.164, and DIA3*3 = 0.015. The DIA3*1 frequency in oligospermia (0.765) was lower than that in normospermia (0.836). The isoelectric focusing method was successfully applied to phenotyping DIA3 in seminal stains; each phenotype was demonstrated at 37 degrees C for up to 4 weeks, at room temperature for up to 8 weeks, and at 4 degrees C for over 12 weeks after stain formation. In vaginal swabs the isoenzyme bands were very faint and not identifiable.

Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1987

alpha-L-fucosidase phenotyping in human tissues, dental pulps and hair roots.

Phenotypes of alpha-L-fucosidase (Fu) were demonstrated from tissue samples of spleen, liver, lung and kidney stored for a few weeks at room temperature. Activity was fairly low in pancreas, heart, muscle, skin and brain, and typing was not reliable after 1 week storage. Fu types were detectable from dental pulp tissue of up to 1 week storage. Activity was present in hair root cells, but was extremely low. The results show that the Fu typing may be applicable to individual identification of organ tissues and teeth.

Dental Pulp↗
PubMed1987

C6 phenotyping in sera and bloodstains by isoelectric focusing followed by electroimmunoblotting.

The genetic polymorphism of C6 was investigated in 329 unrelated Japanese individuals using isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gels followed by an electroimmunoblotting technique. Besides six common phenotypes C6 A, AB, B, AB2, BB2 and B2, six rare variants were observed. The allele frequencies were: C6*A = 0.4422, C6*B = 0.4757, C6*B2 = 0.0714, C6*A3 = 0.0015, C6*M1 = 0.0046 and C6*B3 = 0.0046. The population data confirmed that the C6*B2 allele is the third common allele characterizing Japanese. The present electroimmunoblotting technique was applied to demonstrate C6 types in dried bloodstains. The C6 types were determined from bloodstains stored at 4 degrees C for up to 10 weeks, at room temperature for up to 2 weeks and at 37 degrees C for up to 4 days. The results show that this component system offers a new powerful means for the medico-legal grouping of bloodstains.

Alleles↗