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Biomedical subjects

N Komatsu

Publications and source records attributed to N Komatsu.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Second relapse of acute promyelocytic leukemia (ANLL-M3) with t(15;17) and t(1;3)(p36;q21).

We describe herein a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)-(ANLL-M3) whose bone marrow cells in the second relapse showed t(1;3)(p36;q21) together with t(15;17) (q22;q11-q12). Although a total of 21 patients with t(1;3) have been reported so far, among which three cases with de novo acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were included, our patient is the first case with APL. The hematologic findings in our case confirmed the previous observations that this anomaly is associated with relatively high platelet count and the multi-myeloid lineage involvement of leukemic cells. Our patient responded well to chemotherapy and achieved first and second remission with 42 months of total survival, contrary to our expectation that patients with this anomaly have a poor prognosis.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1↗
PubMed1991

C1R subcomponent polymorphism in Japanese: description of a new allele.

The polymorphism of C1R was investigated in 570 unrelated Japanese individuals using isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting. A total of 11 different C1R phenotypes including a new pattern designated C1R 11-1 were observed. The allele frequencies were C1R*1 = 0.4561, C1R*2 = 0.3377, C1R*5 = 0.1956, C1R*8 = 0.0088 and C1R*R (C1R*9 and C1R*11) = 0.0018. The population data fitted the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The C1R polymorphism in Japanese was shown to be controlled by 3 common alleles, C1R*1, C1R*2 and C1R*5, as compared to Caucasians where only the former 2 are present commonly. This complement system can be a useful genetic marker for anthropological studies.

Alleles↗
PubMed1991

Immunohistochemical study on arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase in porcine leukocytes and other tissues.

Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the oxygenation of arachidonic acid, producing 5-hydroperoxy acid. This enzymatic reaction initiates the biosynthesis of various bioactive leukotrienes. An antiserum was raised in a rabbit against the purified 5-lipoxygenase of porcine leukocytes, and various types of porcine leukocytes were immunostained by use of the antibody. As examined by light and electron microscopy, neutrophils and eosinophils were positively stained. The 5-lipoxygenase was localized in the cytoplasm but not in the plasma membrane and subcellular organelles of the positively stained cells. In contrast, lymphocytes were unstained. In porcine ileum, the majority of 5-lipoxygenase-positive cells were eosinophils and mast cells resident in the lamina propria mucosae, whereas parenchymal cells were not stained. In porcine lung, certain bronchiolar or bronchial epithelial cells were clearly immunostained, in addition to eosinophils and mast cells found in the interstitium.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Exact ultrastructural localization of glutathione peroxidase in normal rat hepatocytes: advantages of microwave fixation.

Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PO), a highly soluble, selenium-dependent enzyme metabolizing lipid peroxides, is allegedly distributed in both the cytosol and mitochondria. With the pre-embedding method of immunoelectron microscopy for GSH-PO employing conventional immersion-fixation, the nuclei of rat hepatocytes stain positively, whereas mitochondria are negative. Such observations are inconsistent with the results of biochemical and immunoblot analyses using isolated subcellular fractions. In the present study, we employed the combination of microwave irradiation and fixation in 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA), with or without 0.1% glutaraldehyde (GA), to enhance the accuracy of ultrastructural localization of GSH-PO in rat liver. A small block of liver was irradiated by microwave for 10 sec in cold cacodylate-buffered 4% PFA containing 0.1% GA. After further immersion of the tissue in 4% PFA at 4 degrees C for 1-6 hr, the standard procedure for pre-embedding immunoelectron microscopy was employed. We observed partial inhibition of artifactual diffusion of cytosolic GSH-PO into the nuclei and consistent GSH-PO localization in mitochondria. Dual localization of this enzyme in the cytosol and mitochondria of normal rat hepatocytes was thus confirmed.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The biosynthesis of thrombomodulin and its enhancement by dibutyryl cAMP in a human megakaryoblastic cell line, UT-7.

Thrombomodulin (TM) is an endothelial cell membrane glycoprotein which modulates coagulation via the formation of thrombin-TM complexes. We investigated the human megakaryoblastic cell line (UT-7) for the presence of functional TM on the cell surface and in cell lysates using a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, a functional assay, and analysis by fluorescent activated cell sorter. We also examined the effect of cyclic nucleotides on TM in UT-7 cells. Quiescent UT-7 cells contained TM protein in cell lysates, but no TM antigen was observed on the cell surface. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP up-regulated TM: UT-7 cells transiently expressed functional TM antigen on the cell surface via de novo synthesis of TM protein resulting from increased TM mRNA levels. In contrast, dibutyryl cyclic GMP did not significantly affect TM antigen levels. The results suggest that megakaryocytes produce TM antigen and protein kinase A are involved in cellular mechanisms of TM expression.

Bucladesine↗
PubMed1991

Polymorphism of complement factor I: population study in Japanese and phenotyping in bloodstains.

