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Biomedical subjects

N Kawate

Publications and source records attributed to N Kawate.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Developmental changes in testicular luteinising hormone receptors and androgens in the dog.

The changes with age in the levels of testicular luteinising hormone (LH) receptors in dogs, were correlated with plasma androgen concentrations and the effects of stimulation with human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). The presence of high-affinity binding sites for LH was demonstrated in the testes of all the animals studied, and the apparent affinity of the LH receptors did not change significantly with age. The total number of LH receptor sites per testis increased continuously with age and the growth of the testis. The major rise in the number of LH receptors occurred between six and 10 months of age, and coincided with the phase of rapid testicular growth. The concentrations of androstenedione, testosterone and 5 alpha-dihydrotesterone in plasma increased gradually until six months of age, and then increased rapidly with the increase in the number of testicular LH receptors. An increase in the concentrations of androgens in plasma was observed in response to stimulation with hCG after the number of testicular LH receptors began to increase progressively. The increase in the sensitivity of the dogs' gonads to LH could be responsible for the marked increase in the secretion of androgens which occurs during puberty in the male dog.

Androgens↗
PubMed1994

Recurrence at the bronchial stump after resection of lung cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Recurrence at the bronchial stump frequently is difficult to diagnose before the disease progresses. Patients with recurrence at the bronchial stump after surgical treatment were studied to clarify characteristics. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Reports on this type of recurrence are few. METHODS: Between January 1979 and December 1988, 625 primary lung cancers were resected. Fourteen patients (2.2%), in whom recurrence occurred at the bronchial stump, were studied pathologically and clinically. RESULTS: Eight tumors (57.1%) were squamous cell carcinomas, five (35.7%) were adenocarcinomas, and one (7.1%) was small cell carcinoma. Pathologically, six tumors (42.9%) were stage I, four (28.6%) were stage II, two (14.3%) were stage IIIA, and two (14.3%) were stage IV. Eight patients had bloody sputum at recurrence; two cases were asymptomatic. Submucosal tumors were observed bronchoscopically at recurrence in 11 patients. Considering lymphadenopathy on chest x-ray, the submucosal type recurrence may have been direct invasion from metastatic lymph nodes. The periods from the operation to the recurrence were 7 to 102 months (mean 28.8 months). In 8 of 14 patients, recurrence was observed within 24 months. All but one patient died within 24 months of recurrence detection. CONCLUSIONS: Long survival could be expected only if there were no metastases in the mediastinal lymph nodes. If the tumors were detected earlier, it was possible to cure the tumors by intensive therapy, even in submucosal type recurrence. Regular bronchoscopic examination is needed to diagnose the recurrence at the bronchial stump as early as possible.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

[Quantitative cytochemical analysis of T1 breast cancer].

The authors attempted to estimate the relationship between three biological parameters (nuclear DNA content, PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen)/cyclin, HER-2/neu oncoprotein) and lymph node metastasis. We evaluated 37 breast cancers which were less than 2 cm in maximum dimension. Quantitative analysis was performed using a CAS 200 Image Analysis System, after Feulgen staining and immunochemical staining using anti-PCNA/cyclin monoclonal antibody and anti-HER-2/neu oncoprotein polyclonal antibody. In lymph node-negative cases 20.0% were aneuploid, while in lymph node-positive cases 58.8% were aneuploid. A total of 20.0% lymph node-negative cases were in the high proliferation group, as opposed to 52.9% of lymph node-positive cases. This analysis revealed a significant relationship between cell proliferation and lymph node metastasis. Analysis of the expression of HER-2/neu oncoprotein revealed no significant relationship between overexpression of HER-2/neu oncoprotein and lymph node metastasis, but the expression of HER-2/neu oncoprotein was significantly related to a shorter relapse-free survival.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Asymptomatic solitary papilloma of the bronchus: review of occurrence in Japan.

A case of solitary papilloma of the bronchus is described, and 15 other cases occurring in Japan are reviewed. A 57 year old asymptomatic male was referred to our hospital because many squamous metaplastic cells with moderate atypia were observed in sputum cytology, twice in 3 months. The chest X-ray showed no abnormal findings. Endoscopic examination revealed a polypoid tumour at the bifurcation of the right B6a and B6b. The tumour was removed completely by endoscopic biopsy, and histological findings showed squamous papilloma. There has been no evidence of recurrence for 3 yrs. We are not aware of a previously reported case of bronchial papilloma without symptoms or abnormal shadow on chest X-ray. Considering the fact that malignant change was reported in only one case in Japan, and that there is a possibility of cancer subsequently developing at another location in the lung which might also require resection, lobectomy should be avoided if the tumour can be removed completely through endoscopy. If the lesion is limited to a small area in the bronchus, conservative treatment such as photodynamic therapy and/or yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) laser vaporization might be sufficient to obtain a complete cure.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1992

Fine-needle aspiration cytology of metastatic breast tumor originating from leukemia.

