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Biomedical subjects

N Kakkar

Publications and source records attributed to N Kakkar.

44 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Primary pulmonary malignant teratoma with yolk sac element associated with hematologic neoplasia.

We describe the unique case of a primary pulmonary malignant teratoma with yolk sac elements, associated with hematologic neoplasia. This 20-year-old male was admitted with complaints of fever, right-sided chest pain, dry cough, and hemoptysis. Necropsy revealed a mass in the right middle and upper lobe which microscopically was a malignant teratoma with yolk sac element. The associated hematologic neoplasia was a myelofibrosis, cellular phase, with myeloid metaplasia in liver, spleen, hilar lymph nodes, left adrenal gland, and lower lobe of the right lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Radiology of pancreatic tuberculosis: a report of three cases.

We report three cases of biopsy proven pancreatic tuberculosis. The patients presented with abdominal pain and intermittent fever. Ultrasound and computed tomography revealed a diffusely enlarged pancreas with focal hypoechoic/hypodense lesions in all three patients. In addition, one patient had a large pancreatic cyst with internal echoes. Associated findings included peripancreatic and mesenteric lymph nodes, bowel wall thickening of ileocecal junction, focal hepatic or splenic lesions, splenic vein thrombosis, and ascites. Pancreatic tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of focal pancreatic lesions, especially if associated with ancillary findings such as enlarged hypodense nodes in the peripancreatic region or in the mesentery in patients presenting with longstanding fever and abdominal pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The effect of unilateral intercostal nerve transfer upon lung function.

Intercostal nerve transfer is a well-established technique in the treatment of some severe brachial plexus lesions in adults. There is, however, concern that in the presence of an ipsilateral phrenic nerve palsy it may lead to a significant compromise of respiratory function. 20 patients having intercostal nerve transfers had their lung function assessed pre-operatively and 6 weeks post-operatively. The patients were subsequently questioned about symptoms of respiratory dysfunction. There was no evidence that intercostal nerve transfer leads to a significant reduction in respiratory function in adults. It therefore appears safe to perform intercostal nerve transfers in adults following brachial plexus injuries even in the presence of an ipsilateral phrenic nerve palsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer in India.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Helicobacter pylori infection has been implicated in pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Since there is paucity of reports from developing countries on association of H. pylori with gastric cancer, we performed case control study to find out the relationship between H. pylori and gastric cancer and also compared characteristics of gastric cancer and H. pylori positivity in younger and older patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Gastrectomy (n = 37) or endoscopic biopsy (n = 43) samples from area adjoining the cancer were collected from 80 patients of gastric cancer. Tissue specimens were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Giemsa stains and histological type of cancer was determined according to Lauren, as intestinal or diffuse type. The presence of H. pylori was assessed by Giemsa staining. Eighty age and sex matched patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) served as controls. RESULTS: Of 80 patients, 48 had intestinal type, 28 diffuse type and 4 had mixed type of gastric cancer. Tumour was located in antrum in 37, in body in 31, and at other sites in 12 cases. H. pyolri infection was present in 29 of patients compared to 36 patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia (p > 0.05, odd ratio 0.69, confidence interval 0.37-1.32). The positivity for H. pylori was higher in intestinal type than in diffuse type (p < 0.05) of gastric cancer but similar in patients with growth in antrum and body (p = NS) of stomach. There was no significant difference in tumor type, tumor site, frequency of intestinal metaplasia and H. pylori positivity (39% vs 35%, P > 0.05, odd ratio 1.19, confidence interval 0.44-3.23) in younger (< 45 yrs) and older (> 45 yrs) patients. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately one-third of patients with gastric cancer show presence of H. pylori infection on histological examination. No difference in H. pylori positivity were observed in young and old patients of gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the bronchus: is conservative surgery always justified?

A case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the bronchus in a 7-year-old boy is reported. The patient underwent right pneumonectomy. Histologically, the tumor was a low-grade muco-epidermoid carcinoma arising from the bronchus with lymph node metastasis in the drainage area. Presence of lymph node metastasis in this low-grade tumor suggests the possibility of early progression of disease in what has until now been considered a very slow growing tumor. Aggressive surgery may be necessary in these situations.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changing trend of SSPE over a period of ten years.

Sub acute sclerosing pan-encephalitis (SSPE) is a slowly progressive inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. A decline in frequency has been noticed in most of the developed countries, whereas it continues to be high in developing countries. Though a number of studies have been carried out, the exact trend of SSPE is still not clear. Hence the present study was carried out to analyze the trend of SSPE over the past ten years in and around Chandigarh. A total of 205 patients with clinical features suggestive of SSPE were enrolled for the study during Jan'92 to Dec. 2001. Measles specific antibodies were detected in blood and CSF by HAI method. 114 patients were found to be positive for measles specific HAI antibody with a male preponderance. The number of SSPE cases were found to be more during the period 1992-95 in comparison to the next 6 years (p < 0.05). The high incidence of SSPE in our country could be due to improper vaccine coverage, poor cold chain maintenance or circulation of atypical measles virus strain.

Adolescent↗