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N Kamada

Publications and source records attributed to N Kamada.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Examination of the role of the impermeants lactobionate and raffinose in a modified UW solution.

Rat liver transplants were performed in order to assess the importance of the impermeant anion lactobionate and the trisaccharide raffinose on the effectiveness of a simplified variant of UW solution for liver preservation by simple cold storage. Rat livers were stored at 4 degrees C for 18, 24, 30, or 40 hr in a modified UW solution or in one of three variants of UW in which one of these impermeants was replaced by another more permeable agent. Using modified UW solution (solution A), 50% (5/10) of rats receiving livers that had been preserved for 30 hr survived for more than 1 week; with solution B, which differs from A in the replacement of raffinose by glucose, the 1-week survival was 60% (6/10) after 30-hr preservation. Solution C, which is identical to A except for the replacement of lactobionate by gluconate, gave 20% (2/10) survival rate after 30-hr preservation. However, using solution D, which is identical to A except for substitution of chloride for lactobionate, none (0/8) of the rats receiving liver preserved for 30 hr survived. These results suggest that the inclusion of lactobionate as a major anion plays a crucial role in the effectiveness of UW solution, whereas raffinose can be replaced by more permeant glucose without deleterious effect.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1990

Specific suppression of allograft rejection by soluble class I antigen and complexes with monoclonal antibody.

In this experiment, we investigated the effect of daily injection or continuous slow infusion of either DA (MHC haplotype, RT1a) serum or soluble DA class 1 MHC antigen or its complexes with monoclonal antibody on rejection of heterotopic heart allograft in the combination of PVG.RT1a (RT1a) donor into PVG (RT1c) recipient. DA serum delayed significantly both the early and late rejection of PVG.RT1a heart grafts in PVG recipients. Removal of soluble class I MHC antigen from DA serum by affinity chromatography on a monoclonal anti-class I antibody column completely abolished the immunosuppressive effect. Continuous infusion of purified soluble class I antigen from DA rat liver, even from day 4 after heart grafting, induced a significant prolongation of graft survival. This effectiveness was donor-specific and amplified by the mixture of monoclonal anti-class 1 (RT1a) antibody with DA serum--this being induced only by using continuous infusion but not by daily injection. The results indicate that soluble class I antigen can act as a specific immunosuppressive agent in allograft rejection and that its effect is amplified by monoclonal anti-class 1 antibody.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Application of log-linear model in inference on karyotypic evolution in chronic myelocytic leukemia.

Relationships among additional chromosome abnormalities in chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) with translocation 9;22 [Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)-positive CML] were analyzed by log-linear models on 709 karyotypes reported in the literature. Additional abnormalities, such as the gain of chromosome 8 (+8), gain of Philadelphia chromosome (+Ph1), isochromosome of the long arm (q) of chromosome 17 [i(17q)], and the gain of chromosome 19 (+19), were frequently observed. A four-way 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 contingency table was considered with respect to the appearance of these four abnormalities, then the hierarchical log-linear models having at least four main effects were fitted to the observed contingency table. Akaike's information criteria of the models reflected the fitness of the model very well. Parameter estimates of the interaction terms indicated that the combinations of two abnormalities, '+8 and +19', '+Ph1 and +19', and '+8 and i(17q)' were positively associated, while '+Ph1 and i(17q)', and '+19 and i(17q)' were negatively associated. Based on the results of the data analysis, an inference was made on the route of karyotypic evolution in Ph1-positive CML; it statistically supports the hypothesis presented by Heim and Mitelman.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1990

[Acute lymphocytic leukemia with Philadelphia chromosome and rearrangements of bcr gene and deletion of 5' side and of TCR-delta gene].