Two cases of metastatic breast tumor originating from leukemia are reported. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens showed a large number of isolated small-to-medium-sized atypical lymphocytic cells. It is difficult to distinguish metastatic breast tumors and primary breast cancers by physical findings alone. FNA cytology is an effective method for qualitative diagnosis. When atypical lymphocytic cells are obtained in aspiration materials of the breast, past history and general examination are necessary for diagnosis. In some cases of leukemia with breast involvement, good outcomes are obtained. Therefore, earlier detection is necessary in order to begin suitable therapy earlier and to avoid unnecessary excisional biopsy in patients with leukemia and breast tumors. To achieve this it is also necessary to first take into consideration the possibility of metastasis or infiltration of leukemia, and second to prepare two types of specimen for Papanicolaou stain and Giemsa stain before operation.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1992

Acute spinal epidural abscess and spinal leptomeningitis: report of 2 cases with comparative neuroradiological and autopsy study.

A 21-year-old male developed back pain, fever, and rapidly progressive quadriparesis. Lumbar tap yielded frank pus which was confirmed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to be located mainly in the cervical epidural space. Conservative antibiotic remedy was partially effective for restoration of the neurological deficits. A 82-year-old female noticed low-back pain which was rapidly accompanied with clouding of consciousness, paraplegia, and sphincter disturbances. Lumbar puncture revealed thick pus which was best depicted on MRI in the thoracolumbar subarachnoid space. At autopsy, spinal subarachnoid abscess or leptomeningitis was confirmed, and a spinal infarction previously unrecognized on MRI was found. Usefulness and shortcomings of MRI in the diagnosis of paraspinal infections are discussed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1992

Sputum cytology-positive, bronchoscopically negative adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Among a total of 114 cases of resected lung adenocarcinoma that were examined by sputum cytologic study before bronchoscopy, 17 were sputum cytology-positive, but had no abnormal bronchoscopic findings. In most of these cases, the reason for detection was sputum and bloody sputum (58.8 percent). Pathologically, many cases were classified as stage III A or more (82.4 percent) due to mediastinal lymph node metastases. More than 70 percent of the cases showed vascular invasion. The proportion of well-differentiated cases was also high (52.9 percent). The prognosis of these cases was worse than sputum cytology-negative adenocarcinoma without abnormal bronchoscopic findings and better than sputum cytology-positive adenocarcinoma with abnormal bronchoscopic findings. There was no significant difference between these cases and sputum cytology-negative adenocarcinoma with abnormal bronchoscopic findings. Combined with the bronchoscopic findings, sputum cytologic study is useful for preoperative evaluation of lymph node metastasis and prognosis. This combined approach can provide information necessary to perform sufficient dissection of mediastinal lymph nodes and proper adjuvant therapy in sputum cytology-positive adenocarcinoma cases, even though there are no abnormal bronchoscopic findings.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[Cases of residual tumor at the surgical margin after resection of lung cancer].

Sixty-one cases of primary lung cancer with residual cancer at the surgical margin were studied. The tumor remained at the bronchial stump in 27 cases, in the pleura in 18 cases, in the pulmonary artery or vein in 7 cases, the chest wall in 5 cases, adjacent organs in 5 cases and in the lung in 3 cases. The median survival time (MST) of the surgical margin-positive cases was 17 months and the 5-year survival rate was 24.1%. On the other hand, the MST of surgical margin-negative cases in the same period was 62 months and the 5-year survival rate was 50.7%. The poorer prognosis of the surgical margin-positive cases was statistically significant and this factor was related to the poor prognosis of stage I and II SMP cases. In stage IIIA and stage IIIB cases, the MST of the radiotherapy group was shorter than that of the non-radiotherapy group. The difference concerning prognosis between the bronchial margin-positive cases and other positive cases was not significant. Long survival cases consisted of squamous cell carcinomas with negative lymph nodes in which the residual sites were the bronchial mucosa or parietal pleura. Radiotherapy appeared useful for these cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Photodynamic therapy for multiple primary bronchogenic carcinoma.

In recent years, multiple primary lung cancers have been reported with greater frequency, partly as a result of technologic advances in the detection of lung cancer and therapeutic achievements in its management. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a relatively new therapy used with increasing frequency in the treatment of a wide variety of malignancies, including central lung cancers. In PDT, the differential retention of an injected photosensitizer by malignant tissue is exploited by treatment with a low-power laser beam delivered endoscopically. Since 1980, 145 patients with central lung cancers, including 35 cases of endoscopically evaluated early-stage lesions were treated with PDT at Tokyo Medical College. Thirteen of these 145 patients had multiple primary bronchogenic carcinomas, five cases of which were synchronous with the rest, metachronous. Three of 13 patients with multiple tumors had early-stage lesions and were treated with endoscopic PDT alone. In the other ten cases, PDT was used to treat accessible early-stage foci although operative excision was required for advanced lesions. Mean survival after PDT, alone or in combination with surgery, was 38 months (range, 14 to 87 months), and seven patients remain alive to date. It was concluded that PDT is useful in extending the therapeutic options for, and improving the prognosis of patients with, multiple primary bronchogenic carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[A case report of spontaneous mesenteric fibromatosis].