Polymorphism of the complement component factor I (IF) was investigated in 645 unrelated Japanese individuals using isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting. The allele frequencies were IF*A = 0.1031 and IF*B = 0.8969. The population data fitted the Hardy-Weinberg law. Phenotyping was also possible from bloodstains stored at 37 degrees C for up to 1 week, at room temperature for up to 2 weeks and at 4 degrees C for up to 5 weeks. The IF system can be a useful supplement for the medicolegal identification of bloodstains, but seems useless in Caucasoids.

Blood Stains↗
PubMed1991

[Staphylococcus aureus sepsis in patients with hematological malignancies: increase in MRSA sepsis].

From January 1978 to August 1990, Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) were identified in 31 patients with hematological malignancies at Jichi Medical School hospital. Mortality due to SAB was 48.4% (15/31). Of the variables analyzed, four factors were significantly associated with a poor prognosis; elderly age (p = 0.015), high granulocyte count (more than 500/microliters) (p = 0.015), presence of DIC (p = 0.011) and presence of pneumonia (p = 0.023). The incidence of methicillin-resistant SAB was 32.3% (10/31) and the first patient developed in 1985. Although not statistically significant, there was a trend of higher mortality for methicillin-resistant SAB (70%) than for methicillin-sensitive SAB (38.1%). Most strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were sensitive to minocycline, chloramphenicol and vancomycin.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Factor B subtyping in sera and bloodstains by isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting.

The polymorphism of BF was investigated in 765 unrelated Japanese individuals by isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting. Besides five common subtypes three rare variants were observed. The allele frequencies were: BF*S = 0.8078, BF*FA = 0.1797, BF*FB = 0.0105, BF*Var. = 0.0020. The above method was successfully applied to subtyping BF in stored bloodstains. The determination limits were: at 4 degrees C 8 weeks, at room temperature 2 weeks and at 37 degrees C only 2 days after storage. The BF subtyping is of practical use in medicolegal individualization of unknown bloodstains.

Blood Grouping and Crossmatching↗
PubMed1990

Polymorphism of uridine monophosphate kinase: population study in Japanese and phenotyping in bloodstains.

The polymorphism of UMPK was investigated in 677 unrelated Japanese individuals. The allele frequencies were estimated to be UMPK*1 = 0.9594 and UMPK*2 = 0.0406. Our sample was devoid of the UMPK*3 allele. Phenotyping was also possible from bloodstains stored at 37 degrees C for up to 1 week, at room temperature for up to 4 weeks and at 4 degrees C over 10 weeks. The UMPK system can be a useful supplement for the mediocolegal grouping of bloodstains.

Asian People↗
PubMed1990

PGD phenotyping in bloodstains, organ tissues, dental pulps and hair roots by isoelectric focusing.

Polymorphism of PGD was investigated in bloodstains, organ tissues, dental pulps, hair roots and semen by isoelectric focusing. This technique provided much higher resolution of PGD isoenzymes than starch gel electrophoresis. Phenotyping was possible from bloodstains for 5 weeks, from organ tissues (except pancreas) for 1-3 weeks, from dental pulps for 2 weeks and from hair roots for 2 weeks when they were stored at room temperature. The method is simple, rapid, reliable and therefore useful in medicolegal individualization of bloodstains, organ tissues, teeth and hairs.

Blood Stains↗
PubMed1990

Growth and differentiation of two human megakaryoblastic cell lines; CMK and UT-7.

We showed that these two cell lines obviously expressed megakaryocytic phenotypes, such as multilobular, hyperploid nuclei, expression of GPIIb/IIIa complex, GPIb and PPO, although they have been originated from patients with leukemia. Furthermore, these cells had following characteristics. First, they responded to various kinds of hemopoietic factors. Especially, UT-7 cells were solely dependent on GM-CSF, IL-3 or Ep. Therefore UT-7 cells are useful to the assay of these factors as megakaryocytic cells. These facts provide us with new questions: why they are dependent on plural number of factors? How are the expressions of their receptors controlled. Is there an "autocrine" mechanism controlling their growth? Among these questions, we have just started with the Ep receptors, and most of the problems remain to be clarified. Second, PMA treatment suppressed their growth, but enhanced their differentiation and maturation. Among the megakaryocytic phenotypes, increase in GPIIb/IIIa complex, determined by a biochemical method, PPO by ultrastructural study, and the increase in cellular ploidy were clearly observed by PMA treatment. The phorbol ester PMA is well known to induce the differentiation of various kinds of leukemic cells (Rovera et al., 1979). Detailed molecular basis to clarify why the same PMA treatment causes differentiation into different cell lineages, dependent on cellular origin of the target cells, should be further studies. Third, the cells produced hemopoietic growth factors by PMA treatment, the majority of which was GM-CSF. Humoral control of megakaryopoiesis still remains unsettled. Our study may shed a light on its "multistep" regulatory mechanisms. Availability of a large amount of homogeneous megakaryocytic populations, which are responsive to hemopoietic factors and phorbol ester, will provide us with a great deal of informations concerning the molecular insight of megakaryocytopoiesis and thrombocytopoiesis.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1990

[A case of "interval" form of acute carbon monoxide poisoning--brain MRI and therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygenation].