A 58-year old man was admitted because of general malaise in April 1987. Physical examination revealed systemic lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. The white blood cell count was 252, 900/microliters with 82% of blasts. Bone marrow aspiration contained 93.8% lymphoblasts, which were positive for TdT and negative for peroxidase reaction. Immunologic marker studies showed OKT 11 positive and CALLA negative. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a clone with 46, XY, t (9; 22) (q34; q11), del(5) (q15) in 12 of the 13 metaphases. Ph1 positive T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia was considered. After AdVP and following AdVEMP (induction) chemotherapy, complete remission was obtained in August 1987. Cytogenetic study at the remission stage showed complete disappearance of Ph1 positive clone. Treatment with BH-AC DMP protocol at the time of recurrence in November 1987, brought no improvement and he died of respiratory failure. Chromosome study at recurrence showed an additional complex abnormal karyotype (double Ph1, +2, 5q-, -10, -13, -17). DNA analysis revealed rearrangements of bcr gene with deletion of 5' side and of TCR delta gene, without any rearrangements in other immunoglobulin genes. From cytogenetic, immunophenotypic and genetic analysis the patient was diagnosed as having acute lymphocytic leukemia (FAB L1) with Philadelphia chromosome and rearrangements of bcr gene with deletion of 5' side and of TCR delta gene.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Prominent lymphadenopathy and double Ph1 chromosomes as initial and recurrent manifestations of chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis: report of a case and review of the literature].

A 60-year-old woman was admitted because of fatigue. Physical examination revealed prominent peripheral lymphadenopathy, marked tonsillar swelling and hepatosplenomegaly. The leukocyte count was 68,900/microliters with 75% lymphoid blasts and 5% basophils. The karyotype of the blood cells was 46, XX, Ph1/47, XX, Ph1, +Ph1. The diagnosis of CML in blast crisis was made. After chemotherapy using adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone (CHOP), lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly reduced and lymphoid blasts disappeared from the blood and bone marrow. At that time only single Ph1 (46, XX, Ph1) clone was detected in her bone marrow. Four months later, hematological relapse accompanied by lymphadenopathy occurred and DNA analysis of the blasts showed the rearrangement of bcr gene. The simultaneous chromosomal analyses of the blood, bone marrow and lymph node revealed that almost all cells examined had the karyotype "47, XX, Ph1, + Ph1". In spite of repeated chemotherapy the patient did not improve and died. This case suggests a relationship between lymphadenopathy and double Ph1 chromosomes in CML.

Blast Crisis↗
PubMed1990

Effectiveness of modified University of Wisconsin solution for heart preservation as assessed in heterotopic rat heart transplant model.

A solution developed at the University of Wisconsin is an excellent preservation solution for the kidney, pancreas, and liver. We studied the effectiveness of a modified University of Wisconsin solution, which was made by reversing the sodium and potassium concentrations, in heart preservation. We first examined the relationship between total ischemic time and 1-week graft survival rates using a saline solution as a control preservation solution by transplanting a heart to the neck of test animals. To determine preserved heart viability, we palpated the heart 1 week postoperatively. The 1-week graft survival rates for the various total ischemic times were as follows: less than 1 hour, six of six; 4 hours, five of six; 8 hours, two of six, 12 hours, one of six; and 16 hours, one of six. These results demonstrate a correlation between total ischemic time and survival rate. Then we compared three preservation solutions--glucose-insulin-potassium, Bretschneider's solution, and the modified University of Wisconsin solution--for 16 hours of simple preservation. The 1-week graft survival rates were one of six for glucose-insulin-potassium, two of six for Bretschneider's solution, and five of six for the modified University of Wisconsin solution. The high survival rate for the modified University of Wisconsin solution under adverse conditions indicates its effectiveness in heart preservation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

24-hour rat liver preservation using UW solution and some simplified variants.