The term fibromatosis is characterized by an infiltrating proliferation without unequivocal neoplasma or repeated local recurrence. Fibromatosis can occur in various parts of the body such as the abdominal wall, the muscle and fascia of the extremities as well as the abdominal cavity. A 31-year-old male with attacks of abdominal pain, a feeling of fullness was referred to our hospital. On physical examination a large mass was palpable in the left abdomen. Laparotomy revealed a large mesenteric mass at the ileal region. The tumor was excised en bloc with a segment of the ileum. At this writing he is free of disease. Radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormonal therapy have all proved to be ineffective in this disease. The only effective treatment is extensive surgical excision.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Photodynamic therapy of early-stage lung cancer.

The clinical efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) was evaluated in cases of early-stage lung cancer. Haematoporphyrin derivative was used as a photosensitizer and an argon dye laser and excimer dye laser were used as the light sources. A total of 199 lesions in 165 patients with lung cancer were treated by PDT. Forty-five lesions in 40 patients, which had been detected only by sputum cytology, were endoscopically suggestive of early-stage lung cancer. All patients showed normal chest X-ray findings. Thirty lesions in 26 patients were treated by PDT only, with or without other conservative treatment because of poor pulmonary function or for other reasons. All lesions initially showed complete remission. Recurrences were seen in three cases. Nine patients died of unrelated causes and one patient died after a recurrence. The other 16 patients are alive and apparently free of the disease. Fifteen lesions were treated surgically after PDT because the effectiveness of PDT was uncertain. Among these, five lesions showed complete remission histologically. Three of the PDT-only patients have now survived for more than five years. The longest surviving patient has gone eight years without apparent recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Qualitative improvement of the surgical treatment of cancer using laser equipment--surgical technic after photodynamic therapy].

Nineteen patients with lung cancer were treated by combined preoperative photodynamic therapy (PDT) and surgery. Preoperative photodynamic therapy was performed for the purpose of either reducing the extent of resection or increasing operability. Clinically, nine patients had stage I disease, one had stage II, eight had stage III and one had stage IV. There were two cases of tracheal superficial invasion from primary lesions, three cases of intrabronchial polypoid tumor or superficial invasion of the carina by primary lesions, eleven cases of polypoid tumor or superficial invasion of the main bronchus, and three cases of double primary lesions. Argon dye laser was used in this study. Preoperative PDT was performed 48 to 72 hours after intravenous injection of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD). Therapeutic conditions were 60 to 600 joules/cm2 for the superficial invasive areas and an additional 200 to 800 m W for 8 to 15 minutes for polypoid lesions. Surgical resection was performed 1 to 9 weeks after PDT. The initial purpose of PDT was achieved in 15 of the 19 patients treated. In five of six originally inoperable cases, conversion to an operable status was achieved. Thirteen patients were originally candidates for pneumonectomy, and it became possible to reduce the extent of resection to lobectomy in ten of them. This study suggests that PDT may have an important role in combination with surgery and other modalities in advanced lung cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Percutaneous fine-needle cytology for lung cancer diagnosis.

The authors have performed 1,758 needle cytology procedures since 1966 in cases suspected of lung cancer. The results of percutaneous aspiration fine-needle cytology in 232 patients with lung cancer lesions between January 1973 and August 1984 are discussed. Of the 232 cases, lung cancer was diagnosed in 211 cases by this needle cytology technique. This procedure was performed only in peripheral tumors. Positive diagnosis was obtained in 32 out of 36 cases (88.89%) of tumors less than 2 cm in diameter and 179 out 196 cases (91.33%) 2 cm or more in diameter. Twenty-one cases showed false-negative results for malignant diagnosis. There were two false-positive cases, which were resected on a diagnosis of lung cancer that was later revised to inflammatory lesions. The specimens were apparently obtained from areas of severely atypical squamous metaplastic cells. Among 1,758 procedures, 209 complications were observed. In conclusion, for the diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer, percutaneous needle cytology yields a high degree of diagnostic accuracy and is safe, rapid, and economical.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Five-year disease-free survival of a lung cancer patient treated only by photodynamic therapy.

A 59-year-old woman had suffered cough and sputum production for several months. Chest x-ray film findings were negative, but sputum cytology yielded a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. This stage Ia lung cancer in the right upper lobe bronchus was deemed inoperable due to poor cardiopulmonary function. She was treated by photodynamic therapy in February 1981, involving intravenous injection of hematoporphyrin derivative and fiberoptic endoscopically delivered argon dye laser light. She responded well to the treatment and the lesion disappeared within a week. At present, she is apparently disease-free more than five years after treatment. This is the first known report of five-year disease-free survival following treatment of a malignant lesion by PDT only.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