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Biomedical subjects

N Kakkar

Publications and source records attributed to N Kakkar.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Crescentic glomerulonephritis associated with renal cell carcinoma.

Various glomerular lesions are described in association with malignancy. We report a rare case of crescentic glomerulonephritis occurring in association with renal cell carcinoma. A granular deposition of immune complexes and complement strongly suggests a tumor associated immune complex glomerulonephritis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Evaluation of E test for susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to primary anti tubercular drugs.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Antimicrobial susceptibility tests for tuberculosis take weeks and delayed therapy can lead to an increase in disease incidence. The E test is a new concept for minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) determinations for antimicrobial agents that is based on a predefined antibiotic gradient on a plastic strip calibrated with a continuous logarithmic MIC scale covering 15 two-fold dilutions. The present study was undertaken to evaluate E test strips for susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. METHODS: Twenty five clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis were tested for the four first line antitubercular drugs by E test and were compared with standard proportion method. The inoculum turbidity was adjusted to McFarland 3.0 standard and agar plates (Middle brook 7H11 agar) were inoculated and preincubated (37 degrees C in 7-10% CO2) for 24 h after which time, the E test strips were placed on the agar surface which were incubated under same conditions. The MIC was interpreted as the point at which the ellipse intersected the 'E test' strip as described in E test technical guide. RESULTS: Of the 25 strains, susceptibility as determined by both methods for isoniazid (INH), rifampin, ethambutol and streptomycin was found in 22 (88%), 20 (80%), 24 (96%) and 18 (72%) strains respectively. Agreement between E test and proportion method was 96 per cent for INH, 92 per cent for rifampin and 100 per cent for ethambutol and streptomycin each. However, sensitivity could be predicted after 7-10 days by E test and exact MIC could also be determined. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: E test method was found to be rapid, accurate, reliable and easy to perform. It can be employed for routine susceptibility testing for antitubercular drugs.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1999

Phlegmonous inflammation of gastrointestinal tract autopsy study of three cases.

Three cases of Phlegmonous inflammation of gastrointestinal tract detected at necropsy are described. Predisposing factors were seen in all three cases. These were chronic alcoholism with submissive hepatic necrosis (HbsAg and HbcAg positive) in Case 1, Indian Childhood cirrhosis in Case 2 and acute on chronic Budd Chiari syndrome in Case 3. In case 1 and 3 the inflammation was limited to the large intestine where as in Case 2 it was seen both in the stomach and large intestine. In two of the three cases blood culture grew Staphylococcus aureus (Case 1) and gram negative organisms (Case 2).

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Fatal paraquat poisoning: report of two cases.

Paraquat, a dipyridium compound is widely used as a herbicide. It is available in India as a liquid concentrate for agricultural use and is highly toxic if ingested. It leads to renal, hepatic, cardiac and pulmonary toxicity and also causes burns of oral mucosa and esophagus as it is caustic in nature. We describe two cases of paraquat poisoning who developed serious toxicity following its ingestion and died of respiratory failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Precursor lesions of Wilms' tumor in Indian children: a multiinstitutional study.

BACKGROUND: Studies regarding different ethnic populations of children with Wilms' tumor (WT) in the U. S. have shown differences between age and gender incidence and the type of its precursor lesions (nephrogenic rests). To the authors' knowledge there are few reports in the literature regarding nephrogenic rests in a large number of cases from other parts of the world. METHODS: In this study, histopathology sections from 127 WTs were pooled from the archives of 4 institutions in northern India and studied for the incidence of nephrogenic rests. Their incidence also was cross-correlated with patient age gender, and tumor morphology. RESULTS: Significantly, the complete absence of perilobar nephrogenic rests was observed in all cases. Intralobar rests were associated with 45.3% of WTs and were observed predominantly with a triphasic histologic pattern and a relatively lower incidence of anaplasia compared with reports in the Western literature (1.5% vs. 4.5%). A lower median age of 2.5 years with a peak in the first 2 years of life was consistent with reported studies in Asian children. The male gender preponderance was in contrast to the equal male to female ratio reported in Western cases. CONCLUSIONS: The type of nephrogenic rests present in Indian children was noted to be different from that in children reported in the Western literature. Differences also existed with regard to the age and gender incidence of children with WT and its morphologic pattern, possibly due to the different genetic nature of the tumor. However, this theory requires confirmation by large epidemiologic and genetic studies.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1997

Laryngeal malakoplakia.

We report a case of malakoplakia of the epiglottis in a 45-year-old female patient. Only three cases of laryngeal malakoplakia have been reported in the world literature, one of which was associated with tracheal malakoplakia. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of isolated malakoplakia of the epiglottis. Malakoplakia, a rare granulomatous lesion, has been seen more frequently in the urinary tract. Other organs like the genito-urinary tract, testis, epididymis, lymph nodes, middle ear, nasopharynx, tonsil and retroperitoneal tissue have been also involved though less frequently.

Epiglottis↗
PubMed1997

Pulmonary capillary haemangiomatosis as a cause of pulmonary hypertension in Takayasu's aortoarteritis.

Pulmonary hypertension is known to occur in Takayasu's aortoarteritis. It may be either due to pulmonary arterial involvement or elevated left ventricular end diastolic pressure, or both. In our case, the cause of pulmonary hypertension was a recently described rare lesion termed pulmonary capillary haemangiomatosis. This entity has a very distinct histopathologic picture. Although 19 cases have been reported in the English literature, this is the first report on pulmonary capillary haemangiomatosis producing pulmonary hypertension in Takayasu's aortoarteritis.

Child↗
PubMed1997

Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis--a case report.

A case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the renal pelvis is added to those so far reported. Association with long standing chronic infection and large renal calculi is emphasized. The occult gross appearance of most of these tumours may lead the pathologist to overlook their presence. Hence, any kidney with the proper setting must be carefully looked for this entity.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