A 43-year-old female who had suffered from paranoid reaction attempted suicide with city gas. She was admitted to an emergency hospital in a comatose state, regained consciousness the next day and was discharged 12 days after. However, on the 21st day after the poisoning, behavioral anomalies and staggering appeared. She was readmitted into another emergency hospital with the diagnosis of an "interval" form of acute carbon monoxide poisoning. She was performed hyperbaric oxygen therapy 42 times until the 53rd day after the accident. Nevertheless, her symptoms did not improve and remained in a state like an apallic syndrome. With little promise of improvement, she was moved to our hospital, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy further continued for 40 times which resulted in a remarkable recovery. Repeat EEGs were performed. On the 32nd day, EEG showed an abnormality consisting of generalized delta waves. On the 56th day, the abnormal EEG improved slightly with more alpha activity. EEG was normalized 126 days after. The X-ray CT scan on the 32nd day revealed low densities in the bilateral globus pallidus and the deep white matters adjacent to the frontal horns of the lateral ventricle and in the semioval centers. On the 57th day, these low density areas were depicted more clearly by the X-ray CT scan, which became less marked on the 73rd day. MRI was performed 3 times.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Effects of the in vivo administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor following cytotoxic chemotherapy on granulocytic precursors in patients with malignant lymphoma.

We examined the effects of the in vivo administration of recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on granulocytic precursors in the bone marrow of 4 patients with malignant lymphoma who received chemotherapy. Patients were treated with rhG-CSF at doses of 100-800 micrograms/m2/day intravenously for 14 days only in the first course of chemotherapy (G-CSF course) followed by the second course of chemotherapy without rhG-CSF which was used as a control course. In the G-CSF course, white blood cell counts (WBCs) demonstrated a biphasic response consisting of a first peak observed within a few days after the initiation of rhG-CSF administration, and a second peak observed on the last day of rhG-CSF injection or the day after. In the second peak, the incidence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-GM) in mononucleated bone marrow cells did not change significantly after treatment with rhG-CSF as compared with a control. However, since the number of nucleated cells in the bone marrow increased, the absolute number of CFU-GM in the bone marrow increased. The number of mature and immature granulocytes in the bone marrow increased. These findings suggest that G-CSF stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of granulocytic precursors in the bone marrow in granulocytopenic patients who received cytotoxic drugs and causes mature granulocytes to be released from the bone marrow.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

C7 polymorphism in Japanese: new allele C7*8.

The polymorphism of C7 was investigated in neuraminidase-treated sera from 513 unrelated Japanese individuals using isoelectric focusing followed by an electroimmunoblotting technique. Besides the common phenotypes 5 rare variants including 2 types of new variants were detected. The family analysis suggested the hereditary occurrence of a new allele C7*8. The allele frequencies were: C7*1 = 0.8314, C7*2 = 0.0926, C7*3 = 0.0380, C7*4 = 0.0331, C7*6 = 0.0010, and C7*8 = 0.0039.

Alleles↗
PubMed1989

Placental glucose dehydrogenase polymorphism in Japanese.

The polymorphism of glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) was investigated in 516 Japanese placentae. The allele frequencies were GDH*1 = 0.510, GDH*2 = 0.488 and GDH*3 = 0.002. GDH*3 appears to increase from Japan via Southeast Asia and India to Europe.

Carbohydrate Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1989

Simultaneous determination of FUC and PGM1 by isoelectric focusing.

This paper describes a simple procedure for the simultaneous detection of FUC and PGM1 in semen, seminal stains, dental pulps and hair roots after separation by isoelectric focusing using Ampholine pH 5-7. The gel plate was first stained for FUC using an agarose overlay with a buffer of pH 7.5. After reading the FUC types, the FUC overlay was removed and replaced with an agarose overlay for PGM. The results show that the method is useful in medicolegal individualization of seminal stains and teeth when only small samples have to be examined.

Dental Pulp↗
PubMed1989

Immunohistochemical study of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase in porcine tissues.

12-Lipoxygenase oxygenates the 12 position of arachidonic acid and produces its 12-hydroperoxy derivative. The enzyme is found in greatest amounts in porcine leukocytes and is distributed widely in various other tissues. An anti-12-lipoxygenase antibody was raised in rabbits with the immunoaffinity-purified enzyme as an antigen and was used in immunohisto- and cytochemical studies on the enzyme, the physiological significance of which remains to be clarified. When peripheral blood cells were examined by immunoelectron microscopy, the enzyme was found in neutrophils and monocytes but was not detected in lymphocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes. In immunostained neutrophils and monocytes the enzyme was localized in the cytosol but was not clearly detected in the plasma membrane, nuclear membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, and other organelles. Several other organs known to contain considerable amounts of 12-lipoxygenase were also investigated immunohistochemically, i.e., alimentary tract (ileum and jejunum), lymphatic organs (spleen, lymph node, and thymus), ovary, lung, liver, and others. In these organs, resident mast cells and granulocytes infiltrating the interstitial tissues were positively immunostained. The enzyme was not detected in parenchymal cells of these organs under our experimental conditions.

Animals↗