The results of a series of 32 rat liver transplants are described to analyze the efficacy of components of UW solution. Rat livers were stored at 4 degrees C in standard UW solution or one of three simplified variants for 24 hr prior to orthotopic liver transplantation. In standard UW solution (solution A) the one-week survival rate was 3 of 8. Using solution B, which differs from solution A in the omission of hydroxyethyl starch and adenosine, the one-week survival rate was 2 of 8. Solution C, a further-simplified version of solution B with omission of allopurinol, Bactrim, and insulin, gave a one-week survival rate of 3 of 8. Solution D is identical to solution B except that the sodium and potassium concentrations are reversed. Using this solution, 5 of 8 rats survived more than one week. We conclude that the effectiveness of UW solution is maintained in a substantially simplified form, and that solution D, with the Na/K ratio reversed to give a high Na variant, may improve survival.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1989

The extent of immunological privilege of orthotopic corneal grafts in the inbred rat.

Corneal grafts are believed to enjoy a degree of "immunological privilege" primarily due to the avascularity of the recipient bed. In this study orthotopic full-thickness corneal grafts were carried out in the inbred rat, using a technique that is a close model of corneal grafting in humans. The survival times of corneal grafts on nonvascularized beds of 28 fully allogeneic strain combinations were determined without the use of immunosuppression. Some combinations were rejected rapidly, e.g. DA (RT1a) into BN (RT1n) with a mean survival time (MST) +/- SD of 7.8 +/- 1.3 days, and some at a moderate rate, e.g. AO (RT1u) into LEW (RT1l) with an MST of 23.1 +/- 10.0 days, whereas in other cases survival was indefinite, e.g. WAG (RT1u) into PVG (RT1c), an MST of greater than 100 days. Orthotopic corneal grafts on nonvascularized beds between DA and AO parents and the F1, followed the basic rules of transplantation genetics. In addition, the rate of graft rejection was significantly faster (P less than 0.001) with corneal grafts from DA into AO placed onto a vascularized compared with a nonvascularized corneal bed (MST of 6.8 +/- 2.4 or 12.1 +/- 4.0 days respectively). The rate of rejection of corneas on a vascularized bed was at a similar rate to that of orthotopic skin or heterotopic auxiliary heart grafts. The results indicate that the fate of a corneal allograft on a nonvascularized bed is dependent upon the particular combination of donor and recipient strain. No consistent association was observed between any donor or recipient RT1 haplotype and survival; this suggests that non-RT1 background genes may play a role in the survival of corneal grafts.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Chronic myelogenous leukemia and Klinefelter's syndrome.

A case of chronic myelogenous leukemia with Klinefelter's syndrome mosaicism in a 27-yr-old male is reported. Cytogenetic analysis provided evidence that the Philadelphia chromosome occurred monoclonally in the XXY cells but not in the XY cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Acute and late effects of A-bomb radiation studied in a group of young girls with a defined condition at the time of bombing.

Ninety girl students have been identified, who were 14-15 years old when exposed to the atomic bomb while at the Central Telephone Office in Hiroshima located at a distance of 550 meters from the hypocenter. The mortality rate of the students exposed on the second floor of the building was estimated to be 50.9% and those exposed on the first floor (ground level) 33.3%. Doses to the students exposed on the second floor were estimated from cytogenetic evidence to be around 6 Gy in the T65 Dose system or appear to be 4 Gy in the DS86 system. These data indicate that LD50 is around 4 Gy in these young females. Among 28 students who were confirmed to be alive in 1965 and followed to the end of 1988, six students had breast cancer, mostly of invasive ductal type carcinoma. The incidence of breast cancer in the adolescent group was very high, the relative risk being 23.1 with 95% confidence limits of 12.9 to 42.2.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

9;22 translocation and bcr rearrangements in chronic myelocytic leukemia patients among atomic bomb survivors.

To elucidate the mechanism of leukemia induced by radiation, we studied both chromosome abnormalities and bcr rearrangements of seven CML patients with a history of atomic bomb exposure and 14 CML patients without the exposure. All patients, irrespective of radiation exposure, had 9;22 translocation and rearrangement of the bcr gene in the leukemic cells. Further analysis of breakpoints within the bcr gene demonstrated no distinct difference between the exposed and the non-exposed groups. The present study suggests that formation of the chimeric bcr-abl gene and its genetic products may play an important role in the development of leukemia in either radiation-induced or de novo CML.

Adult↗